1.4 Protein Structure

What are the primary roles of proteins in the biological world?

• Catalyzing chemical reactions and building structures.

• Storing genetic information and transmitting signals.

• Providing immediate energy and insulation.

• Forming cell membranes and regulating temperature.

What are the fundamental building blocks of all proteins?

• Nucleotides

• Amino acids

• Carbon, Oxygen, and Hydrogen

• Side Groups

Which part of an amino acid varies and determines its specific properties?

• Amino group

• Carboxyl group

• Alpha-carbon

• Side chain

What determines the primary structure of an amino acid?

• side groups

• order of amino acids

• carboxyl groups

• hydrogen bonds

What type of bond holds together the backbone of a protein? (check all that apply)

• peptide bond

• covalent bond

• hydrogen bond

• glycosidic bond

• ionic bond

What type of reaction bonds amino acids together to form a protein? (check all that apply)

• hydrolysis reaction

• dehydration synthesis

• condensation reaction

• covalent bond

• dehydration reaction

What are the two main types of secondary structures that protein chains often fold into, stabilized by hydrogen bonds?

• Globular and fibrous

• Alpha helix and Beta sheet

• Primary and Tertiary

• Coiled coil and Random coil

What kinds of bonds give a protein its tertiary structure?

• covalent bonds

• hydrogen bonds

• ionic bonds

• disulfide bonds

• peptide bonds

The quaternary structure of a protein gives ​ (a)   its shape. The shape of the protein determines its ​ (b)   .

• function
• two polypeptide chains
• location
• size
• importance
• multiple polypeptide chains
• a single polypeptide chain

List six functions of proteins stated in the video.