Understanding Radicals and Chain Reactions

What is a radical in the context of chemistry?

• A stable molecule

• A highly reactive species

• A type of chemical bond

• A non-reactive element

How do chain reactions in chemistry differ from those in physics?

• They are slower than physical chain reactions

• They have a cascading effect on chemicals

• They do not involve radicals

• They involve only non-metallic elements

What role do CFCs play in ozone depletion?

• They increase the ozone layer

• They stabilize ozone molecules

• They have no effect on ozone

• They form radicals that deplete ozone

What is the main energy source for radical formation in the context of CFCs?

• Visible light

• Infrared radiation

• UV light

• Microwave radiation

What is required for the initiation phase of radical reactions?

• High pressure

• UV light

• Stable molecules

• Low temperature

What is homolytic bond cleavage?

• Breaking a bond to release energy

• Forming a bond between two atoms

• Breaking a bond to form radicals

• Breaking a bond to form ions

Which bond type is involved in heterolytic cleavage?

• Covalent bonds

• Non-polar bonds

• Polar bonds

• Metallic bonds

During the propagation phase, what happens to radicals?

• They cause further reactions

• They become stable molecules

• They are neutralized

• They disappear completely

What is the result of the termination phase in radical reactions?

• Formation of more radicals

• Formation of stable compounds

• Increase in reaction speed

• No change in the system

What happens to the number of radicals during the propagation phase?

• It remains unchanged

• It becomes zero

• It decreases

• It increases