How is the scientific method typically described, and how does it often differ in practice?

• It is always a rigid, linear sequence of steps, and scientists strictly follow it.

• It is typically a linear sequence, but scientists often revisit steps or ask new questions.

• It is a random process with no defined steps, allowing for complete flexibility.

• It only involves making observations and drawing conclusions, without hypotheses or experiments.

What is the primary goal of science?

• To prove scientific theories as absolute truths.

• To develop new technologies for everyday use.

• To gain knowledge about the natural world.

• To establish scientific laws that never change.

What is an inference in the context of scientific investigation?

• A direct observation made using the five senses.

• A suggested testable explanation for a phenomenon.

• A logical conclusion based on observations and prior knowledge.

• The final result of an experiment, presented in graphs and tables.

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What is the primary purpose of a control group in an experiment?

• To receive the treatment being tested.

• To ensure all variables are changed.

• To provide a baseline for comparison.

• To manipulate the independent variable.

In an experiment, which variable is typically plotted on the Y-axis and responds to changes in another variable?

• Independent variable

• Controlled variable

• Dependent variable

• Manipulated variable