Cell Biology Concepts and Processes

What is considered the basic unit of all living tissue?

• Organ

• Cell

• Molecule

• Organelle

What structure within most human cells contains the genome?

• Mitochondrion

• Ribosome

• Nucleus

• Cytoplasm

How is the human genome organized within the nucleus?

• As a single, long strand of DNA

• Into 23 pairs of chromosomes

• As individual genes floating freely

• Within the cytoplasm

What molecules does DNA wrap around to form a chromosome?

• Ribosomes

• Amino acids

• RNA polymerase

• Histones

What are the sections of DNA that carry instructions for making proteins called?

• Chromosomes

• Genes

• Bases

• Enzymes

What enzyme initiates the process of transcription by attaching to the start of a gene?

• DNA ligase

• Helicase

• RNA polymerase

• Ribosome

What is the process called where messenger RNA is synthesized from a DNA template?

• Translation

• Replication

• Transcription

• Mutation

What cellular structures are responsible for reading messenger RNA and assembling amino acids into a protein chain?

• Nuclei

• Mitochondria

• Ribosomes

• Golgi apparatus