2.2 Protestant Reformation

Why was the papacy located in Avignon for a time?

• The papacy moved to Avignon for economic reasons.
• The papacy was located in Avignon to escape political turmoil in Rome and under the influence of the French monarchy.
• The papacy was always located in Avignon.
• The papacy relocated to Avignon to promote religious reforms.

What were "indulgences"?

• Indulgences were a form of religious clothing.
• Indulgences were payments to the Catholic Church that granted remission of punishment for sins.
• Indulgences were payments for becoming a church official

• Indulgences were donations to the poor.

How could this Reformation and the idea of scripture alone even reach a wide array of Catholic believers all over Europe?

• The Reformation reached a wide array of Catholic believers through the printing press, increased literacy, and the translation of scripture into vernacular languages.
• The Reformation only reached the elite and did not impact the general population.
• The Reformation was primarily spread through oral traditions and sermons.
• Catholic believers were mostly unaffected by the Reformation due to strong church control.

What was the purpose of the Diet of Worms?

• To celebrate the end of the Reformation.
• To promote the sale of indulgences.
• To address Martin Luther's teachings and resolve the conflict with the Catholic Church.
• To establish a new religious order.

How do Luther and Calvin differ on their ideas of salvation?

• Calvin teaches that salvation is achieved through rituals, while Luther focuses on community service.
• Luther believes in salvation through good works, while Calvin believes in faith alone.
• Both Luther and Calvin agree that salvation is determined by church membership.
• Luther emphasizes justification by faith alone, while Calvin emphasizes predestination.

What is the essential tenet of the Anabaptists?

• Infant baptism and mandatory church membership.
• Adult baptism and voluntary church membership.
• Baptism by immersion only for all ages.
• Membership based on hereditary lineage.

Describe on reason for Martin Luther’s critique of the Catholic Church in the early 1500’s