4.3 HOFSETEDE'S CULTURAL DIMENSION

In high power distance cultures, employees are more likely to:

• Expect equal participation in decision-making

• Avoid questioning their superiors

• Challenge authority openly

• Reject hierarchical structures

Which of the following best describes a collectivist culture?

• Focus on personal achievements and independence

• Preference for competition over teamwork

• Low importance placed on relationships

• Strong emphasis on group loyalty and harmony

In a masculine culture, business values often emphasize:

• Competition, achievement, and success

• Quality of life and cooperation

• Work-life balance and equality

• Building consensus over conflict

Countries with high uncertainty avoidance are more likely to:

• Encourage risk-taking and innovation

• Accept change easily without hesitation

• Avoid strict laws and guidelines

• Rely on rules, regulations, and planning to reduce ambiguity

A culture with long-term orientation is more likely to value:

• Immediate results and quick profits

• Respect for tradition and the past

• Perseverance, thrift, and future rewards

• Flexibility in adapting to trends

Which of the following is common in indulgent cultures?

• Strict control of personal desires

• Enjoyment of life, leisure, and freedom of expression

• Focus on duty and rigid social norms

• Limiting happiness to maintain discipline