What was Alfred Wegener's theory about the continents?

• The continents are slowly sinking into the ocean.

• The continents were once joined together in a supercontinent called Pangea.

• The continents are fixed in their current positions.

• The continents are growing larger over time.

Which of the following provided evidence for Alfred Wegener's theory of continental drift?

• The discovery of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.

• Similar fossils and rock layers found on different continents.

• The movement of ocean currents.

• Changes in global sea levels.

What process describes new oceanic crust forming at mid-ocean ridges and moving away from the ridge?

• Continental subduction

• Plate convergence

• Seafloor spreading

• Mantle convection

What is the rigid outermost layer of Earth, broken into large pieces, called?

• The mantle

• The core

• The lithosphere

• The asthenosphere

What is the primary driving force behind the movement of Earth's tectonic plates?

• Gravitational pull from the Moon

• Convection currents in the mantle

• Ocean tides

• Magnetic forces from the core

Along which type of geological feature is seismic activity most concentrated?

• Oceanic trenches

• Continental interiors

• Plate boundaries

• Volcanic hotspots

What happens at a subduction zone when a dense oceanic plate converges with a lighter continental plate?

• Both plates buckle upwards to form mountains.

• The oceanic plate slides beneath the continental plate and melts.

• The continental plate slides beneath the oceanic plate and melts.

• Both plates pull apart, creating a rift valley.

How are large mountain ranges, like the Himalayas, primarily formed?

• Through volcanic eruptions at divergent plate boundaries.

• When two oceanic plates collide and one subducts.

• When two continental plates converge and buckle upwards.

• By erosion from wind and water over millions of years.