Subatomic Particles and Chemical Bonds

What are the three primary subatomic particles found in an atom and where are they located?

• Protons and neutrons in the electron cloud, electrons in the nucleus.

• Protons and electrons in the nucleus, neutrons in the electron cloud.

• Protons and neutrons in the nucleus, electrons in the electron cloud.

• Electrons and neutrons in the nucleus, protons in the electron cloud.

Which statement accurately describes the electrical charges of subatomic particles?

• Protons are negative, neutrons are positive, and electrons are neutral.

• Protons are positive, neutrons are neutral, and electrons are negative.

• Protons are neutral, neutrons are negative, and electrons are positive.

• Protons are positive, neutrons are negative, and electrons are neutral.

Why are atoms considered electrically neutral?

• They have an equal number of neutrons and electrons.

• They have an equal number of protons and neutrons.

• They have an equal number of protons and electrons.

• They have no subatomic particles with an electrical charge.

Which electrons are primarily involved in forming chemical bonds between atoms?

• Electrons in the innermost shell.

• Electrons in the nucleus.

• Electrons in the outermost shell.

• All electrons equally participate.

According to the octet rule, how many electrons are generally required in an atom's outermost shell for stability, excluding exceptions like hydrogen and helium?

• Two electrons

• Four electrons

• Six electrons

• Eight electrons