What new approach to studying history did Svetlana Alexievich introduce?

• Focusing solely on written government records.

• Analyzing the lives of monarchs and royal genealogies.

• Gathering evidence from people's spoken words and memories.

• Studying only major political events and wars.

In early European history, what was the primary focus of historical records before shifting to monarchs' reigns?

• The daily lives of common people.

• Evidence of God's work and divine intervention.

• Economic trends and trade routes.

• Scientific discoveries and technological advancements.

During the 19th century, how did history contribute to the development of nation-states?

• It helped predict future economic crises.

• It provided entertainment through dramatic stories of the past.

• It served as a foundation to legitimize nation-states and define national identity.

• It focused on documenting the lives of individual artists and philosophers.

How did the study of history broaden its scope beyond focusing on "great men" and military leaders?

• It began to exclusively analyze ancient texts and archaeological findings.

• It started to include the experiences of ordinary people, domestic life, and societal involvement in major events.

• It shifted its focus to only studying the history of science and technology.

• It became solely concerned with the genealogies of royal families.

Which of the following best describes how historians like E.P. Thompson, Eric Hobsbawm, and Eugene Genovese changed the study of history?

• They focused solely on the actions of kings and queens.

• They emphasized military battles and political leaders.

• They expanded historical narratives to include everyday life, working-class experiences, and marginalized groups.

• They argued that history should only be about the rich and powerful.

How is power often understood in modern times, in contrast to older historical views?

• Power is primarily about the direct force of a single ruler.

• Power is seen as participatory and flows through society, not just from leaders.

• Power is only held by the wealthy and influential.

• Power is always about military strength and conquest.

What is considered essential for understanding human history, according to modern historical approaches?

• Focusing only on the history of one's own country.

• Ignoring external forces like diseases and natural disasters.

• Understanding global connections through trade, migration, and cultural exchange.

• Studying only the lives of political and military leaders.

What is the process called when historians re-examine and update historical narratives based on new evidence or a broader understanding of facts?

• Traditionalism

• Dogmatism

• Revisionism

• Conservatism