Enzyme Function and Inhibition Concepts

Which type of biomolecule does the enzyme amylase break down?

• Proteins

• Lipids

• Carbohydrates

• Nucleic acids

Where in the human body does the enzyme pepsin primarily act?

• Mouth

• Small intestine

• Stomach

• Pancreas

What is the main role of enzymes in living organisms?

• To only break down substances

• To only build up substances

• To either break down or build up substances

• To store genetic information

What are the helper molecules that assist enzymes in their functions called?

• Substrates

• Active sites

• Cofactors and coenzymes

• Products

What is the primary function of a cofactor or coenzyme in an enzymatic reaction?

• To permanently change the enzyme's structure.

• To block the active site, preventing substrate binding.

• To help the enzyme and substrate bond and improve the enzyme's efficiency.

• To break down the enzyme after the reaction is complete.

How do competitive inhibitors affect enzyme activity?

• They bind to a different site on the enzyme, changing its overall shape.

• They permanently destroy the enzyme's active site.

• They compete with the substrate to bind directly to the enzyme's active site.

• They increase the speed at which the enzyme performs its function.

In a metabolic pathway that produces product D, what happens if there is an excess amount of product D?

• Product D will speed up the first enzyme in the pathway.

• Product D will bind to the active site of the last enzyme, stopping the process.

• Product D will act as a noncompetitive inhibitor for the first enzyme, slowing down the pathway.

• Product D will be converted back into the initial substrate A.

How does penicillin work as an antibiotic to fight bacterial infections?

• It directly kills bacteria by dissolving their cell membranes.

• It inhibits an enzyme that bacteria need to build their cell walls.

• It boosts the human immune system to fight bacteria more effectively.

• It prevents bacteria from reproducing by blocking DNA replication.