Genetics Concepts and Principles

What tools did Gregor Mendel use to study genetics in pea plants?

• Microscope and test tubes

• Peas and a paintbrush

• Textbooks and a magnifying glass

• Cloned sheep and a lab

Why were pea plants ideal for Gregor Mendel's genetics research?

• They were difficult to grow and had complex traits.

• They could only self-pollinate, making experiments simple.

• They were easy to grow, had controllable reproduction, and clear traits.

• They produced offspring with blended traits, confirming common beliefs.

What is the difference between a phenotype and a genotype?

• Phenotype refers to hidden traits, while genotype refers to observable traits.

• Phenotype is the observable trait, and genotype is the underlying genetic instruction.

• Genotype is the physical appearance, and phenotype is the genetic makeup.

• Both phenotype and genotype describe the same thing.

According to the Principle of Dominance, what happens when a dominant allele is present in a diploid organism?

• The recessive allele will always be expressed.

• The traits of both alleles will blend together.

• The dominant allele will always be shown in the phenotype.

• Neither allele will be expressed, resulting in a new trait.

If an organism has both a dominant and a recessive allele for a trait, which trait will usually be expressed?

• The recessive trait

• A blend of both traits

• The dominant trait

• Neither trait

When reproductive cells (gametes) are formed, how many copies of each gene's allele does each gamete receive?

• Two copies

• One copy

• Zero copies

• A variable number of copies

What does the Principle of Independent Assortment state about how different alleles are passed on?

• Alleles for different traits are always passed on together.

• Alleles for different traits are split up independently of each other.

• Only dominant alleles are passed on independently.

• Only recessive alleles are passed on independently.

What are changes in the genetic code that can create new alleles or traits called?

• Segregations

• Dominances

• Mutations

• Assortments