Intermolecular Forces

What is the primary difference between intermolecular and intramolecular forces?

• Intermolecular forces occur within a single molecule, while intramolecular forces occur between different molecules.

• Intermolecular forces are responsible for chemical bonds, while intramolecular forces determine physical properties.

• Intermolecular forces are attractions between molecules, while intramolecular forces are forces within a molecule.

• Intermolecular forces are always stronger than intramolecular forces.

How does the strength of intermolecular forces (IMFs) affect a liquid's vapor pressure and volatility?

• Stronger IMFs lead to higher vapor pressure and higher volatility.

• Stronger IMFs lead to lower vapor pressure and lower volatility.

• Stronger IMFs lead to higher vapor pressure but lower volatility.

• Stronger IMFs have no effect on vapor pressure or volatility.

Why does water readily dissolve ionic compounds like sodium chloride (NaCl)?

• Water molecules are non-polar and can easily break the strong ionic bonds in NaCl.

• Water molecules are polar and their partial charges can surround and separate the ions in NaCl.

• NaCl is a covalent compound, and water is a universal solvent for all covalent compounds.

• The high surface tension of water allows it to pull apart the NaCl crystal lattice.

Under what conditions do real gases typically deviate significantly from ideal gas behavior?

• High temperatures and low pressures.

• Low temperatures and high pressures.

• High temperatures and high pressures.

• Low temperatures and low pressures.