DNA Sequencing and Genome Basics

What is a genome?

• A collection of all genes and some extra material that make up an organism.

• A single strand of DNA found in every cell.

• Only the traits you inherit from your parents

• A type of cell responsible for genetic information.

In what year was the first human genome sequenced?

• 1993

• 2003

• 2013

• 1983

How many decades were required to complete the sequencing of the first human genome?

• Two years

• Five years

• One decade

• Two decades

What was the approximate cost to sequence the first human genome?

• Three million dollars

• Thirty million dollars

• Three hundred million dollars

• Three billion dollars

What is the main goal of genome sequencing?

• To understand how cells behave.

• To identify the sequence of billions of letters that make up a genome.

• To break down DNA into smaller pieces.

• To create copies of DNA fragments.

Which chemical base forms a pair with Adenine (A) in a DNA strand?

• Guanine (G)

• Cytosine (C)

• Thymine (T)

• Uracil (U)

Which chemical base forms a pair with Cytosine (C) in a DNA strand?

• Adenine (A)

• Thymine (T)

• Guanine (G)

• Uracil (U)

Why is it necessary to create thousands of copies of each genome piece during the sequencing process?

• To make the DNA easier to handle.

• To amplify the signal detectable from each individual letter.

• To prevent DNA degradation.

• To combine different DNA fragments.

What do differences in our genomes help explain?

• Only our eye color

• Differences in appearance, behavior, and health

• Why people have different fingerprints

• How tall someone will be

How will a better understanding of the human genome most likely change medicine in the future?

• Doctors will focus less on genetics and more on symptoms

• Treatments will become more personalized to each person’s genetic makeup

• Scientists will stop researching genetic differences

• Hospitals will no longer need lab testing