Ecology Review

Which trophic level is occupied by primary consumers?

• Trophic Level 1

• Trophic Level 2

• Trophic Level 3

• Trophic Level 4

If producers in an ecosystem contain 50,000 kilocalories of energy, how much energy would be available to the secondary consumers?

• 500 kilocalories

• 5,000 kilocalories

• 50 kilocalories

• 50,000 kilocalories

In a food web where birds eat grasshoppers and a certain type of plant, and snakes eat birds, rabbits, and frogs, what would be a likely immediate effect if the bird population significantly decreased?

• An increase in the snake population.

• A decrease in the grasshopper population.

• An increase in the plant population.

• An increase in the grasshopper population.

Organisms that break down dead organic matter and return nutrients to the ecosystem are called:

• Producers

• Primary Consumers

• Decomposers

• Apex Consumers

What type of ecological relationship exists between a termite and the microscopic organisms living inside it that help break down wood?

• Parasitism

• Mutualism

• Commensalism

• Competition

A bat roosts inside a pitcher plant, gaining shelter. The pitcher plant receives nitrogen from the bat's droppings. What type of ecological relationship is this?

• Parasitism

• Commensalism

• Mutualism

• Predation

Which process in the nitrogen cycle converts atmospheric nitrogen gas into ammonia and ammonium, making it usable for organisms?

• Nitrification

• Ammonification

• Denitrification

• Nitrogen Fixation

Which process uses carbon dioxide as an input and is performed by producers to create food?

• Cellular Respiration

• Decomposition

• Photosynthesis

• Combustion

Why are oceans important for regulating the planet’s climate?

• They stop all erosion on land

• They completely prevent greenhouse gases from forming

• They reflect all sunlight back to space

• They transfer a significant portion of heat from the atmosphere into the ocean

How does increased carbon dioxide in the ocean negatively affect marine life?

• It cleans toxins from water

• It lowers ocean pH and changes ocean chemistry, which can harm organisms

• It raises ocean pH making conditions more basic

• It instantly makes all fish grow larger