The Creation of Chemistry - The Fundamental Laws: #3

What was the prevailing theory of chemical change that Antoine Lavoisier disproved through his work on combustion?

• Atomic theory

• Phlogiston theory

• Germ theory

• Theory of spontaneous generation

Which of the following elements was named by Antoine Lavoisier?

• Carbon

• Hydrogen

• Nitrogen

• Helium

What fundamental principle did Antoine Lavoisier establish through his experiments with burning substances in closed containers?

• The Law of Gravity

• The Law of Conservation of Energy

• The Law of Conservation of Mass

• The Law of Thermodynamics

What scientific discovery is considered the turning point from alchemy to modern chemistry?

• The discovery of the electron

• The development of the periodic table

• The Law of Conservation of Mass

• The theory of relativity

What does the Law of Definite Proportions state about chemical compounds?

• A chemical compound always contains elements in varying proportions.

• A chemical compound always contains the same proportions of elements.

• A chemical compound can only be formed from two elements.

• A chemical compound's properties depend on its physical state.

When carbon and oxygen react, they can form carbon monoxide (CO) or carbon dioxide (CO2). If 1 gram of carbon reacts with 1.33 grams of oxygen to form carbon monoxide, how much oxygen would react with 1 gram of carbon to form carbon dioxide?

• 1.33 grams

• 0.665 grams

• 2.66 grams

• 3.99 grams

What did John Dalton's experiments with elements like carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen suggest about the nature of matter?

• Elements can be infinitely divided into smaller pieces.

• Elements react in random proportions to form compounds.

• Elements are made of individual, discrete bits that cannot be divided.

• Elements change their properties when they form compounds.

What did Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac's experiment, which showed that a volume of oxygen gas is two times smaller than the volume of water vapor it creates, suggest about oxygen?

• Oxygen is an indivisible element.

• Oxygen atoms combine to form larger elements.

• Oxygen was splitting into two pieces.

• Oxygen reacts only with hydrogen to form water.