Gel Electrophoresis

What is the primary principle behind separating molecules using gel electrophoresis?

• Separating molecules based on their color.

• Separating molecules based on their density.

• Separating molecules based on their size.

• Separating molecules based on their chemical reactivity.

What characteristic of DNA molecules causes them to migrate towards the positive electrode in a gel electrophoresis setup?

• Their double helix structure.

• The presence of negatively charged phosphate groups.

• Their ability to bind with agarose.

• Their specific base pair sequences.

What is the function of restriction enzymes in preparing DNA samples for gel electrophoresis?

• To amplify specific DNA sequences.

• To join DNA fragments together.

• To cut DNA into smaller, specific fragments.

• To label DNA fragments with fluorescent markers.

During gel electrophoresis, which DNA fragments travel the furthest distance through the gel?

• The longest fragments.

• The fragments with the highest molecular weight.

• The shortest fragments.

• Fragments with a neutral charge.