CrashCourse Diffusion/Effusion

What chemical compound is responsible for the smell of rotten eggs?

• Methane

• Carbon Dioxide

• Hydrogen Sulfide

• Ammonia

Why is describing the velocity of gases more complex than describing the velocity of a car?

• Gas molecules are too small to be observed directly.

• Gas molecules move in multiple directions and their overall shape and volume can change constantly.

• Gas molecules always move at a constant speed.

• Gas molecules only move in a single, predictable direction.

What does temperature primarily express in a system?

• The overall hotness or coldness of a material.

• The average kinetic energy of the particles.

• The speed at which individual particles are moving.

• The potential energy stored within the particles.

If two gas particles have the same kinetic energy, how does their mass affect their velocity?

• Particles with larger masses will move faster.

• Particles with smaller masses will move slower.

• Particles with larger masses will move slower.

• Mass and velocity are directly proportional.

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How does the rate of effusion of a gas relate to its molar mass?

• Directly proportional to its molar mass.

• Inversely proportional to its molar mass.

• Directly proportional to the square root of its molar mass.

• Inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass.

What term describes a gradual change in the concentration of a substance over a given distance?

• Effusion

• Diffusion

• Concentration gradient

• Precipitation reaction

What is the process where a substance spreads out into less concentrated regions until it is evenly distributed in the available space?

• Effusion

• Concentration gradient

• Diffusion

• Precipitation

In the experiment demonstrating gas diffusion with ammonia (NH3) and hydrochloric acid (HCl), where does the ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) solid form in the tube?

• Exactly in the middle of the tube.

• Closer to the ammonia (NH3) source.

• Closer to the hydrochloric acid (HCl) source.

• It forms evenly throughout the tube.