Volcanoes and Their Impact

What causes a volcano to erupt?

• Earthquakes shaking the ground.

• Gases trapped in molten rock expanding due to heat.

• Large amounts of rainfall filling the crater.

• The moon's gravitational pull.

What is one significant way volcanoes can change the surrounding landscape?

• They can cause global warming by releasing greenhouse gases.

• They can blow down forests, reroute rivers, and create new lakes.

• They can create new types of clouds that block sunlight.

• They can make the ocean water colder by releasing ash.

How were the Hawaiian Islands formed?

• Two large landmasses collided and pushed up the islands.

• A stationary hot spot of magma under the ocean floor created islands as the plate moved over it.

• Giant underwater earthquakes caused the ocean floor to rise.

• Ancient glaciers carved out the land, leaving islands behind.

What is a lava tube?

• A tunnel formed when the outer edges of flowing lava cool and harden.

• A deep crack in the Earth's surface where lava escapes.

• A type of rock found only near volcanoes.

• A channel where water flows after a volcanic eruption.

What happens when molten lava flows into the ocean?

• It instantly turns into solid rock without any other effects.

• It boils the ocean water and creates new land.

• It causes the ocean water to freeze solid.

• It makes the ocean water much colder.

How do plants usually begin to grow on a new volcanic landscape?

• New plants instantly appear from the hardened lava.

• Seeds are carried by the wind and grow in cracks where water collects.

• Animals bring plants to the area to help them grow.

• The volcanic ash itself transforms directly into plants.

Which type of volcano is typically tall with a flat top, formed by explosive eruptions of cinders and ash?

• Shield volcano

• Stratocone volcano

• Cinder cone volcano

• Caldera volcano

Where does the hot, molten rock that forms volcanic rock originate from?

• The Earth's atmosphere

• Underneath the Earth's crust

• Deep ocean trenches

• Outer space

What is a "stone wind" from a volcanic eruption primarily composed of?

• Water vapor and hot air

• Pumice and volcanic ash

• Molten rock and gases

• Dust and debris from landslides

What type of volcano has not erupted in millions of years because its magma plume has cooled to a solid?

• Active volcano

• Dormant volcano

• Extinct volcano

• Shield volcano