Digestive System Functions and Enzymes

Which enzyme found in saliva initiates the digestion of carbohydrates?

• Lipase

• Pepsin

• Amylase

• Trypsin

What is the wave-like muscular contraction that propels food through the esophagus called?

• Mastication

• Peristalsis

• Deglutition

• Segmentation

Which of the following is a primary component of gastric juice?

• Bile

• Amylase

• Hydrochloric Acid

• Sodium Hydrogencarbonate

What is the main function of pepsin in the stomach?

• Digesting carbohydrates

• Breaking down fats

• Absorbing Vitamin B12

• Breaking down proteins

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Which enzyme is responsible for splitting proteins and activating other zymogens in the small intestine?

• Alpha-amylase

• Gastric lipase

• Trypsin

• Pancreatic lipase

What structural features of the duodenum and jejunum significantly increase the surface area for nutrient absorption?

• Microvilli only

• Circular folds and villi

• Smooth inner lining

• Lymphatic capillaries

How are fats, specifically triglycerides, primarily transported from the small intestine into the bloodstream?

• Freely as fatty acids

• Encapsulated within chylomicrons

• Bound to transferrin

• Directly absorbed by blood capillaries

Which of the following is a primary function of the large intestine?

• Initial breakdown of proteins

• Absorption of most digestible substances

• Production of digestive enzymes

• Water removal and vitamin production by bacteria