Science Proves There are More than Two Human Sexes

In high school biology, what was the traditional understanding of biological sex in humans based on chromosomes?

• XX for female, XY for male

• Only X chromosomes determine sex

• Only Y chromosomes determine sex

• Sex is determined by a complex spectrum of chromosomes

What does "Differences of Sexual Development" (DSDs) mean?

• Differences in social and cultural roles

• Differences in who a person is attracted to

• Differences in chromosomes, hormones, gonads, or genitals from typical expectations

• Differences in clothing and behavior

Which of the following chromosomal combinations is associated with individuals who are normally taller than average?

• XXY

• Just X

• XXX or XYY

• Only XY

What is mosaicism in the context of biological sex?

• Having cells from two different fertilized eggs that merged

• Having a patchwork of genetically different cells from a single fertilized egg

• Swapping stem cells between a pregnant person and a fetus

• Having only one X chromosome

What are the early structures in a fetus that have the potential to develop into either ovaries or testes?

• Kidneys and ureters

• Gonadal ridges

• Wolffian and Mullerian ducts

• Genital fold and genital tubercle

What is the main function of the SRY gene?

• To suppress ovarian development

• To promote female characteristics

• To program male development

• To cause DNA swapping between chromosomes

What is the role of the WNT4 gene in sexual development?

• It causes chromosomes to swap DNA

• It suppresses testicular development and promotes ovarian development

• It leads to complete androgen insensitivity syndrome

• It causes overproduction of androgens

What is the primary cause of Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (CAIS)?

• Overproduction of cortisol by the adrenal glands

• The presence of the SRY gene on an X chromosome

• A mutation in the protein that male sex hormones bind to

• Underproduction of the WNT4 gene