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WorksheetsAnatomy & Physiology Chapter 13: The Endocrine System
Total questions: 38
Worksheet time: 33mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
A group of lipid-based chemicals synthesized by most tissue cells that act as local messengers.
a)
prostaglandins
b)
thyroid gland
c)
adrenal gland
d)
pineal gland
2.
Hormone that is structurally related to cholesterol and are lipid soluble.
a)
parathyroid hormone
b)
steroid hormone
c)
hormone
d)
nonsteroid hormone
3.
Ductless gland that secretes one or more hormones into the bloodstream.
a)
endocrine system
b)
exocrine system
c)
adrenal glands
d)
endocrine gland
4.
A condition caused by a failure of the adrenal cortex to secrete sufficient cortisol and aldosterone.
a)
Cushing's syndrome
b)
aldosterone
c)
adrenal glands
d)
Addison's disease
5.
Hormone released by the parathyroid glands that regulates blood calcium levels.
a)
steroid hormone
b)
parathyroid gland
c)
nonsteroid hormone
d)
parathyroid hormone
6.
External portion of the adrenal gland; its primary hormones, aldosterone and cortisol, influence inflammation, metabolism, interstitial fluid volume, and other functions.
a)
adrenal glands
b)
adrenal medulla
c)
adrenal cortex
d)
cortex
7.
Disease caused by too much cortisol from excessive production of glucose from glycogen and protein, and retention of too much salt; causes fat accumulation in certain areas of the body including the face, abdomen, and back of the neck.
a)
Cushing's syndrome
b)
Addison's disease
c)
histamine
d)
endocrine system
8.
A hormone secreted by the pancreas that enhances the uptake of glucose by cells, thus lowering blood glucose levels.
a)
medulla
b)
insulin
c)
histamine
d)
hormone
9.
A type of cell in the hypothalamus that essentially functions as both a nerve cell and an endocrine cell because it generates nerve impulses and releases hormone into blood vessels.
a)
target cell
b)
neuroendocrine cell
c)
endocrine system
d)
endocrine gland
10.
A chemical messenger molecule secreted by an endocrine gland or cell into the bloodstream that has effects on specific target cells throughout the body.
a)
cortex
b)
thyroxine
c)
hormone
d)
histamine
11.
An intracellular messenger molecule generated by the binding of a chemical messenger (hormone or neurotransmitter) to a plasma membrane receptor on a cell's outer surface; mediates intracellular responses to an extra-cellular (first) messenger.
a)
steroid hormone
b)
hormone
c)
second messenger
d)
aldosterone
12.
Body system that includes all of the hormone-secreting organs and glands; involved in coordination and control of body activities.
a)
endocrine system
b)
neuroendocrine cell
c)
exocrine gland
d)
endocrine gland
13.
Organ located behind the stomach; secretes digestive enzymes and bicarbonate into the small intestine and the hormones insulin and glucagon into the bloodstream.
a)
medulla
b)
pancreas
c)
glucagon
d)
insulin
14.
Substance produced by basophils and mast cells that causes vasodilation and increases vascular permeability.
a)
thyroxine
b)
insulin
c)
histamine
d)
hormone
15.
A hormone secreted by the pineal gland that seems to synchronize our body's daily rhythms and may induce sleep.
a)
medulla
b)
insulin
c)
calcitonin
d)
melatonin
16.
Glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex, also called hydrocortisone, that during fasting assists in maintaining blood glucose levels by promoting the utilization of fats by increasing the breakdown of protein to amino acids in muscle.
a)
hormone
b)
cortex
c)
cortisol
d)
calcitonin
17.
Region of the brain forming the floor of the third ventricle; helps regulate the body's internal environment by secreting releasing factors that affect the secretion of hormones of the anterior pituitary.
a)
hypothalamus
b)
hyperthyroidism
c)
hypothyroidism
d)
thymus gland
18.
Hormone producing glands located atop the kidneys. Each consists of medulla and cortex areas.
a)
adrenal cortex
b)
adrenal medulla
c)
adrenal glands
d)
pineal gland
19.
Interior portion of the adrenal gland; produces epinephrine and norepinepthrine.
a)
adrenal medulla
b)
adrenal cortex
c)
adrenal glands
d)
medulla
20.
A hormone containing four iodine molecules that is secreted by the thyroid gland
a)
melatonin
b)
histamine
c)
hormone
d)
thyroxine
21.
Disease characterized by a high blood sugar concentration and glucose in the urine, caused by either deficient insulin production (Type 1) or insufficient glucose uptake by cells (Type 2)
a)
adrenal glands
b)
pineal gland
c)
target cell
d)
diabetes mellitus
22.
Involves an overactive thyroid gland and hypersecretion of thyroid hormone and can create hyperactivity, nervousness, agitation, and weight loss.
a)
hypothalamus
b)
hypothyroidism
c)
hyperthyroidism
d)
thyroxine
23.
Refers to underactivity of the thyroid gland which can slow body growth, alter brain development, delay puberty and cause edema, lethargy, weight gain, and low body temperature; treated with thyroxine pills.
a)
hypothalamus
b)
thyroxine
c)
hyperthyroidism
d)
hypothyroidism
24.
Small endocrine glands located on the thyroid gland that produce parathyroid hormone.
a)
thyroid gland
b)
parathyroid hormone
c)
thymus gland
d)
parathyroid gland
25.
Endocrine gland that contributes to immune responsiveness.
a)
thyroxine
b)
thyroid gland
c)
thymus gland
d)
pineal gland
26.
General term for the outer surface layer of an organ.
a)
cortisol
b)
hormone
c)
cortex
d)
medulla
27.
Hormone released by the thyroid glands that promotes a decrease in blood calcium levels.
a)
cortisol
b)
calcitonin
c)
glucagon
d)
melatonin
28.
Neuroendocrine gland located just below the hypothalamus of the brain; with the anterior and posterior lobes secretes eight hormones.
a)
pituitary gland
b)
thymus gland
c)
pineal gland
d)
thyroid gland
29.
The name for the specific cell that each hormone will individually regulate.
a)
target cell
b)
cortisol
c)
cortex
d)
pancreas
30.
Hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that regulates sodium reabsorption.
a)
epinephrine
b)
histamine
c)
aldosterone
d)
hormone
31.
An endocrine gland, located in the neck, that produces the hormones thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and calcitonin.
a)
thyroid gland
b)
thyroxine
c)
parathyroid gland
d)
thymus gland
32.
Endocrine gland thought to be involved in setting the biological clock and influencing reproductive function.
a)
adrenal glands
b)
thymus gland
c)
pineal gland
d)
pituitary gland
33.
Specialized epithelial tissue that secretes a product directly into a hollow organ or duct.
a)
exocrine gland
b)
thyroid gland
c)
endocrine gland
d)
pineal gland
34.
Primary hormone produced by the adrenal medulla, also called adrenaline.
a)
epinephrine
b)
norepinephrine
c)
histamine
d)
insulin
35.
A neurotransmitter and adrenal medullary hormone, associated with sympathetic nervous system activation.
a)
epinephrine
b)
insulin
c)
norepinephrine
d)
exocrine gland
36.
Hormone formed by alpha cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas; raises the glucose level of blood by stimulating the liver to break down glycogen.
a)
pancreas
b)
hormone
c)
histamine
d)
glucagon
37.
Hormone that is structurally related to proteins and are lipid insoluble.
a)
steroid hormone
b)
parathyroid hormone
c)
nonsteroid hormone
d)
norepinephrine
38.
General term for the inner zone of an organ.
a)
medulla
b)
insulin
c)
melatonin
d)
cortex
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