A term used to describe the Atlantic trade routes between England, Europe, and Africa & where slaves were exchanged for goods.

A feeling of pride in one's own homeland; a group's identity.

A group of people united by ties of ancestry, customs & traditions. Often these groups survive without the organization of national government.

A large flat area of land that is higher than other areas of land that surround it.

The process in which countries controlled by colonial rulers became independent.

Characterized by short woody shrubs & a climate  of mild wet winters and hot dry summers.

A process in which people exchange goods without speaking or contacting each other.

A rolling grassland found between the rainforest & desert biome.

A group of traders that travel together.

A major African river (one of the world's longest); flows through Congo into the South Atlantic.

A time period when European countries fought to control portions of Africa for the benefit of natural resources.

The continuous geographic trench, approximately 6,000 kilometers (3,700 mi) in length, that runs from Lebanon's Beqaa Valley in Asia to Mozambique in Southeastern Africa.

Tallest mountain in Africa. This physical feature contains 5 different ecosystems and is found in the country of Tanzania.

A vast desert of northern Africa extending east from the Atlantic coast to the Red Sea & south from the Atlas Mountains & the Mediterranean Sea to the Sahel.