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WorksheetsEarth Science Review
Total questions: 130
Worksheet time: 2hrs 46mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
What is the thinnest layer of the Earth?
a)
Mantle
b)
Crust
c)
Inner Core
d)
Outer Core
2.
What forms when 2 plates come together?
a)
Mid Ocean Ridge
b)
Rift Valley
c)
Mountain
d)
Volcanic Island
3.
What is soil made out of?
a)
Dirt
b)
Weathered Rock
c)
Organic Material
d)
Weathered Rock and Organic Material
4.
What type of plate boundary forms a mid ocean ridge?
a)
Transform (slides past each other)
b)
Convergent (comes together)
c)
Divergent (moves away from each other)
d)
Primary (moves first)
5.
What evidence do we have that the Mesozoic era ended with a mass extinction of the dinosaurs?
a)
Fossil record
b)
Cave paintings
c)
Number of eras
d)
Rivers
6.
Building a dam, levee, and storm drain are all ways to control what?
a)
Earthquakes
b)
Volcanoes
c)
Tornadoes
d)
Floods
7.
Which part of Earth's core is a mineral that causes the Earth's magnetic field?
a)
Gold
b)
Magnetite
c)
Iron
d)
Fluorite
8.
What processes can happen to change any rock into a sedimentary rock?
a)
Weathering and erosion
b)
Weathering and cooling
c)
Heat and pressure
d)
Heat and erosion
9.
An index fossil was found in Africa. The same type of index fossil was found in Asia. What does this tell us?
a)
This tells us nothing important.
b)
The rock layer in Africa and Asia were formed during the same time period.
c)
The fossils are not related.
d)
The fossils can be found all over the world.
10.
Which type of rock forms at the bottom of a body of water?
a)
Igneous
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Mineral
d)
Sedimentary
11.
Which would cause the MOST erosion?
a)
Planting grass in your front yard
b)
Planting trees in the park
c)
Deforestation to build a gas station
d)
Reclaiming land that was used for mining in the past
12.
How do scientists figure out the relative age of rocks/fossils?
a)
Use the Law of Superposition
b)
Use the Law of Uniformitarianism
c)
Use Catastrophism
d)
Use Original Horizontality
13.
Which type of rocks use the processes of compaction and cementation to form?
a)
Igneous
b)
Mineral
c)
Sedimentary
d)
Metamorphic
14.
Which of the following energy resources are nonrenewable?
a)
Solar energy
b)
Hydroelectric Energy
c)
Wind Energy
d)
Fossil Fuels
15.
Place the following soil layers in order from top to bottom:
bedrock, leaching, topsoil, organic, subsoil, parent material
bedrock, leaching, topsoil, organic, subsoil, parent material
a)
Organic, Topsoil, Subsoil, Leaching, Parent Material, Bedrock
b)
Organic, Topsoil, Leaching, Subsoil, Parent Material, Bedrock
c)
Topsoil, Organic, Subsoil, Leaching, Parent Material, Bedrock
d)
Topsoil, Organic, Leaching, Subsoil, Parent Material, Bedrock
16.
What is the BEST way to prevent erosion from happening in an area?
a)
Cutting down and taking away all of the trees
b)
Planting vegetation
c)
Plowing an area to remove plants
d)
Mining an area
17.
Why is wind energy not used more often?
a)
Wind energy creates pollution.
b)
Wind turbines are too expensive
c)
Wind turbines kill too many animals
d)
The strength of the wind is not the same all from place to place
18.
What forms by the compression of 2 continental plates?
a)
rift valley
b)
mountains
c)
islands
d)
trenches
19.
If you see layers of rock on the side of mountains that have built up horizontally over time what geologic principle does this showcase?
a)
Law of Superposition
b)
Plate Tectonics
c)
Uniformitarianism
d)
Original Horizontality
20.
What type of stress forms a rift valley
a)
Compression
b)
Shearing
c)
Tension
d)
Compaction
21.
What processes power the rock cycle?
a)
Heat and pressure
b)
Cooling, breaking sediment, heat, and pressure
c)
Cooling, heat, and pressure
d)
Breaking sediment, heat and pressure
22.
What happens to a plant after it dies?
a)
It decays and becomes part of the soil.
b)
It becomes hard and forms rock.
c)
It turns black.
d)
It forms clay.
23.
Which 2 layers of the Earth form the lithosphere?
a)
Crust and Core
b)
Crust and lower mantle
c)
Crust and upper mantle
d)
Crust and middle mantle
24.
What is an issue caused by acid precipitation?
a)
Earthquakes
b)
Plate Movement
c)
Acidic water and the killing of animals
d)
Ash clouds and the blocking of the sun
25.
Which layer of the soil profile has the most humus?
a)
Organic Layer
b)
Topsoil
c)
Subsoil
d)
Bedrock
26.
Why is the Atlantic Ocean slowly getting bigger each year?
a)
Transform Boundary
b)
Convergent Boundary
c)
Trenches
d)
Seafloor Spreading
27.
What causes the MOST air pollution?
a)
Acid rain
b)
Pollen
c)
Burning fossil fuels
d)
Landslides
28.
How does the Law of Superposition help us figure out how old the Earth is?
a)
By useing the absolute age of rocks only
b)
By using the absolute age of fossils only
c)
By using the relative age of both rocks and fossils
d)
By using the relative age of rocks but not fossils
29.
What 2 types of crust come together at a subduction zone?
a)
2 continental
b)
2 oceanic
c)
1 asthenosphere and 1 lithosphere
d)
1 continental and 1 oceanic
30.
What is the composition of the crust?
a)
Solid Rock
b)
Iron
c)
Magma
d)
Nickel
31.
Which layer of the Earth is the thickest?
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Outer Core
d)
Inner Core
32.
Which layer of the Earth is the most dense?
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Outer Core
d)
Inner Core
33.
When people use geothermal energy to power their homes, from what source are they actually getting their power?
a)
Running Water
b)
The inside of the Earth
c)
The wind
d)
Fossil Fuels
34.
What type of boundary causes sea-floor spreading?
a)
Convergent
b)
Divergent
c)
Transform
d)
Primary
35.
Which of the following is NOT an alternative energy source?
a)
Nuclear Energy
b)
Wind Energy
c)
Geothermal Energy
d)
Natural Gas
36.
Which of the following is NOT a renewable resource
a)
Solar Energy
b)
Hydroelectric
c)
Nuclear Energy
d)
Biomass
37.
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
a)
Minerals are inorganic solids.
b)
Minerals are inorganic liquids with crystalline structures.
c)
Minerals are have definite compositions.
d)
Minerals are naturally occurring and have definite compositions.
38.
Which of the following statements describes how convection currents work in the mantle?
a)
Magma is heated by the crust and sinks. It then rises back up when it cools off.
b)
Magma is heated by the core and rises. It then cools off and sinks.
c)
Magma is heated by the mantle and rises. It never sinks back down.
d)
Magma is heated by the mantle and rises. It cools off and sinks back down.
39.
Which word describes how a mineral reflects light?
a)
Cleavage
b)
Fracture
c)
Luster
d)
Hardness
40.
Which seismic wave does the most damage?
a)
P Wave
b)
Body Wave
c)
S Wave
d)
Surface Wave
41.
Which of the following is the largest body in our solar system?
a)
Earth
b)
Mars
c)
the Moon
d)
the Sun
42.
The time it takes the Moon to go from a new moon to a full moon and back to a new moon is about
a)
1 day
b)
14 days
c)
28 days
d)
365 days
43.
Which planet orbits the Sun in the least amount of time?
a)
Mercury
b)
Mars
c)
Neptune
d)
Pluto
44.
The Moon revolves around Earth approximately every
a)
15 days
b)
28 days
c)
10 days
d)
7 days
45.
Earth's seasons are caused by the tilt of the
a)
equator
b)
axis
c)
longitudes
d)
latitudes
46.
Which object in the sky emits its own light?
a)
an asteroid
b)
a planet
c)
a star
d)
a moon
47.
Each year Earth revolves once around
a)
Mars
b)
Venus
c)
the Sun
d)
the Moon
48.
Which phase of the moon do we see the moon fully lit?
a)
New Moon
b)
Full Moon
c)
Gibbous Moon
d)
First Quarter Moon
49.
In which phase of the Moon are you not able to see any of the Moon?
a)
New Moon
b)
Gibbous Moon
c)
Last Quarter Moon
d)
Crescent Moon
50.
If the North Pole tilts towards the Sun in June, where would summer be in the world?
a)
the eastern half of the Earth
b)
the western half of the Earth
c)
the northern half of the Earth
d)
the southern half of the Earth
51.
Twenty-four hours is the time it takes for one rotation of
a)
the Sun on its axis
b)
Earth on its axis
c)
the Moon on its axis
d)
the solar system
52.
How long does it take the Moon to show all its phases?
a)
one day
b)
one week
c)
one month
d)
one year
53.
When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun, which season occurs in the Southern Hemisphere?
a)
fall
b)
winter
c)
spring
d)
summer
54.
What keeps the planets in orbit around the Sun?
a)
distance
b)
gravity
c)
shape
d)
light
55.
What causes moonlight?
a)
burning gases on the Moon
b)
heat from Earth
c)
ice on one side of the Moon
d)
reflected light from the Sun
56.
When the Sun shines, the water in puddles slowly disappears. Which BEST tells how the water in the puddles goes away?
a)
Animals drink all the water.
b)
The Sun's heat makes the water freeze.
c)
The Sun's heat makes the water evaporate.
d)
Cars and people splash all the water away.
57.
The letter H is the weather symbol for
a)
hail storms
b)
humidity
c)
hurricanes
d)
high pressure
58.
Which answer BEST explains the results of this experiment?
You put an ice cube in a cup. Place the cup in the sun for two hours.
You put an ice cube in a cup. Place the cup in the sun for two hours.
a)
The ice will melt and some water will evaporate.
b)
All of the water will have evaporated.
c)
None of the water will evaporate.
d)
All the water remains in the cup.
59.
When water mixes with air, it forms water vapor. Air cools and water vapor forms clouds. Which part of the water cycle is being described?
a)
precipitation
b)
condensation
c)
sublimation
d)
evaporation
60.
Which list shows the events from the water cycle in the correct order?
a)
Water evaporates from the ocean, runs off into the ocean, condenses in clouds, then falls as precipitation.
b)
Water evaporates from the ocean, condenses in clouds, falls as precipitation, then runs off into the ocean.
c)
Water condenses in clouds, evaporates from the ocean, falls as precipitation, then runs off into the ocean.
d)
Water runs off into the ocean, falls as precipitation, condenses in clouds, then evaporates from the ocean.
61.
In a novel, the main character talks about walking through “ground level clouds.” Which BEST describes what the character was walking through?
a)
rain
b)
sleet
c)
fog
d)
hail
62.
A large amount of liquid water gains heat and evaporates into the air becoming water vapor. There the water particles lose heat and become a liquid again. Which BEST explains what happens next if the liquid turned into a solid?
a)
The liquid could fall as snow.
b)
It would not fall from the sky.
c)
The liquid would evaporate.
d)
It would rain very hard.
63.
Which instrument gives the MOST information about air pressure?
a)
barometer
b)
rain gauge
c)
thermometer
d)
humidity meter
64.
The water in a dewdrop comes from
a)
melted frost
b)
a light rain
c)
melted snow
d)
water vapor in the air
65.
A WET sponge was put into an empty plastic bucket. A few hours later, the sponge was dry. What probably happened to the water in the sponge?
a)
The water in the sponge went into the air.
b)
The water was still in the sponge but could not be seen or felt.
c)
The water was soaked up by the plastic bucket.
d)
Someone squeezed all of the water out of the sponge.
66.
What causes the grass to get wet on a cool summer night when there is no rain?
a)
Water comes up from the ground.
b)
Water from the air forms droplets on the grass.
c)
Frost on the grass melts.
d)
Clouds during the night make the grass wet.
67.
At 10 a.m. the Sun is shining on a puddle of water on the road. At 2 p.m. the Sun is still shining and the puddle has disappeared. What happened to the water?
a)
It rained.
b)
It condensed.
c)
It evaporated.
d)
It froze.
68.
A student wants to find out how much rain falls in the schoolyard each day during a one-week period. What is the BEST way to do this?
a)
Call the weather bureau each day to find out how much rain fell in the state during that week. Record the amount of rain each day.
b)
Leave a measuring cup out in the schoolyard during school hours. Record how much water is in it at the end of the week.
c)
Leave a measuring cup out in the schoolyard night and day for a week. Record how much water is in it at the end of the week.
d)
Leave a measuring cup out in the schoolyard night and day for a week. Record how much water is in it each day.
69.
Accurate weather forecasts are probably most important to
a)
Truck Drivers
b)
Baseball Players
c)
Police Officers
d)
Airline Pilots
70.
Wind speed can be measured using
a)
an anemometer
b)
a thermometer
c)
a barometer
d)
a spectrometer
71.
Which form of precipitation is frozen rain?
a)
snow
b)
dew
c)
frost
d)
sleet
72.
A glass of cold lemonade was taken from the refrigerator and set on the table. Soon there were little drops of water on the outside of the glass. Where did the water come from?
a)
The water came from the air.
b)
The water came through the glass.
c)
Ice in the glass melted and the lemonade in the glass overflowed.
d)
Nobody knows where the water came from.
73.
How often to Neap tides occur?
a)
Once a month
b)
Twice a month
c)
Once a week
d)
Twice a week
74.
What type of tide is being experienced here?
a)
Neap high tide
b)
Neap low tide
c)
Spring high tide
d)
Spring low tide
75.
What kind of tide is being experienced by the observer?
a)
Neap high tide
b)
Neap low tide
c)
Spring high tide
d)
Spring low tide
76.
What kind of tide is being experience here?
a)
Neap high tide
b)
Neap low tide
c)
Spring high tide
d)
Spring low tide
77.
If this is a Spring low tide where is should the sun be?
a)
Above
b)
Below
c)
To the right
d)
To the left
78.
When do neap tides occur?
a)
When the Sun and moon pull Earth in the same direction
b)
When the sun and moon pull the Earth in opposite directions
c)
When the sun and moon are perpendicular (right angles)
d)
When the tidal bulges are largest
79.
The outermost part of the Sun's atmosphere
a)
Chromosphere
b)
Photosphere
c)
Corona
d)
Core
80.
Energy being transferred by direct contact is
a)
Conduction
b)
Radiation
c)
Convection
d)
Magic
81.
Currents is involved in which of the heating processes?
a)
Conduction
b)
Radiation
c)
Convection
d)
Microwave
82.
While camping you sit by a fire to get warm by what process?
a)
Conduction
b)
Radiation
c)
Convection
d)
Eating Marshmallows
83.
The lower part of the lithosphere is . . .
a)
Crust
b)
Upper Mantle
c)
Lower Mantle
d)
Inner Core
84.
What CAUSES tectonic plates to move?
a)
Earthquakes
b)
Volcanotes
c)
Gravitational force
d)
Magma Currents
85.
Volcanoes are common along
a)
convergent plate boundaries.
b)
divergent plate boundaries.
c)
transform plate boundaries.
d)
two of the above
86.
About 75 percent of the world’s volcanoes are found
a)
around the Atlantic Ocean basin.
b)
along the mid-Atlantic ridge.
c)
around the Pacific Ocean basin.
d)
throughout the American Northwest.
87.
Volcanoes are common along oceanic trenches because this is where
a)
most hotspots are found.
b)
subduction occurs.
c)
new seafloor forms.
d)
none of the above
88.
Which of the following landforms result from volcanic activity?
a)
continental arcs
b)
hotspot islands
c)
island arcs
d)
all of the above
89.
A line of volcanic activity that surrounds the Pacific Ocean basin is the
a)
Ring of Fire
b)
Aleutian Islands
c)
Hawaiian Islands
d)
Caribbean Islands
90.
The eruption of magma from the mantle onto the surface is called a
a)
volcano
b)
fissure
c)
mantle plume
d)
hotspot
91.
An example of islands that formed over a hotspot are the
a)
Aleutian Islands
b)
Hawaiian Islands
92.
The Hawaiian Islands are formed on top of a
a)
hot zone
b)
eruption zone
c)
plate boundary
d)
hot spot
93.
Which statement describes the difference between Earth's crust and mantle?
a)
The crust is much thinner and less dense than the mantle
b)
The crust is much thinner and denser than the mantle
c)
The mantle is much thicker and less dense that the crust
d)
The mantle is much thinner and denser than the crust
94.
Which best describes the composition of the inner core?
a)
Hot and liquid metal
b)
Cool and hard rock
c)
Hot and melted rock
d)
Hot and solid metal
95.
On what layer of Earth are tectonic plates located?
a)
Crust
b)
Inner core
c)
Outer core
d)
Mantle
96.
What is one piece of evidence that Alfred Wegener used to explain his theory of Continental Drift?
a)
The rocks that make up Earth's crust are different on every continent
b)
The same fossils appear on different continents
c)
Lithospheric plates move because of convection currents
d)
The continents were too large to have been created one at a time
97.
What did Wegener observe about the continents that lead to his theory of continental drift?
a)
They were very large
b)
They were part of the earth's crust
c)
They were made up of tectonic plates
d)
They appeared to fit together like puzzle pieces
98.
a)
Land is being create
b)
Land is being destroyed
c)
Land in neither created or destroyed
d)
This is not a real boundary type
99.
a)
Oceanic meets continental crust, where a TRENCH is formed
b)
This is a convergent boundary, where earthquakes the rift valleys form
c)
The is a divergent boundary, where volcanoes and mountain ranges form
d)
This is a transform boundary, where earthquakes happen
100.
The piece of evidence the best supports the modern theory of Plate Tectonics
a)
The Earth is made up of four layers
b)
Volcanoes happen every few years in different parts of the world
c)
Maps of Pangaea have been created
d)
Parts of the sea floor are spreading apart
101.
Which best describes convection currents?
a)
The sun warms the planet, creating dense melted rock that sinks and then rises.
b)
The core melts parts of the mantle. Hot rock rises as its density decreases. When it reaches the top, the rock cools and sinks again.
c)
The core melts parts of the mantle. Hot rock rises as its density increases. When it reaches the top, the rock cools and sinks again.
d)
The core melts the rock in the mantle, causing it to boil and push the heavy rock in a circular flow
102.
Based on the arrows on the picture, in which direction will the plates move?
a)
This is a convergent boundary, so plates will move together
b)
This is a transform boundary, so the plates will move side by side
c)
This is a divergent boundary, so plates will move apart
d)
This is a convergent boundary, so the plates will move side by side
103.
Based on the arrows in the picture
a)
The two plates will smash into each other causing sea floor spreading
b)
The two plates will move side by side, because this is a transform boundary
c)
The two plates will move toward each other, because this is a divergent boundary
d)
The two plates will move toward each other, because this is a convergent boundary
104.
Erosion can
a)
Create mountains
b)
Melt rock
c)
Create sea floor spreading
d)
Make rivers and stream beds deeper
105.
Heat and pressure create
a)
Erosion
b)
Igneous Rock
c)
Sedimentary Rock
d)
Metamorphic rock
106.
When magma cools and hardens, this rock is formed
a)
Igneous rock
b)
Sedimentary rock
c)
Volcanic rock
d)
Metamorphic rock
107.
At a convergent plate boundary, the upper plate folds back and PUSHES UPWARD, creating
a)
Canyons
b)
Faults
c)
Mountains
d)
Rift valleys
108.
At a convergent plate boundary, the upper plate folds back and PUSHES UPWARD, creating
a)
Canyons
b)
Faults
c)
Mountains
d)
Rift valleys
109.
When two tectonic plates are moving away from each other, the boundary between them is called...
a)
Divergent boundary
b)
Convergent boundary
c)
Transform boundary
d)
Subduction
110.
When two tectonic plates are moving toward each other, the boundary between them is called...
a)
Divergent boundary
b)
Convergent boundary
c)
Transform boundary
d)
Subduction
111.
When an oceanic plate is subducted under a continental plate, a deep valley is formed in the ocean. What is this valley called?
a)
a trench
b)
a rift zone
c)
ocean spreading ridge
d)
Continental crust
112.
When a continental plate is pulled away from another continental plate, the area of crust that is thinned and pulled apart is called.
a)
a trench
b)
a rift zone or rift valley
c)
ocean spreading ridge
d)
Continental crust
113.
When convergent plates collide, if both plates are pushed upward, this forms.
a)
Fissures
b)
Mountain Ranges
c)
Volcanoes
d)
Rock Cycle
114.
The movement of the tectonic plates continually creates new rock on the surface of the earth and pulls old rock back into the mantle and recycles it. This process is called...
a)
Fissures
b)
Mountain Ranges
c)
Volcanoes
d)
Rock Cycle
115.
A deep crack in the Earth's crust is called a _______________.
a)
canyon
b)
trench
c)
fault
d)
plate
116.
A series of steps used by scientists to solve a problem or answer a question.
a)
scientific method
b)
recipe
c)
data collection
d)
metric system
117.
Which is NOT a step in the scientific method?
a)
Make observation
b)
Form a theory
c)
Collect data
d)
Form a hypothesis
118.
A possible explanation to a problem that has not yet been tested.
a)
data
b)
theory
c)
hypothesis
d)
fact
119.
A hypothesis is simply a prediction that has not yet been _.
a)
proven or disproven
b)
made into a theory
c)
results calculated
d)
written about
120.
The factors in an experiment that can be changed.
a)
variables
b)
quantitative data
c)
hypothesis
d)
steps
121.
In a controlled experiment, how many variables can be worked with at a time?
a)
one
b)
none
c)
two or more
d)
how ever many makes sense.
122.
This part of the experiment serves as a basis of comparison; the one variable being tested has been omitted.
a)
experimental group
b)
control group
c)
data
d)
variables
123.
This part of the experiment shows the effect of the one variable being tested.
a)
control group
b)
experimental group
c)
quantitative data
d)
hypothesis
124.
This variable in an experiment is the one being deliberately changed by the scientist.
a)
dependent variable
b)
independent variable
c)
data
d)
control group
125.
This variable is the actual data collected during the experiment.
a)
independent variable
b)
dependent variable
c)
control group
d)
data group
126.
Should experiments be repeated over and over to see if the results are the same each time?
a)
yes
b)
no
127.
A broad and comprehensive statement of what is thought to be true; it is supported by much evidence.
a)
hypothesis
b)
theory
c)
guess
d)
fact
128.
A list of the steps anyone could follow to conduct an experiment.
a)
obervations
b)
question/problem
c)
materials
d)
procedures
129.
What step does every scientific experiment begin with?
a)
hypothesis
b)
question/problem
c)
procedures
d)
conclusion
130.
A list of everything you will need to conduct an experiment..
a)
procedures
b)
materials
c)
observations
d)
question/problem
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