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WorksheetsUnit 1: Nature of Science
Total questions: 25
Worksheet time: 21mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Ethan is observing chemical and physical properties of a substance. He heats a substance and observes that the substance turns from a brown solid to a black powder. He refers to several chemistry journals that claim this represents a chemical reaction. From his observation and research, he concludes that the substance goes through a chemical change when heated. How can Ethan best defend his conclusion?
a)
Verify the substance will melt if temp. increases.
b)
Verify the substance is now made up of different molecules.
c)
Verify substance is made up of only one element.
d)
Verify substance is less dense after heated.
2.
1. Ernest Rutherford developed an experiment that showed protons can pass through gold atoms untouched and/or un-deflected. Sometimes the protons were deflected by something, but this did not happen too often. Most of the atoms pass straight through. His experiment changed the way scientists viewed the structure of an atom. What conclusion did Rutherford draw from his experiment?
a)
The gold atoms are not close to each other.
b)
The subatomic particles are very close together.
c)
Inside the gold atom consists of empty spaces.
d)
No conclusion drawn from this observation.
3.
A student want to find out if watering a plant twice a day rather than once a day would affect the plant growth. What is the minimum number of plants required to conduct this experiment in order for it to be a fair test?
a)
One
b)
Three
c)
Seven
d)
It does not matter
4.
This is the variable in an experiment that changes on purpose?
a)
Independent variable
b)
Control variable
c)
Dependent variable
d)
Constant
5.
A student wanted to find out if doing different exercises will have an affect on a person’s pulse. She carried out the experiment on on 7 people, using 7 different types of exercise. She took each participant’s pulse before and after exercising. What is missing/wrong about the experiment?
a)
Nothing is missing.
b)
She did not ask a question.
c)
She should re-do the experiment.
d)
She should have used one person with 7 different types of exercises.
6.
Jenny was conducting an experiment in her science lab and had to mix several chemicals. She wrote down the first three chemicals she added, but she was interrupted and forgot to write down the last two chemicals that were part of a solution. What impact will this have on her results?
a)
Teacher will still value results without her notes.
b)
They still will be valid as long as she gets the expected results.
c)
If her records are not accurate, then her results are reliable.
d)
She cannot repeat the investigation.
7.
A student developed a hypothesis that similar ice cubes will melt faster in a microwave than they would in a pot on the stove. The size of the ice cube and the types of water they were made from were controlled. How should this hypothesis be tested?
a)
Compare the volume of pot and microwave.
b)
Determine the volume of liquid made by each ice cube.
c)
Record the time for each to turn into liquid.
d)
Record the temp before each trial.
8.
A scientist performs an experiment and asks other scientists around the world to replicate it. Why would other scientists most likely try to perform the same experiment?
a)
To see if weather in various regions would affect the results.
b)
To see if the experiment would be less expensive.
c)
Confirm the results.
d)
Verify hypothesis is a law.
9.
Sara waters the plants in her greenhouse once each day. She wants to find out if the plants will grow more leaves if they are watered more often. She counts the number of leaves on each plant before she starts. She then continues to water half of each type of plant once daily, but she water the other half of each type twice a day. What is the independent variable?
a)
Amount of leaves
b)
Plant growth
c)
Greenhouse
d)
Amount of water
10.
Christy wants to find out if the birds that visit the bird feeders in her backyard would rather build nests in birdhouses or in trees. She puts a birdhouse next to the feeder containing sunflower seeds and hangs a feeder containing cracked corn from a tree. She observes the birds’ nesting activities over the next two weeks and records her observations. Which of the following would improve Christy’s investigation?
a)
Put more food in the bird feeders.
b)
Set them up closer to each other.
c)
Use the same kind of food.
d)
Set up a 3rd feeder with fruit.
11.
This the variable in the experiment that is being measured?
a)
Independent variable
b)
Control variable
c)
Dependent variable
d)
Constant
12.
Jonathan’s science teacher is giving a demonstration to show how a metal reacts with different acids. He places a small piece of the metal in each of three beakers containing a solution of a different acid. He adds a piece of the metal to a fourth beaker that contains only water. What is the purpose of the fourth beaker?
a)
Ensure hypothesis is correct.
b)
Provides more data.
c)
Add an independent variable.
d)
It is the control & used for comparison.
13.
Why might a theory or scientific law change after it has reached general acceptance?
a)
Peer review may find fault.
b)
Scientist may be jealous.
c)
New evidence.
d)
Theory or scientific law can never change.
14.
An idea or explanation based on observations and reaches general acceptance?
a)
Dependent variable
b)
Hypothesis
c)
Observation
d)
Theory
15.
The process of using the senses to obtain information?
a)
Dependent variable
b)
Theory
c)
Observation
d)
Hypothesis
16.
A general statement that explains how the natural world behaves under certain conditions, for which no exceptions have been found?
a)
Theory
b)
Independent variable
c)
Scientific Law
d)
Observation.
17.
A a group of students is making paper airplanes. They think that the kind of paper and the design of the airplane may affect how far each paper airplane flies. The students first test if the kind of paper affects how far the airplane flies. They make several airplanes out of different kinds of paper, using the same design. Why is it important that all the airplanes have the same design?
a)
Isolate the effect of design and the effect of the paper.
b)
Learn about the effect of the design.
c)
If they don't use the same design, they can't learn about the effect of the paper.
d)
It's not important for them to have the same design.
18.
A student wants to find out if temperature affects the behavior of goldfish. He has four fish bowls and 20 goldfish. Which of the following experiments should he do?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
19.
A student wants to know if the weight of a cart affects its speed at the bottom of a ramp. He can change the weight of the cart by adding different numbers of balls and he can change the height of the ramp by using different number of blocks. Which set of test should he compare?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
20.
An idea or explanation that is based on observations and that can be test.
a)
theory
b)
scientific law
c)
hypothesis
d)
dependent variable
21.
How is science different from other forms of human endeavor?
a)
Science explains art and history.
b)
Science is no different.
c)
Science explains natural phenomena.
d)
Science is the only one that requires thought.
22.
Students have a small steel ball and a large steel ball, and they have a short ramp and a tall ramp. The students want to find out if the size affects how far it can roll. They do the following experiment. What can they conclude?
a)
The size affects how far it rolls.
b)
Height of the ramp affects how far it rolls.
c)
Size and height affect how far it rolls.
d)
It is not possible to conclude from this experiment.
23.
A group of students uses clay to make boats of different shapes. All the boats they make have the same weight. The students add 4 tablespoons of salt in the water in a tank and mix the water. They place the boats in the tank and see if the boats float or sink.What can the students find out from doing just this experiment?
a)
If shape affects whether the boat floats.
b)
If weight affects whether the boat floats.
c)
If weight and amount of salt affects whether the boat floats.
d)
If shape, weight, and the amound of salt affects whether the boat floats.
24.
A student wants to find out if Bleach X or Bleach Y is better at removing stains. He plans to use two white shirts, stain each of them with mustard, and then wash each of them using bleach. He can change the size of the stain on the shirt and the amount of bleach he adds to the water. Which two tests should the students set up?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
25.
Katarina’s class was studying worm systems. They had two separate, identical worm bins with 1,000 worms in each bin. They want to determine how to best feed the worms. They fed the worms in Bin 1 chunks of fruits and vegetables. For the worms in Bin 2 the class put the fruits and vegetables in a blender before feeding the worms. After a month, Bin 1 contained 947 worms, while Bin 2 contained 1,249 worms. Why did Katarina’s class include two method of feeding in their experiment?
a)
Create a variable test.
b)
Include constants for other variables.
c)
To offer more explanations for the differences.
d)
To ensure at least some of the worms survive.
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