A yes/no question that the speaker suggests should be answered NEGATIVELY starts with the word ___.

A yes/no question that the speaker suggests should be answered POSITIVELY starts with the word ___.

The best way to answer yes/no Latin questions is to turn the question into a statement by removing -ne, nōnne, or num and adding nōn if you need to reply negatively.

Yes/no questions in Latin are best answered with sīc/ita vērō ("yes") or nōn/minimē ("no").

Sīc and ita (vērō), meaning "thus" and "so (truly)," may be used to answered positively but were not common and do NOT mean "yes."

Nōn or haud that mean "not" and minimē that means "leastly" and immō that doesn't translate literally but is similar to "not at all" may all be used to answered negatively, but none of them mean "no."

Estne Caesar Graecus? Estne Italia in Eurōpā?

Estne Caesar Rōmānus? Estne Justin Bieber Rōmānus?

Num Rōma in Graeciā est? Nōnne Tiberis in Italiā est?

Nōnne Cicerō Rōmānus est? Num Rōma est parva?

Other basic question words include: quis (who), cuius (whose), cui (to whom), and quem (whom).

Quis (or quae if feminine) "who" expects an answer in the nominative case, i.e. a subject form of a noun or pronoun (e.g. ea, puella, vir, Marcus, Iūlia, māter)

Quem (or quam, if feminine) "whom" expects an answer in the accusative case, i.e. a direct object form of a noun or pronoun (e.g. mē, fēminam, puerum, patrem, Dāvum, Syram)

Cuius "whose" or "of whom" expects an answer in the genitive case, i.e. a possessive form similar to "Bob's" or "of Bob" (e.g. eius, puellae, puerī, mātris, Aemiliae, Marcī)

Cui "to/for whom" expects an answer in the dative, i.e. an indirect object or a noun or pronoun object of "to/for" (e.g. mihi, ancillae, servō, Cornēliō, Dēliae, mātrī)

Marcum Quintus videt. Quis eum videt?

Dēlia Iūliam vocat. Quis eam vocat?

Aemilia puerum interrogat. Quis eum interrogat?

Iūlius Mēdum audit. Quis eum audit?

Marcum Quintus videt. Quem videt?

Dēlia Iūliam vocat. Quam vocat?

Marcus Iūliam pulsat, et Quintus Marcum pulsat. Quis eum pulsat?

Marcus Iūliam pulsat, et Quintus Marcum pulsat. Quis eam pulsat?

Aemilia et Iūlius Dēliam vocant, sed Syram nōn vocant. Quam vocant?

Syra et Dēlia Iūlium, nōn Aemiliam, vident. Quem vident?

Syra Iūlium audit, sed Dēlia Aemiliam audit. Quae eum audit?

Sacculus Dāvī est vacuus. In sacculō Iūliī sunt decem nummī, et in sacculō Mēdī sunt nōnāgintā. Cuius sacculus vacuus est?

Sacculus Dāvī est vacuus. In sacculō Iūliī sunt decem nummī, et in sacculō Mēdī sunt nōnāgintā. Cuius sacculus decem nummōs habet?

Sacculus Dāvī est vacuus. In sacculō Iūliī sunt decem nummī, et in sacculō Mēdī sunt nōnāgintā. In cuius sacculō sunt nōnāgintā nummī?

Iūlia rosās mātrī Aemiliae monstrat. Cui monstrat rosās?

Iūlius ūnum nummum servō Dāvō monstrat. Cui nummum monstrat?

Patrī Iūliō Marcus fābulam narrat. Cui narrat fābulam?

Cūr means "why" and cūr questions are often best answered in Latin with a clause beginning with quia/quod/nam which all mean "because" or "since."

Quōmodo means "how" or "in what way", so these questions are best answered with an adverb (e.g. bene, male, celeriter: well, badly, quickly) or an adverbial phrase (e.g. cum sapientiā, magnā vī: with wisdom, with great power)

Marcus Iūliam pulsat. Cūr īrāta est Aemilia?

Marcus celeriter venit, quia pater eum vocat. Quōmodo venit Marcus?

Aemilia Marcum verberat. Cūr nōn laeta est Iūlia?

Quintus patrem magnā cum vōce vocat. Quōmodo patrem Quintus vocat?

Quī (masculine) and quae (feminine and neuter) are plural "who", and begin questions that expect a plural nominative or subject form (nōs "we", ancillae, servī, oppida).

Quōs (masculine), quās (feminine), and quae (neuter) are plural "whom" or "which" and expect plural accusative or direct object answers (e.g. vōs "you (pl.), puellās, puerōs, vocābula).

Pater et māter veniunt, sed līberī discēdunt. Quī veniunt, et quī discēdunt?

Ancillae adsunt; Aemilia et Iūlia absunt. Quae adsunt et absunt?

Brundisium et Arīminum sunt oppida Rōmāna, sed Sparta et Delphī sunt oppida Graeca. Quae sunt in Graeciā?

Brundisium et Arīminum sunt oppida Rōmāna, sed Sparta et Delphī sunt oppida Graeca. Quae sunt in Italiā?

Puerōs audiunt, sed puellās vident. Quōs audiunt?

Puerōs audiunt, sed puellās vident. Quās vident?

Vocābula, nōn bacula, in librō Quintus videt. Quae Quintus in librō videt?

Questions that start with unde meaning "from where" or "whence" are typically answered with dē, ā/ab, or ē/ex + noun/pronoun in the ablative case (e.g. dē arbore "down from the tree", ā mensā "from the table", ...)

When an unde ("from where") question must be answered "from Rome" or from another town, then the town's name is answered in the ablative without a preposition (e.g. Rōmā "from Rome", Brundisiō "from Brundisium", ...)

Questions that start with quō meaning "to where" or "whither" are typically answered with ad or in + noun/pronoun in the accusative case (e.g. ad arborem "to/towards the tree", in mensam "to/into the table", ...)

When a quō ("to where") question must be answered "to Rome" or to another town, then the town's name is answered in the accusative without a preposition (e.g. Rōmam "to Rome", Brundisium "to Brundisium", ...)

Questions that start with ubi ("where" or "in/at what place") are usually answered with a prepositional phrase showing placement (e.g. prope iānuam "near the door", in Italiā "in Italy", sub arbore "under the tree").

When an ubi ("where" or "at what place") question must be answered "at Rome" or at another town, then the town's name is answered in the locative case without a preposition.

The locative case looks like ____ in singular and plural forms except that the 2nd declension singular locative looks like a singular genitive (e.g. Rōmae "at Rome", Brundisiī "at Brundisium", Delphīs "at Delphi").

Dāvus Tusculī, nōn Arīminī, est, sed Mēdus Brundisiō Rōmam it. Ubi est Dāvus?

Dāvus Tusculī, nōn Arīminī, est, sed Mēdus Brundisiō Rōmam it. Quō it Mēdus?

Dāvus Tusculī, nōn Arīminī, est, sed Mēdus Brundisiō Rōmam it. Unde it Mēdus?

Questions may start with a preposition followed by an interrogative pronoun in the accusative case, if appropriate (e.g. per quid "through what", circum quem "around whom", prope quās "near whom/which").

To answer a question that starts with a preposition and an accusative interrogative, use the same preposition and an accusative object (e.g. ante servum, circum oppidum,...), but to say "to Rome" or another town just use the accusative without a preposition.

Questions may start with a preposition followed by an interrogative pronoun in the ablative case, if appropriate (e.g. with quō "with what/whom", sine quā "without whom/which", in quibus "in/on which/whom").

To answer a question that starts with a preposition and an ablative interrogative, use the same preposition and an ablative object (e.g. ex hortō, in sacculīs, ...), but to say "from Rome" or another town, use the ablative with no preposition.

Per viam servī dominum portant. Per quid dominum portant?

Ante dominum Dāvus ambulat, post eum Ursus. Post quem Ursus ambulat?

Circum oppida sunt mūrī. Circum quae sunt mūrī?

Vir Brundisiō Rōmam venit. Ā quō oppidō vir venit?

Iūlius cum Aemiliā et līberīs habitat. Cum quibus habitat Iūlius?

Nummōs ā mensā Dāvus sūmit, sed aquam ex impluviō. Unde* nummōs Dāvus sūmit? *unde=ā quō locō (from what place)

Quōrum (masculine & neuter plural) and quārum (feminine plural) meaning "whose" or "of whom/which" are best answered with a plural genitive or possessive form (e.g. eōrum, ancillārum, parentum, fīliōrum).

Quibus (masculine, feminine, & neuter plural) meaning "to/for whom/which" is best answered with a dative plural (e.g. nōbīs "to/for us", puellīs, līberīs, mātribus)

Ecce bacula Iūliī et Cornēliī, et sacculī Mēdī et Dāvī. Quōrum bacula sunt?

Ecce bacula Iūliī et Cornēliī, et sacculī Mēdī et Dāvī. Quōrum sacculī sunt?

Litterae paginārum sunt centum. Vocābula capitulōrum sunt mille*. (* mille=1000) Quōrum vocābula sunt mille?

Litterae paginārum sunt centum. Vocābula capitulōrum sunt mille*. (* mille=1000) Quārum litterae sunt centum?

Dāvus dominō et dominae sacculum vacuum monstrat. Quibus Dāvus sacculum monstrat?

Iūlia rosās puerīs et matrī monstrat. Quibus rosās Iūlia monstrat?

Questions in Latin must be answered in the correct grammatical form or the answer makes no sense.

Vir Brundisiō Rōmam venit. Ad quod oppidum vir venit?