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WorksheetsDNA Replication and Protein Synthesis
Total questions: 25
Worksheet time: 17mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
In the diagram strand I and II represent portions of DNA molecule. Strand II would normally include...
a)
AGC
b)
TCG
c)
TAC
d)
GAT
2.
The instructions for the traits of an organism are coded in the arrangement of
a)
glucose units in carbohydrates
b)
bases in DNA in the nucleus
c)
fat molecules in the cell membrane
d)
energy-rich bonds in starch molecules
3.
What determines the kind of genes an organism possesses?
a)
Type of amino acids in the cell of the organism
b)
sequence of subunits A,T,C, and G in the DNA of the organism
c)
size of single sugar molecules in the organs of the organism
d)
shape of the protein molecules in the organelles of the organism
4.
The genetic code of a DNA molecule is determined by a specific sequence of
a)
ATP molecules
b)
sugar molecules
c)
chemical bonds
d)
molecular bases
5.
In DNA, a sequence of three bases is a code for the placement of a certain amino acid in a protein chain. The table below shows some amino acids with their abbreviations and DNA codes. Which acid chain would be produced by the DNA base sequence below:
C-A-A-G-T-T-A-A-A-T-T-A-T-T-G-T-G-A
C-A-A-G-T-T-A-A-A-T-T-A-T-T-G-T-G-A
a)
VAL-GLU-PHE-ASP-THR-ASP
b)
VAL-PRO-PHE-ASP-ASP-THR
c)
VAL-GLU-PHE-ASP-ASP-THR
d)
VAL-GLU-PHE-THR-ASP-ASP
6.
Which statement best describes a chromosome?
a)
It is a gene that has thousands of different forms.
b)
It has genetic information contained in DNA
c)
It is a reproductive cell that influences more than one trait
d)
It contains hundreds of genetically identical DNA molecules
7.
Diagram represents a portion of DNA molecule. The letters represent different types of
a)
sugar molecules
b)
molecular bases
c)
enzymes
d)
proteins
8.
Four different segments of a DNA molecule are represented below. There is an error in the DNA molecule in
a)
Segment 1 only
b)
segment 3 only
c)
Segment 2 and 3
d)
segment 2 and 4
9.
Genes for medically important proteins can be cloned and inserted into bacteria. Why can bacteria recognize a human gene and then produce a human protein?
a)
DNA replication in bacteria and humans is the same
b)
Bacterial cells contain the same organelles as human cells
c)
The basic components of DNA are the same in humans and bacteria
d)
bacterial cells and human cells contain the same kind of chromosomes
10.
The role of a master plan in a building is similar to the role of which molecule?
a)
mRNA
b)
DNA
c)
tRNA
d)
rRNA
11.
A base that is present in RNA but not in DNA is
a)
Thymine
b)
Uracil
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
12.
The nucleic acid responsible for bringing individual amino acids to the ribosome is
a)
tRNA
b)
DNA
c)
mRNA
d)
rRNA
13.
A codon typically carries sufficient information to specify a(an)
a)
single base pair in RNA
b)
single Amino Acid
c)
entire protein
d)
single base pair in DNA
14.
DNA has undergone a mutation the original sequence was ACG and the new sequence is ACA. Use the codon chart to determine if the mutation had an affect on the protein.
a)
yes, the phenotype of the organism would change because a new amino acid will be coded for.
b)
yes, the phenotype of the organism will change becaue any chane in the DNA sequence will cause a change in the phenotype
c)
Even though the DNA sequence changed, the codon still codes for the same amino acid, so no change.
d)
It is impossible to determine
15.
A scientist puts nucleotide chains of UUUUUU in a test tube under conditions allowing for protein synthesis. Soon the test tube is full of poloypeptide chains composed of only one amino acid, phenylalanine. What does the experiment indicate?
a)
The amino acid phenylalnine is composed of uracil
b)
UUU codes for the amino acid phenylalanine
c)
Protein synthesis malfunctions in test tubes
d)
Most proteins contain only one type of amino acid
16.
A diagram of a cellular process is shown below. Which of the following identifies the process for Y?
a)
translation
b)
transcription
c)
replication
d)
translocation
17.
Which of the following carries amino acids to the site of protein synthesis
a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
nRNA
18.
Which choice describes DNA after replication has taken place
a)
one molecule with two original strands and one molecule with two new strands
b)
two molecules, each with one original and one new strand
c)
two molecules, each with two new strands
d)
two molecules, each with two old strands
19.
At what point in the cell cycle does DNA replication take place and why
a)
before the cell divides to provide each of the two resulting cells with a complete set of DNA instructions
b)
before the cell divides, to insure that the DNA will fit into the resulting cells
c)
during cell division, to ensure that the DNA will fit into the resulting cells
d)
after the cell divides, to provide each of the two resulting cells with a complete set of DNA instructions
20.
The sequence of DNA below is part of a gene. How many amino acids are coded for by this segment?
5' ATCAGCGCTGGC 3'
5' ATCAGCGCTGGC 3'
a)
4
b)
8
c)
12
d)
20
21.
Which of the following would most likely cause a mutation?
a)
the placement of ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum
b)
the insertion of a nucleotide into DNA
c)
the movement of tRNA out of the nucleus
d)
the release of mRNA from DNA
22.
If 20% of a DNA sequence is thymine, T, what percentage of the sample is made up of cytosine, C?
a)
15%
b)
30%
c)
35%
d)
50%
23.
What is the relationship between DNA and protein in a cell?
a)
DNA is made up of protein that are synthesized in a cell
b)
Protein is composed of DNA that is stored in the cell
c)
DNA controls the production of protein in the cell
d)
The cell is only composed of DNA and Proteins
24.
The individuality of an organism is determined by the
a)
sequence of the nitrogenous bases in deoxyribonucleic acid
b)
number of amino acids in a cell
c)
psotion of the ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum
d)
number of nitrogenous bases in a codon
25.
A medical test indicates that a patient has a defective protein. This condition is most likely due to a change in the directions coded in the
a)
number of nitrogenous bases
b)
number of phosphate sugar molecules
c)
sequence of sugar molecules
d)
sequence of subunits of DNA
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