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Evolution Post-Test

Total questions: 20

Worksheet time: 19mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
How can Darwin's theory of evolution explain the necks in giraffes?
a)
A. Giraffes have always had long necks
b)
B. Giraffes must have bred with another species to acquire the long neck
c)
C. Giraffes needed to have long necks so they developed this acquired trait
d)
D. Giraffes with long necks were more likely to survive and pass on the gene
2.
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are causing an increase in deaths in modern society because:
a)
A. The world is a dirtier place than years ago
b)
B. The most "fit" bacteria are resistant to present day antibiotics and reproduce
c)
C. The lysosomes inside the bacteria break down antibiotics much faster now
d)
D. The bacteria are outsmarting scientists and have learned to work together
3.
If newly inherited genes provide better adaptation to the environment, what would happen to the trait over time?
a)
A. The trait being inherited would disappear
b)
B. The inherited trait would be more common in the population
c)
C. No change in the population would occur
d)
D. The trait would be less common in the population
4.
What organisms share the most recent common ancestor?
a)
A. Hamster and Chimpanzee
b)
B. Salmon and Hamster
c)
C. Salamander and Salmon
d)
D. Chimpanzee and Salmon
5.
The dotted line shows the original population of birds w/ different beak sizes in a population. Which of the following is true?
a)
A. The medium beak is an advantage
b)
B. The medium beak is at a disadvantage
c)
C. The small beak is at a disadvantage
d)
D. All types of beaks have an equal advantage
6.
The more closely related two organisms are the…
a)
Greater the similarity in their DNA sequences
b)
Lesser the similarity in their amino acid sequences
c)
Greater occurrence of analogous structures 
d)
Greater the differences in the DNA sequences
7.
The similarity of the structures shown in the picture suggests that the organisms:
a)
Have a common ancestor
b)
Evolved slowly
c)
All grew at different rates
d)
Live for a long time
8.
The similar structures shown in the picture are called:
a)
Vestigial Structures
b)
Homologous Structures
c)
Derived characteristics
d)
Common ancestors
9.
humans, the pelvis and femur, or thigh bone, are involved in walking. In whales, the pelvis and femur shown are:
a)
Examples of fossils
b)
Vestigial structures
c)
Acquired traits
d)
Examples of natural variation
10.
When organisms are said to be “related,” which type of evidence would best to determine the relationship?
a)
Types of cells they are made of
b)
Where the organisms came from
c)
The food they consume
d)
The amino acids created from DNA
11.

How would you best describe the effects of natural selection on the bird population?

a)

Increase in beak size

b)

Decrease in beak size

c)

The small beak size has an advantage

d)

Smallest & Largest beak have an advantage

12.
If newly inherited genes provide better adaptations to the environment, what would happen to the trait over time?
a)
Trait would disappear
b)
Trait would become more common
c)
No change in population
d)
Trait would be less common
13.

A population of mountain plants suffered a wildfire, leaving only a few isolated plants to survive. What type of genetic drift or evolution will this population go through?

a)

Macroevolution

b)

Bottleneck Effect

c)

Founder's Effect

d)

Natural Selection

14.

A population of finches that live on a large island becomes two separate islands with different environmental conditions. What would you expect to happen after several generations?

a)

Nothing will change

b)

Speciation will occur

c)

Competition will not change

d)

Natural Selection will stop

15.
How does sexual reproduction speed up the process of evolution?
a)
It occurs more rapidly than asexual reproduction
b)
It produces offspring identical to their parents
c)
It increases genetic variety
d)
It decreases genetic variety
16.

What is the main driving force of natural selection?

a)

Competition between organisms in the same population for limited resources

b)

Whether your environment is hot or cold

c)

Having long or short beaks

d)

Whether or not an organism can reproduce

17.

An organism that is more biologically fit...

a)

Is bigger and healthier

b)

Has more offspring

c)

Can run faster

d)

Is stronger

18.

Which group of wild cats will most likely undergo speciation and why?

a)

C - because of behavioral isolation

b)

D - because of temporal isolation

c)

A - because of geographic isolation

d)

B - because of temporal isolation

19.

When two organisms that once had a common ancestor are no longer able to reproduce and have fertile offspring together (become two new species)

a)

Evolution

b)

Speciation

c)

Natural Selection

d)

Competition

20.

The slow changes that occur in a species over time because of survival of the fittest is known as...

a)

Evolution

b)

Competition

c)

Bottleneck Effect

d)

Natural Selection

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