Worksheets8th Science MAAP Review
Total questions: 247
Worksheet time: 47hrs 43mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Based only upon the data of this jet stream, which kind of weather is expected in the Great Plains area?
a)
Warm
b)
Cold
c)
Wet
d)
Dry
2.
The following cross shows two people who are not affected by sickle cell anemia but who carry one mutated gene for the disorder. In this cross, R is the gene for a normal red blood cell, whiler is the sickle cell mutated gene.
What is the chance that an offspring from this cross will only be a carrier of sickle cell anemia?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
3.
Yolanda learned the following about acids:
• They are made of elements from the periodic table.
• Most contain hydrogen.
• Very reactive elements tend to form stronger bonds.
• In general, the weaker the bond between hydrogen and another element in an acid, the stronger the acid will be.
Yolanda then studied the elements in group 17 of the periodic table.
Based on what Yolanda learned, which acid formed from an element in group 17 is weakest?
• They are made of elements from the periodic table.
• Most contain hydrogen.
• Very reactive elements tend to form stronger bonds.
• In general, the weaker the bond between hydrogen and another element in an acid, the stronger the acid will be.
Yolanda then studied the elements in group 17 of the periodic table.
Based on what Yolanda learned, which acid formed from an element in group 17 is weakest?
a)
HF
b)
HCL
c)
HBr
d)
HI
4.
The diagram shows the relative positions of Earth and the sun at a particular time of year.Which of these describes the length of day and night in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres at this time of year?
a)
Both hemispheres: Days are longer than nights.
b)
Both hemispheres: Days are shorter than nights.
c)
Northern Hemisphere: Days are shorter than nights.Southern Hemisphere: Days are longer than nights.
d)
Northern Hemisphere: Days are longer than nights.Southern Hemisphere: Days are shorter than nights.
5.
Which table shows adaptations that allow organisms to survive in a marshy wetland environment?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
6.
The diagram shows a food web for a Mississippi forest floor. How would the disappearance of dead leaves from the forest floor effect spiders?
a)
Their population would decrease because they would have fewer dead leaves to eat.
b)
Their population would increase because they do not depend directly on dead leaves for energy.
c)
Their population would decrease because they eat animals that depend on dead leaves for energy.
d)
Their population would increase because they could eat more centipedes that do not eat dead leaves either.
7.
The graph shows the position of a cart along a motorized rail. If the cart continues to move at this rate,what will be its distance after 8 minutes?
a)
80 meters
b)
85 meters
c)
95 meters
d)
100 meters
8.
The diagram shows a food web for a Mississippi forest ecosystem.
A virus reduces the number of rabbits in the ecosystem.
Which statement describes the impact of the reduction on other organisms in the ecosystem?
A virus reduces the number of rabbits in the ecosystem.
Which statement describes the impact of the reduction on other organisms in the ecosystem?
a)
The leafy weeds population will increase due to reduced feeding pressure from reducednumbers of rabbits.
b)
The bobcat population will increase due to the reduced number of animals that prey uponthe bobcats.
c)
The loss of the rabbit population will cause the bobcat population to change its diet to include blackberry.
d)
The loss of the rabbit population will cause the white-tail deer population to decreasesince its main source of energy is gone.
9.
Some people created a water pond on their property. The following diagram shows the foodweb for this pond.
The owners of the property sprayed insecticide that destroyed the mosquito eggs.
How will this affect the flow of energy in the food web?
The owners of the property sprayed insecticide that destroyed the mosquito eggs.
How will this affect the flow of energy in the food web?
a)
Without mosquitoes available as a food source, less energy will be available to the frogs.
b)
Without mosquitoes available as a food source, less energy will be available to the phytoplankton.
c)
Without competition from mosquitoes, more energy will be available to the frogs.
d)
Without competition from mosquitoes, other insects will move into the pond area to prey upon the frogs.
10.
Data about some stars in our galaxy are listed in the following table.
Based on the data, what is the approximate age of our galaxy?
Based on the data, what is the approximate age of our galaxy?
a)
14 million years
b)
400 million years
c)
4 billion years
d)
14 billion years
11.
Which type of electromagnetic wave has a wavelength longer than that of yellow light?
a)
Infrared Radiation
b)
UV Rays
c)
X-rays
d)
Gamma Rays
12.
In pea plants, round peas (R) are dominant to wrinkled peas (r). The following table shows five possible crosses for round and wrinkled peas.
Two pea plants produce an offspring with a genotype of Rr.
Which three numbers from the table represent possible parents of pea plant Rr?
Two pea plants produce an offspring with a genotype of Rr.
Which three numbers from the table represent possible parents of pea plant Rr?
a)
1 or 2 or 3
b)
2 or 3 or 4
c)
X-3 or 4 or 5rays
d)
4 or 5 or 1
13.
Some bacteria are mixed with milk to make yogurt. These bacteria change the lactose in the milk into glucose, which then ferments into lactic acid. The lactic acid causes the protein in the milk to stick together, creating the gelatinous yogurt. The graph shows the relative lactic acid production of different bacteria.
Which of these is a logical conclusion based on the data?
Which of these is a logical conclusion based on the data?
a)
Bacterium 2 makes glucose but not lactic acid and, therefore, should not be used in making yogurt.
b)
Bacterium 3 is least effective at changing lactic acid into glucose and, therefore, should notbe used in making yogurt.
c)
Bacteria 1 & 2 combine to make the largest amount of lactic acid and, therefore, would be most effective at making yogurt.
d)
Bacteria 1 & 3 combine to be most effective at breaking down the glucose needed to make yogurt.
14.
a)
F
b)
G
c)
H
d)
J
15.
Dunia and Shane are studying the cold, snowy taiga biome for a science assignment. They learn that many of the trees in the taiga forests have long, thin needles that remain on the trees all year long. The following table shows Shane’s beliefs about why needles allow trees to survive in the taiga.
Which explanations should Dunia include in their final paper?
Which explanations should Dunia include in their final paper?
a)
1 and 2
b)
1, 3, and 4
c)
2, 3, and 4
d)
3 and 4
16.
The maps show a front as it moves east across the United States.
Which of these describes the weather change that can be expected for Amarillo, Texas?
Which of these describes the weather change that can be expected for Amarillo, Texas?
a)
The cold front will bring cooler temperatures and snow.
b)
The cold front will bring cooler temperatures with thunderstorms and rain.
c)
The warm front will bring warmer temperatures with hot air for several days.
d)
The warm front will bring warmer temperatures with light rain for a few days.
17.
Dee reviewed the data for this hurricane.She replicated the pressure system of the hurricane and its effect on wind speed.The following diagram shows her setup.
Each time Dee pushed downward on the lever, the wind speed within the cylinder decreased. Dee concluded that the greater the air pressure within a hurricane, the lower the hurricane’s wind speed.
Which of these is a logical defense forDee’s conclusion?
Each time Dee pushed downward on the lever, the wind speed within the cylinder decreased. Dee concluded that the greater the air pressure within a hurricane, the lower the hurricane’s wind speed.
Which of these is a logical defense forDee’s conclusion?
a)
Her investigation proves that both high and low pressure systems create hurricanes.
b)
Her investigation supports the relationship between air pressure and wind speed found in the hurricane data.
c)
Her investigation proves that reducing wind speed within a hurricane will increase the air pressure of the hurricane.
d)
Her investigation supports the relationship between hurricane position and air pressure found in the hurricane data.
18.
During which season does sunlight strike the Northern Hemisphere as shown?
a)
Spring
b)
Summer
c)
Fall
d)
Winter
19.
The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale describes the type of damage caused by the wind speed of a hurricane.
Which of these describes the building damage that some areas of Mississippi will experience from this hurricane based on the hurricane data?
Which of these describes the building damage that some areas of Mississippi will experience from this hurricane based on the hurricane data?
a)
No real damage to buildings.
b)
Some damage to building roofs, doors, and windows.
c)
Some structural damage to the roofs on small residences.
d)
Complete roof failure on many residences and industrial buildings.
20.
Scientists discovered that some bacteria can be used to clean up oil spills. The following graph shows the results of a study where the oil-cleaning abilities of two groups of bacteria were compared.
Which conclusion can be made from these data?
Which conclusion can be made from these data?
a)
Fertilizers eliminate the bacteria and increase the absorption of oil.
b)
Fertilizers do not affect the bacteria or the amount of oil that is cleaned up.
c)
Fertilizers increase both the metabolic activity of the bacteria and the amount of oil that is cleaned up.
d)
Fertilizers decrease both the metabolic activity of the bacteria and the amount of oil that is cleaned up.
21.
The Punnett square, in which (Y) are yellow flowers and (y) are purple flowers, is incomplete.
Which genotype should replace the question mark?
Which genotype should replace the question mark?
a)
Y
b)
YY
c)
Yy
d)
yy
22.
Tetanus is a disease caused by a certain type of bacteria. It can be prevented by a vaccine. The following graph shows changing rates of tetanus in the United States.
Which of these is a logical summary for the data in the graph?
Which of these is a logical summary for the data in the graph?
a)
Quantitative data indicating that people will develop immunity to the bacteria
b)
Qualitative data indicating that the bacteria that cause tetanus are now extinct
c)
Qualitative data indicating that tetanus has become more deadly over the past 100 years
d)
Quantitative data indicating that routine vaccination resulted in a decline in the number of cases
23.
The map shows the location of a hurricane in the Atlantic Ocean at 72°W longitude and 29°N latitude.
The hurricane has been moving toward the northwest at a rate of 30 miles per hour.
Which statement describes the likelihood of landfall of the hurricane?
The hurricane has been moving toward the northwest at a rate of 30 miles per hour.
Which statement describes the likelihood of landfall of the hurricane?
a)
The trade winds will blow the hurricane to the Atlantic Coast.
b)
The warm ocean currents will carry the hurricane to the Yucatan Peninsula.
c)
The rotation of Earth will cause the hurricane to hit the land along the Gulf Coast.
d)
The cold arctic air will force the hurricane to the southeast area of the Atlantic Ocean.
24.
In humans, earlobes can be considered attached or unattached. The following list describes earlobe type:
• Attached earlobe: bottom portion of earlobe is attached directly to head
• Unattached earlobe: bottom portion of earlobe slopes upward before attaching to head
Unattached earlobes (E) are dominant to attached earlobes (e). The following family pedigree shows which individuals have unattached or attached earlobes.
Family members 4 and 5 in Generation II are expecting twins.
Which of these summarizes gender and earlobe appearance of these two offspring?
• Attached earlobe: bottom portion of earlobe is attached directly to head
• Unattached earlobe: bottom portion of earlobe slopes upward before attaching to head
Unattached earlobes (E) are dominant to attached earlobes (e). The following family pedigree shows which individuals have unattached or attached earlobes.
Family members 4 and 5 in Generation II are expecting twins.
Which of these summarizes gender and earlobe appearance of these two offspring?
a)
The offspring both will be male with attached earlobes.
b)
The offspring both will be female with unattached earlobes.
c)
The gender of the offspring is unknown, and both will have attached earlobes.
d)
The gender of the offspring is unknown; one will have attached earlobes, and the otherwill have unattached earlobes.
25.
Which source of energy is nonrenewable?
a)
Wind
b)
Nuclear
c)
Geothermal
d)
Hydroelectric
26.
What happens during cellular respiration?
a)
Organisms change nitrogen into a form usable by living things.
b)
Organisms use carbon dioxide, water,and sunlight to make food.
c)
Organisms use oxygen to get energy from food, some of which is released as heat.
d)
Organisms use nitrogen to produce energy, which is transferred along a food chain.
27.
The equation shows photosynthesis in plants.
6CO2 + 6H2O→C6H12O6 + 6O2
Which of these products are made as a result of photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O→C6H12O6 + 6O2
Which of these products are made as a result of photosynthesis?
a)
Water and oxygen
b)
Glucose and oxygen
c)
Carbon dioxide and water
d)
Glucose and carbon dioxide
28.
According to Newton’s second law of motion, in which of these situations is the object accelerating?
a)
A book on a shelf
b)
A rock sitting on the ground
c)
A helium balloon tied to a lamp post
d)
A ball that has been thrown upward
29.
Research indicates that galaxies are moving away from Earth.
Which method allows astronomers to determine this movement?
Which method allows astronomers to determine this movement?
a)
Observing these galaxies with a telescope
b)
Listening to the radio waves that these galaxies emit
c)
Detecting the kind of particles that these galaxies emit
d)
Measuring the wavelengths of radiation from these galaxies
30.
Tasha is studying polar and tropical climates on Earth. She learned the following:
• Tropical climates: Summer and winter temperatures are similar.
• Polar climates: Summer temperature is much higher than winter temperature.
Tasha wonders why the tropical climate has the same temperature year round, but the polar climate temperature differs greatly.
Which of these explains the reason for this difference?
• Tropical climates: Summer and winter temperatures are similar.
• Polar climates: Summer temperature is much higher than winter temperature.
Tasha wonders why the tropical climate has the same temperature year round, but the polar climate temperature differs greatly.
Which of these explains the reason for this difference?
a)
More clouds block direct sunlight from reaching the polar surface during the winter months.
b)
Most regions with subtropical climates are located near large bodies of water that make the climate more even.
c)
The subtropical regions have longer days and shorter nights than polar regions, so they receive more solar energy.
d)
The axis of Earth causes the polar regions to be tilted either toward or away from direct sunlight, depending on the time of year.
31.
How do the functions of the nucleus differ from those of the cell membrane?
a)
The nucleus converts food energy, while the cell membrane stores minerals and wastes.
b)
The nucleus controls the activities of the cell, while the cell membrane controls what enters and exits the cell.
c)
The nucleus provides support, while the cell membrane converts carbondioxide and water into food.
d)
The nucleus stores food and water,while the cell membrane stores chemicals used by the cell for photosynthesis.
32.
Lisa learned that there may be a link between global warming and stronger hurricanes. She decided to follow these guidelines in order to reduce levels of carbon dioxide (CO2).
• Walk more.
• Use recycled paper.
• Use energy-efficient appliances.
• Use fluorescent bulbs instead of incandescent bulbs.
Which statement logically explains whether these methods are useful in decreasing global warming?
• Walk more.
• Use recycled paper.
• Use energy-efficient appliances.
• Use fluorescent bulbs instead of incandescent bulbs.
Which statement logically explains whether these methods are useful in decreasing global warming?
a)
These methods are not useful because they all release CO2 into the atmosphere.
b)
These methods are not useful because they all release heat energy into the atmosphere.
c)
These methods are useful because they all reduce the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere.
d)
These methods are useful becausethey all reduce the use of renewable energy sources instead of fossil fuels.
33.
Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is a type of photosynthesis. A plant using CAM takes in carbon dioxide (CO2) at nighttime, when it is cooler. The plant changes the CO2 into an acid. During the daytime, the plant changes the acid into carbohydrates, without losing water to the warm air.
In which environment are such plants best adapted for survival?
In which environment are such plants best adapted for survival?
a)
Low-altitude, because the air pressure is greater closer to sea level
b)
Desert, because plants living in the desert have little water available
c)
High-altitude, because the night air iscooler in alpine zones of mountains
d)
Aquatic, because plants living in water need more carbohydrates to avoid drowning
34.
A probe traveling through outer space is moving at a constant velocity.
Which statement applies to the motion of this probe?
Which statement applies to the motion of this probe?
a)
An unbalanced force is acting on the probe, causing it to accelerate.
b)
The probe will undergo constant acceleration until a force acts on it.
c)
The probe will continue on its current path until an unbalanced force acts on it.
d)
The force that makes the probe move through space is equal to its mass divided by its velocity.
35.
Based on the hurricane data, which of these is a cause-and-effect relationship of hurricane factors?
a)
An increase in air pressure causes the hurricane’s wind speed to decrease.
b)
A decrease in wind speed causes a decrease in the hurricane’s longitude.
c)
An increase in air pressure causesan increase in the hurricane’s wind speed.
d)
A decrease in the hurricane’s latitude causes the hurricane’s longitude to decrease.
36.
Which list shows the path of electricity from a local power substation to a lamp in a home?
a)
Substation→transformer→ junction box→outlet→electric circuit of lamp
b)
Substation→outlet→junction box→transformer→electric circuit of lamp
c)
Substation→junction box→transformer→outlet→ transformer→electric circuit of lamp
d)
Substation→transformer→ junction box→ outlet→transformer→ electric circuit of lamp
37.
Which of these kinds of tissue covers the outer surface of the human body?
a)
Epithelial
b)
Muscle
c)
Blood
d)
Bone
38.
Matt is allergic to mold.
Which of these describes how mold affects Matt?
Which of these describes how mold affects Matt?
a)
Matt inhales mold spores that irritate respiratory tissue, causing him to sneeze.
b)
Matt eats food made from mold,causing an ulcer to develop in his stomach.
c)
Matt touches mold that burrows intohis skin, causing swelling and a rash.
d)
Wind blows the mold in Matt’s eyes,causing blurry vision.
39.
Lexa has the following symptoms of a cold:
• Coughing
• Sneezing
• Headache
• Sore throat
Which describes how Lexa contracted this cold?
• Coughing
• Sneezing
• Headache
• Sore throat
Which describes how Lexa contracted this cold?
a)
Lexa ate food with a fungus in it, which traveled to major organs in her body.
b)
Lexa inhaled a virus, which traveled to respiratory tissue and interfered with normal breathing function.
c)
Lexa walked barefoot in soil containing a parasitic worm. Theworm imbedded itself in her skinand sent toxin throughout her body.
d)
Lexa touched an object covered with a bacterium. The bacteriumpenetrated her skin and traveled toher lungs through her blood system.
40.
Before 1896, many scientists concluded that light could not pass through black paper. In 1896, Henri Becquerel observed that uranium salts could cause a plate covered by black paper to react as if light had reached it.
How did this observation affect conclusions about light passing through black paper?
How did this observation affect conclusions about light passing through black paper?
a)
Scientists ignored Becquerel’s evidence because uranium is dangerous to use, so his study was not valid.
b)
Scientists repeated Becquerel’s experiment until it no longer worked and reported that his conclusions were not valid.
c)
Scientists had to revise their earlier conclusion because evidence fromBecquerel did not support the original conclusion.
d)
Scientists stood behind the earlier conclusion that black paper blockslight because it was already an accepted conclusion.
41.
Power grids use alternating current (AC) in transmission and distribution systems.Which statement explains why AC is used instead of direct current (DC)?
a)
Transmission wires cannot carry enough direct current to supply the needs of the power grid.
b)
The voltage can be changed in an alternating current system to transfer energy more efficiently.
c)
Electrical energy must be transmitted as alternating current because that is how it is produced at power plants.
d)
Direct current would not be useful to electric company customers because appliances operate on alternating current.
42.
Scientists are studying the use of vegetable oil as an automotive fuel.
Which of these is a logical justification for continuing this research?
Which of these is a logical justification for continuing this research?
a)
The research may also help scientists develop new vegetables for use as food.
b)
Vegetable oil can be purchased at grocery stores, so there would be less need for fueling stations.
c)
Using vegetable oil will increase the number of cars that can be used by increasing the available fuel for cars.
d)
The fossil fuel used to make gasoline is becoming a limited resource, while vegetable oil is made of plants crops that are renewable.
43.
Schistosomiasis is a disease that occurs when eggs of small flatworms hatch inside the body. The worms can grow in many different tissues.
How could schistosomiasis in the intestines interfere with normal body functions?
How could schistosomiasis in the intestines interfere with normal body functions?
a)
By causing painful rashes and swelling on the skin
b)
By increasing the rate of cell metabolism in the body
c)
By reducing the oxygen movement to cells in the body
d)
By keeping the body from absorbing nutrients from food
44.
Infrared light is often used in reptile habitats.
Which of these explains how a reptile benefits from infrared light?
Which of these explains how a reptile benefits from infrared light?
a)
Infrared light destroys bacteria and other microorganisms.
b)
Infrared light increases the body temperature of the animals.
c)
Infrared light makes it possible for reptiles to see their surroundings.
d)
Infrared light makes it possible for humans to see the animals in their natural habitat.
45.
Which chemical equation is balanced to show that mass is conserved during the reaction?
a)
Na₊Cl2→NaCl
b)
2H2O2→2H2O⁺O2
c)
CH4⁺O2→CO2₊2H2O
d)
AgNO3₊MgCl2→AgCl₊MgNO3
46.
Which equation expresses Newton’s second law of motion?
a)
F₌ma
b)
F₌m⁄a
c)
F₌m₋a
d)
F₌m₊a
47.
Which of these is an example of selective breeding?
a)
Cutting a stem from a plant so that a new plant grows from the stem
b)
Taking a skin cell from a sheep and making an exact clone of the sheep
c)
Replacing DNA of a plant with DNA that allows the plant to grow in little water
d)
Selecting two horses and having them mate in order to produce stronger offspring
48.
Which of these describes the outcome of the collision between oceanic and continental crust?
a)
The two portions of crust will stop moving.
b)
The continental crust will subduct beneath the oceanic crust.
c)
The two portions of crust will slide past one another, side by side.
d)
The oceanic crust will subduct beneath the continental crust.
49.
Two plates composed of rock of similar density meet along a convergent boundary.
Which statement describes what will happen where the two plates meet?
Which statement describes what will happen where the two plates meet?
a)
The plates will rub against each other,causing shearing and creating fault lines in the interior of the plates.
b)
The plates will collide with neither plate subducting, causing the crust topile up and form a mountain range.
c)
The plates will collide, and the compression will heat the plates,causing some of the plates to meltand form volcanic mountains.
d)
The plates will rub against each other, causing one plate to subduct underneath the other plate and forming a deep trench along the boundary.
50.
Flooring material is usually made from hardwood trees or man-made materials. Scientists are researching the use of fast-growing plants to be used as floor covering.
Which of these is a logical justification for continuing research into this type of building material?
Which of these is a logical justification for continuing research into this type of building material?
a)
Natural products are stronger than man-made products.
b)
Unlike hardwoods, fast-growing plants can be used for many products.
c)
Fibers from fast-growing plants are renewable and can be produced much faster than lumber from trees.
d)
Natural products decompose faster than man-made materials, making them ideal for buildings that will be used for only a few years.
51.
Some scientists concluded that the sickle cell mutation is beneficial to some people.
Which of these is logical evidence that supports this conclusion?
Which of these is logical evidence that supports this conclusion?
a)
Mosquitoes carrying the malaria virus cannot injure sickle-shaped cells.
b)
People with two mutated sickle cell genes have immunity against malaria.
c)
Mutated sickle-shaped cells destroy the malaria virus before it can spread to other cells in the body.
d)
People with one mutated sickle cell gene are not affected by sickle cellanemia and have some protection against malaria.
52.
Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary disorder caused by a mutation in the shape of red blood cells. Red blood cells are normally disk-shaped. Sickle red blood cells are shaped like a crescent moon, or sickle. The sickle-shaped cells cannot travel easily through the blood vessels of the circulatory system. Therefore, people with sickle cell anemia have problems with oxygen circulation.
Malaria is a disease caused by a parasite. The parasite is transmitted to humans through mosquito bites. Malaria is common in the warm, wet, tropical and subtropical regions.
Doctors found that patients with sickle cell anemia seemed to be immune to malaria.Research found that the sickle cell mutation disabled the effects of the parasite. People with one sickle cell gene did not develop sickle cell anemia and often survived exposure to malaria. People with two sickle cell genes had very high rates of surviving malaria, but these people developed sickle cell anemia.
In the early 1900s, scientists concluded that a mutated sickle cell gene was harmful and presented no benefits.
Which of these is a logical justification why this conclusion needs revision?
Malaria is a disease caused by a parasite. The parasite is transmitted to humans through mosquito bites. Malaria is common in the warm, wet, tropical and subtropical regions.
Doctors found that patients with sickle cell anemia seemed to be immune to malaria.Research found that the sickle cell mutation disabled the effects of the parasite. People with one sickle cell gene did not develop sickle cell anemia and often survived exposure to malaria. People with two sickle cell genes had very high rates of surviving malaria, but these people developed sickle cell anemia.
In the early 1900s, scientists concluded that a mutated sickle cell gene was harmful and presented no benefits.
Which of these is a logical justification why this conclusion needs revision?
a)
People can survive having sickle cell anemia but cannot survive malaria.
b)
Having one sickle cell gene is harmless and provides some protection against malaria.
c)
People who have two sickle cell genes are healthy because they have immunity against malaria.
d)
Having sickle cell anemia is not a serious health concern and repels mosquitoes carrying malaria.
53.
When Alfred Wegener first proposed his theory of continental drift, most earth scientists did not immediately accept it. Many expressed skepticism because the theory did not explain what force was strong enough to move continents.Later, scientists investigating continental drift found evidence that explained how continents are able to move. Plate tectonics, which grew from the theory of continental drift, now explains how continents move over time.
How was the initial skepticism of earth scientists useful to the scientific process?
How was the initial skepticism of earth scientists useful to the scientific process?
a)
Skeptical comments showed that continental drift was not a correct explanation of Wegener’s observations.
b)
The skeptics kept people from forgetting about earlier observations that did not support continental drift.
c)
The scientists who were skeptical kept earth science from changing views too rapidly.
d)
The skeptics raised questions that became the starting point for new investigations.
54.
Earthquakes can cause great damage and injury. The solution to this problem is to warn people about possible earthquakes. Scientists place seismographs, which measure the movement of Earth, at many locations around the world. The data from the seismographs are analyzed by scientists, who then warn people of potential earthquake danger.
Which of these summarizes the quality of the design for the solution to this problem?
Which of these summarizes the quality of the design for the solution to this problem?
a)
The solution to the problem is well designed because scientists can now control earthquakes.
b)
The solution to the problem is well designed because earthquakes no longer cause injury or damage.
c)
The design is flawed because forces of Earth are unpredictable and thesolution is therefore unreliable at times.
d)
The design is flawed because scientists should prevent earthquakes from occurring, not just warn people of potential danger.
55.
Which of these describes the lithosphere and the asthenosphere?
a)
The lithosphere is rigid and immovable, and the asthenosphere is hot and flowing.
b)
The asthenosphere is rigid and immovable, and the lithosphere is hot and flowing.
c)
Both are hot inner layers of earth capable of bending and moving.
d)
Both are hard and rigid layers of earth close to the surface.
56.
Which of these would happen to the cell if cellular respiration stopped?
a)
It would not have the energy it needs to perform its functions.
b)
It would grow larger because it would not be able to dispose of wastes.
c)
It would have to access backup energy trapped in the chemical bonds of food.
d)
It would no longer be able to passively transport materials across its cell membrane.
57.
Which of these describes how Earth’s orbit around the sun determines the seasons of Earth?
a)
Earth’s distance from the sun changes as it orbits the sun.
b)
Earth’s axis tilts in a different direction as Earth orbits the sun.
c)
Earth’s axis tilts different parts of Earth toward or away from the sun at different points in Earth’s orbit.
d)
Earth’s orbit around the sun brings different parts of Earth around to face warmer or cooler parts of the sun.
58.
Certain disorders, such as sickle cell anemia, are linked to specific genes. Some scientists would like to use gene therapy to cure such disorders. Gene therapy involves replacing the nonworking cells with cells that have been genetically altered.
Which of these is a logical argument against gene therapy?
Which of these is a logical argument against gene therapy?
a)
Changing one gene may negatively affect other genes.
b)
Changing one gene may lead to the formation of a new species.
c)
Scientists may not be able to distinguish one gene from another.
d)
Drugs may already exist to cure these diseases, so there is no need for risky therapy.
59.
Which of these describes a divergent boundary?
a)
Two continental plates moving away from each other, forming a rift valley
b)
Two oceanic plates rubbing against each other, forming a midocean ridge
c)
Two continental plates colliding, forming a mountain range
d)
Two oceanic plates colliding, forming a volcanic arc
60.
Which of these describes two cell structures with similar functions?
a)
A chloroplast and a vacuole are alike because both store energy.
b)
A chloroplast and a mitochondrion are alike because both make energy from sugar.
c)
A cell wall and a cytoskeleton area like because both provide rigidity and support for the cell.
d)
A cell wall and a cell membrane are alike because both surround the cell and provide the cell with protection.
61.
Look at the following thermometer. The thermometer measures temperature in degrees Celsius (°C).
What is the temperature shown on the thermometer?
What is the temperature shown on the thermometer?
a)
10°C
b)
0°C
c)
₋5⁰C
d)
₋10⁰C
62.
What type of tissue is attached to the skeletal system and helps bones move?
a)
Muscle tissue
b)
Cardiac tissue
c)
Adipose tissue
d)
Epithelial tissue
63.
Chris viewed the following cell through a microscope lens.
Which type of cell is Chris observing?
Which type of cell is Chris observing?
a)
Nerve cell
b)
Bone cell
c)
Blood cell
d)
Muscle cell
64.
A plant with smooth seeds is crossed with a plant with wrinkled seeds. All of the offspring have a smooth appearance.
Which statement explains why this occurred?
Which statement explains why this occurred?
a)
The offspring only received the genes from the parent with the genotype for smoothness.
b)
The offspring only received the genes from the parent with the phenotype for smoothness.
c)
The offspring received the genes from both parents, but the genotype for smoothness dominates.
d)
The offspring received the genes from both parents, but the phenotype for smoothness dominates.
65.
Malaria is a disease caused by a microscopic parasite that attacks blood cells. The parasite is spread to humans through the bite of a mosquito. Malaria causes headaches, muscle pain, coughing,fever, and vomiting.
Why is malaria able to cause symptoms inso many parts of the body?
Why is malaria able to cause symptoms inso many parts of the body?
a)
Mosquitoes that carry the parasite can bite the skin on all parts of the body.
b)
The parasite enters the circulatory system, where it can travel to different parts of the body.
c)
The parasite attaches itself to nerves, controlling the messages sent to different parts of the body.
d)
Mosquitoes inject the parasites into skin, where they are able to move to different parts of the body.
66.
Which of these describes a cause of lithospheric plate movement across the surface of Earth?
a)
The plates are driven by bubbles from the boiling liquid of the asthenosphere.
b)
The plates float on dense liquid material of the asthenosphere and are moved by tidal forces.
c)
The plates are driven across the surface by convection currents within the plastic rock of the asthenosphere.
d)
The plates move because they are attached to the solid rock of the asthenosphere and move with that rock.
67.
The following map shows the movement of a hurricane in the Pacific Ocean.
Based on the hurricane’s path, which of these describes the fate of this hurricane?
Based on the hurricane’s path, which of these describes the fate of this hurricane?
a)
It will make landfall on Alaska and weaken as it moves over the land.
b)
It will bounce off the Kamchatka Peninsula, spinning it down toward Japan.
c)
Cold arctic air around the Aleutian Islands will push the hurricane to move south toward the Hawaiian Islands.
d)
Cold arctic air around the Aleutian Islands will weaken the hurricane, and it will break apart before hitting landfall.
68.
Jared investigated chemical reactions based on smell, color change, and release of bubbles.
What type of evidence would support any conclusion Jared makes?
What type of evidence would support any conclusion Jared makes?
a)
An observation
b)
An estimation
c)
A calculation
d)
A measurement
69.
Astronomers often try to find the hottest stars in our galaxy.
Which wavelength of radiation do astronomers use to detect these hottest stars?
Which wavelength of radiation do astronomers use to detect these hottest stars?
a)
Infrared
b)
Ultraviolet
c)
Visible
d)
X-ray
70.
Meg investigated the ability of different plants to decrease soil erosion. She performed the following steps:
1) Planted five different species of plants, each in its own box
2) Set up the boxes in the same manner with one end of each box propped up at the same angle
3) Placed a collection device at the bottom of each box to catch soil run off
4) Released water over each box in the same manner
5) Measured the amount of soil runoff and recorded the appearance of the water
The table shows Meg’s data.
Based on both quantitative and qualitative data, which is a logical inference for this investigation?
1) Planted five different species of plants, each in its own box
2) Set up the boxes in the same manner with one end of each box propped up at the same angle
3) Placed a collection device at the bottom of each box to catch soil run off
4) Released water over each box in the same manner
5) Measured the amount of soil runoff and recorded the appearance of the water
The table shows Meg’s data.
Based on both quantitative and qualitative data, which is a logical inference for this investigation?
a)
The less able the plant was to prevent soil erosion, the clearer the water and the less soil that eroded.
b)
The cloudier the water, the more soil that eroded and the less able the plant was to prevent soil erosion.
c)
The clearer the water, the more soil that eroded and the better able the plant was to prevent soil erosion.
d)
The better able the plant was to prevent soil erosion, the cloudier the water and the more soil that eroded.
71.
At a certain time of year, the Southern Hemisphere is tilted toward the sun.
Which of these describes how this tilt affects the Southern Hemisphere during this time of year?
Which of these describes how this tilt affects the Southern Hemisphere during this time of year?
a)
The days will be longer in the Southern Hemisphere during this time of year.
b)
The nights will be longer in the Southern Hemisphere during this time of year.
c)
The seasons will be longer in the Southern Hemisphere during this time of year.
d)
The sun will rise lower in the sky in the Southern Hemisphere during this time of year.
72.
Soils contain chemical nutrients that help plants grow. Different plants require different amounts of nutrients. Scientists can test soil samples to determine how much of certain chemical nutrients are present. A manufacturer wants scientists to develop a soil in which any kind of plant could grow equally well.
Which statement explains whether the ability to make this type of soil ispossible?
Which statement explains whether the ability to make this type of soil ispossible?
a)
Yes, most soils are those in which any kind of plant could grow.
b)
No, there is no way to tell what nutrients are needed by any kind of plant.
c)
Yes, a mixture of the soils that contained all the nutrients could nourish any plant.
d)
No, a soil in which certain kinds of plants grow well might not be as good for other types of plants.
73.
Sean is studying the advantages of selective breeding in plants. He made the following list of possible advantages:
1) Can produce corn that attracts grasshoppers
2) Can develop grass that can grow with less water
3) Can develop wheat that can grow indifferent types of soil
4) Can produce oranges that are not affected by freezing temperatures
Which items on the list provide logical arguments in favor of selective breeding?
1) Can produce corn that attracts grasshoppers
2) Can develop grass that can grow with less water
3) Can develop wheat that can grow indifferent types of soil
4) Can produce oranges that are not affected by freezing temperatures
Which items on the list provide logical arguments in favor of selective breeding?
a)
A. 1, 2, 3
b)
B. 2, 3, 4
c)
C. 2, 4
d)
D. 3, 4
74.
Oil-Eating Bacteria
Scientists wanted to know whether certain bacteria could break down oils they consume. A team of scientists investigated the amount of oil that three different kinds of bacteria could break down. They placed a colony of each type of bacteria in a separate container.The containers were kept under the same conditions and given the same amount of oil.The scientists measured how much oil remained in each colony of bacteria after certain periods. The following table shows their results.
The scientists concluded that Bacteria B must make an enzyme that allows them to break apart oil particles.
Which of these explains how Bacteria B use the oil they consume?
Scientists wanted to know whether certain bacteria could break down oils they consume. A team of scientists investigated the amount of oil that three different kinds of bacteria could break down. They placed a colony of each type of bacteria in a separate container.The containers were kept under the same conditions and given the same amount of oil.The scientists measured how much oil remained in each colony of bacteria after certain periods. The following table shows their results.
The scientists concluded that Bacteria B must make an enzyme that allows them to break apart oil particles.
Which of these explains how Bacteria B use the oil they consume?
a)
The oil is burned up by the bacteria.
b)
The oil becomes part of the bacterial cell's membrane.
c)
The oil is destroyed by the bacteria, leaving behind energy that they can use.
d)
The oil is chemically broken down by oxidation, releasing energy in the process.
75.
One of the scientists wants to run the experiment a second time but provide different amounts of oil for each colony of bacteria.How would this affect the validity of any conclusion for this experimental design?
a)
It would be valid because three different bacteria were tested.
b)
It would be valid because the experiment was conducted two times.
c)
It would not be valid because the amount of bacteria will still consume the oil.
d)
It would not be valid because the amount of oil provided is not being controlled.
76.
The earliest land plants did not have flowers. However, around 70 million years ago, flowering plants became the dominant plant type in many habitats.
Which type of organism would benefit directly from the increase in flowering plants?
Which type of organism would benefit directly from the increase in flowering plants?
a)
Aquatic mammals, which are able to use the plants for shelter
b)
Anaerobic bacteria, which can thrive in low oxygen environments
c)
Pollinating insects, which consume nectar and pollen as food sources
d)
Carnivorous reptiles, which are able to hunt for food among the plants
77.
A university biologist is skeptical of the scientists’ conclusion. She suggests that the oil used could have broken down naturally and may not have been consumed by the bacteria.
How should the team of scientists address this concern?
How should the team of scientists address this concern?
a)
Run the experiment again, but change the amount of time for each trial.
b)
Run the experiment several times, but use oil that does not break down naturally.
c)
Run the experiment several times until the results match the biologist’s concern.
d)
Run the experiment again in the same manner as the first trial to confirm the original data.
78.
Scientists want to create citrus trees that are tolerant of cold weather. Currently, if the fruit from a citrus tree has not been picked and a freeze occurs, the fruit is damaged and cannot be sold. The scientists are studying how to alter the tree’s cells so that they are not damaged by the freezing temperatures.
Which of these is a logical reason for continuing this research?
Which of these is a logical reason for continuing this research?
a)
Plants that can tolerate the cold would be less likely to become infected by fungi.
b)
Plants that can tolerate the cold could allow citrus trees to grow in colder climates.
c)
The research could make it easier to preserve the picked fruit during storage and shipping.
d)
The research could help scientists alter human cells so that human skin is not damaged by frostbite.
79.
A study of greenhouse gas emissions was conducted for Mississippi. The results of the study were divided by work category: waste, agriculture, industry, and land use. The following graph shows these data.
Which of these is a logical reason for using renewable resources in Mississippi?
Which of these is a logical reason for using renewable resources in Mississippi?
a)
Using renewable resources for energy generation would improve the efficiency of land use.
b)
Using renewable resources for energy generation would eliminate all emissions of greenhouse gases.
c)
Using renewable resources for energy generation would be less expensive than the means currently used.
d)
Using renewable resources for energy generation would greatly reduce the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions.
80.
The following diagram shows the dominant trait of brown fur in deer, B. Family members with two recessive genes will have white fur trait, bb.
Which of these is an accurate prediction for any offspring from Individuals 3 and 4 in Generation II?
Which of these is an accurate prediction for any offspring from Individuals 3 and 4 in Generation II?
a)
Their offspring will have brown fur with white patches.
b)
Their offspring have a fifty percent chance of having white fur.
c)
All of their offspring will have brown fur but will be carriers for the white fur trait.
d)
All of their offspring will have brown fur and might be carriers for the white fur trait.
81.
Tinea pedis is a disease caused by a fungus. It affects mainly external body parts and not internal systems.
Which of these could be a symptom of tinea pedis?
Which of these could be a symptom of tinea pedis?
a)
Difficulty breathing
b)
Pain in the intestines
c)
Headaches and dizziness
d)
Swollen and itching skin
82.
Ospreys are a type of bird that nests near a body of water. These birds have adapted to hunt the fish living in the water of the environment. Which adaptations have allowed ospreys to survive in their environment?
a)
• Short wings for gliding over water
• Long legs for reaching into the water
• Hollow, lightweight bones that allow for flying
• Long legs for reaching into the water
• Hollow, lightweight bones that allow for flying
b)
• Large eyes that provide keen vision
• Webbed feet for quick movement in water
• Pivotal head that allows for quick view in all directions
• Webbed feet for quick movement in water
• Pivotal head that allows for quick view in all directions
c)
• Thick, oily feathers for water resistance
• Strong feet and sharp claws for grasping fish
• Strong, muscular legs for carrying the fish back to land
• Strong feet and sharp claws for grasping fish
• Strong, muscular legs for carrying the fish back to land
d)
• Straight, sharply pointed beak for grasping prey
• Large ears for hearing movements of fish in water
• Long, sleek feathers that allow for diving into water
• Large ears for hearing movements of fish in water
• Long, sleek feathers that allow for diving into water
83.
In one forest ecosystem, coyotes and bobcats are carnivores, while white-tailed deer and rabbits are herbivores.
Which of these describes the flow of energy in this ecosystem?
Which of these describes the flow of energy in this ecosystem?
a)
From plants to deer, from deer to coyotes
b)
From rabbits to deer, from deer to coyotes
c)
From plants to rabbits, from rabbits to deer
d)
From bobcats to rabbits, from rabbits to plants
84.
Leroy combines magnesium (Mg) and fluorine (F).Based on the periodic table, which statement describes the interaction of these two elements?
a)
Mg is a metal and F is a nonmetal that forms an ionic bond.
b)
Mg is a nonmetal and F is a metal that forms an ionic bond.
c)
Mg is a metal and F is a metal that forms a covalent bond.
d)
Mg is a metalloid and F is a nonmetal that forms a covalent bond.
85.
The following chemical equation shows the incomplete formula for burning methanol. The question mark represents the unknown number of oxygen (O2)molecules.
2CH3OH ⁺?O2→2CO2⁺4H2O
How many molecules of O2 are needed to balance this chemical equation?
2CH3OH ⁺?O2→2CO2⁺4H2O
How many molecules of O2 are needed to balance this chemical equation?
a)
1
b)
3
c)
5
d)
6
86.
Nerve cells and red blood cells have very different shapes.
How do the shapes of these cells suit their functions?
How do the shapes of these cells suit their functions?
a)
Nerve cells are long and branched for transmitting information, while red blood cells are small and round for traveling through capillaries to deliver oxygen.
b)
Nerve cells are short and branched for providing support for skeletal muscles, while red blood cells areround with long extending arms for sending materials to body cells.
c)
Nerve cells are large and round for carrying impulses to the brain, while red blood cells are small and round for carrying materials to body cells.
d)
Nerve cells are long and branched so that they can be easily replaced, while blood cells are small and round so that they can last a lifetime.
87.
A light-colored insect lives on trees in a forest. The bark of the trees appeared white because of light-colored lichen that also lived on the tree. Disease destroyed the lichen. The tree bark is now darkcolored.How will this environmental change affect the number of light-colored insects?
a)
The number of insects will decrease because, with the lichen gone, the insects will have no other source of food.
b)
The number of insects will decrease because predators will see the light colored insects on the dark bark more easily.
c)
The number of insects will increase because, with the lichen gone,the insects will no longer have to compete with the lichen for space.
d)
The number of insects will increase because the insect predators that also eat the diseased lichen will become ill and decrease in number.
88.
A customer on a grid system installed a wind turbine.
What is the effect of this wind turbine on the entire power grid?
What is the effect of this wind turbine on the entire power grid?
a)
The addition of the turbine affects the customer but not the rest of the grid.
b)
The excess power would flow in the wrong direction in the grid, reducing the total available power.
c)
The unused electric power can be added to the grid, increasing the power available to other customers.
d)
The added power would overload the power grid and trip circuit breakers at the nearest power substation.
89.
A bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt),makes a toxin that destroys the larvae of insects that threaten corn crops. Scientists engineered corn plants, known as Bt-corn. Bt-corn can make a toxin to destroy the larvae that eat the corn.
Which of these supports the argument to stop production of genetically engineered Bt-corn?
Which of these supports the argument to stop production of genetically engineered Bt-corn?
a)
Bt-corn pollen may harm helpful insects that pollinate the corn, such as bees.
b)
Bt-corn kernels may attract unwanted animals that can damage the crop, such as crows.
c)
Bt-corn plants use much less pesticide than unmodified corn plants.
d)
Bt-corn seed is more expensive than unmodified corn seed.
90.
Scientists at a research center are studying plants that have a natural resistance to insects.
Which of these is a logical justification for continuing this research?
Which of these is a logical justification for continuing this research?
a)
Insect-resistant plants grow faster than plants that are not insect resistant, making larger-producing crops.
b)
Studying the genes of insect-resistant plants could help in the development of crops resistant to insects.
c)
Finding these genes could help lead to finding the genes that allow a plant to survive with little water.
d)
The research could lead to development of new kinds of food crops with different nutrients.
91.
A technician wants to predict the velocity of a car that is accelerating at a constant rate.
Which graph will help the technician with his prediction?
Which graph will help the technician with his prediction?
a)
F
b)
G
c)
H
d)
J
92.
The following equation represents a balanced chemical reaction.
2Al2O3⁺3C→4Al⁺3CO2
According to the law of conservation of mass, how many aluminum atoms will be produced if 1,000 molecules of aluminum oxide are used in the reaction.
2Al2O3⁺3C→4Al⁺3CO2
According to the law of conservation of mass, how many aluminum atoms will be produced if 1,000 molecules of aluminum oxide are used in the reaction.
a)
500
b)
1,000
c)
2,000
d)
4,000
93.
A tsunami is a powerful ocean wave caused by an earthquake. A tsunami rises greatly in height as it nears land. Max used a tank of water to simulate the action of a tsunami.
The diagram shows his device.
Max concluded that a tsunami rises higher as it nears land because the water becomes shallower closer to land.
Which statement provides a logical defense for Max’s conclusion?
The diagram shows his device.
Max concluded that a tsunami rises higher as it nears land because the water becomes shallower closer to land.
Which statement provides a logical defense for Max’s conclusion?
a)
The simulated wave was made to be as powerful as possible.
b)
The tank was shallow enough to simulate the ocean near the shore.
c)
The tank had enough water in it to accurately simulate ocean waves.
d)
The bottom of the tank sloped upward at one end just like the bottom of the ocean near the shore.
94.
The following diagram shows an incomplete equation for cellular respiration.
Glucose+Oxygen→Carbon Dioxide+Water+ ?
What information will complete this equation?
Glucose+Oxygen→Carbon Dioxide+Water+ ?
What information will complete this equation?
a)
Food
b)
Wastes
c)
Energy
d)
Chlorophyll
95.
Hailey studied a salt marsh ecosystem. She made the following list of some of the organisms that live in a salt marsh:
• Hawks: top predators
• Sparrows: insectivores
• Grasshoppers: herbivores
• Cordgrass: primary producer
Which food chain shows a probable path of energy in this ecosystem?
• Hawks: top predators
• Sparrows: insectivores
• Grasshoppers: herbivores
• Cordgrass: primary producer
Which food chain shows a probable path of energy in this ecosystem?
a)
Cordgrass→Grasshopper→Sparrow→Hawk
b)
Cordgrass→Hawk→
Grasshopper→Sparrow
Grasshopper→Sparrow
c)
Hawk→
Cordgrass→Grasshopper→Sparrow
Cordgrass→Grasshopper→Sparrow
d)
Hawk→
Sparrow→
Grasshopper→Cordgrass
Sparrow→
Grasshopper→Cordgrass
96.
Jorge is studying the digestive system. He found research indicating that more bacteria live in the large intestine than there are cells in the human body.
Based upon this research, which of these can Jorge logically conclude?
Based upon this research, which of these can Jorge logically conclude?
a)
Bacteria are necessary for digestion to occur.
b)
Bacteria are produced by the human body.
c)
The large intestine is made of bacteria.
d)
The large intestine is diseased.
97.
The graph represents an object’s velocity over a period of time.
Which of these describes the object’s motion after the time shown on the graph?
Which of these describes the object’s motion after the time shown on the graph?
a)
Its velocity will increase.
b)
Its acceleration will increase.
c)
It will slow down and eventually stop moving.
d)
It will continue to move at a constant rate in a straight line.
98.
Christy is studying sodium in the following periodic table of elements.
She makes the following list of possible properties for sodium:
• Symbol is Na
• Is a transition metal
• Atomic number is 11
• Has one valence electron
Which of these should Christy remove from this list?
She makes the following list of possible properties for sodium:
• Symbol is Na
• Is a transition metal
• Atomic number is 11
• Has one valence electron
Which of these should Christy remove from this list?
a)
Symbol is Na
b)
Is a transition metal
c)
Atomic number is 11
d)
Has one valence electron
99.
Ella is learning about different types of electromagnetic radiation. She makes the following list about one frequency of radiation:
• Can damage cells of living things
• Blocked by Earth’s ozone layer
Which type of radiation does Ella’s list describe?
• Can damage cells of living things
• Blocked by Earth’s ozone layer
Which type of radiation does Ella’s list describe?
a)
Infrared
b)
Microwave
c)
Ultraviolet
d)
Visible
100.
What is structure X?
The following diagram shows an animal cell.
The following diagram shows an animal cell.
a)
Nucleus
b)
Chloroplast
c)
Cell membrane
d)
Golgi apparatus
101.
Which situation is explained by Newton’s first law of motion?
a)
A basketball bounces upward when itis dropped on the floor.
b)
You can lift more mass with the same force using a longer lever.
c)
Even though you stop pedaling your bicycle, you keep moving forward.
d)
More fuel is required to accelerate a large truck than is required to accelerate a small car.
102.
The following equation shows the chemical reaction that occurs during the combustion of methane.
CH4+2O2→CO2⁺H2O
What is the chemical formula of methane?
CH4+2O2→CO2⁺H2O
What is the chemical formula of methane?
a)
CH4
b)
O2
c)
CO2
d)
H2O
103.
Sickle Cell Mutation and Malaria
Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary disorder caused by a mutation in the shape of red blood cells. Red blood cells are normally disk-shaped. Sickle red blood cells are shaped like a crescent moon, or sickle. The sickle-shaped cells cannot travel easily through the blood vessels of the circulatory system. Therefore, people with sickle cell anemia have problems with oxygen circulation.
Malaria is a disease caused by a parasite. The parasite is transmitted to humans through mosquito bites. Malaria is common in the warm, wet, tropical and subtropical regions.
Doctors found that patients with sickle cell anemia seemed to be immune to malaria.Research found that the sickle cell mutation disabled the effects of the parasite. People with one sickle cell gene did not develop sickle cell anemia and often survived exposure to malaria. People with two sickle cell genes had very high rates of surviving malaria, but these people developed sickle cell anemia.
Scientists are working to genetically change sickle-shaped cells into normal-shaped cells.
Which of these is a logical argument in favor of this procedure?
Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary disorder caused by a mutation in the shape of red blood cells. Red blood cells are normally disk-shaped. Sickle red blood cells are shaped like a crescent moon, or sickle. The sickle-shaped cells cannot travel easily through the blood vessels of the circulatory system. Therefore, people with sickle cell anemia have problems with oxygen circulation.
Malaria is a disease caused by a parasite. The parasite is transmitted to humans through mosquito bites. Malaria is common in the warm, wet, tropical and subtropical regions.
Doctors found that patients with sickle cell anemia seemed to be immune to malaria.Research found that the sickle cell mutation disabled the effects of the parasite. People with one sickle cell gene did not develop sickle cell anemia and often survived exposure to malaria. People with two sickle cell genes had very high rates of surviving malaria, but these people developed sickle cell anemia.
Scientists are working to genetically change sickle-shaped cells into normal-shaped cells.
Which of these is a logical argument in favor of this procedure?
a)
It would cure patients of malaria by changing the shape of their hemoglobin.
b)
It would cure patients of sickle cell anemia by changing the shape oftheir red blood cells.
c)
It would eliminate the mutation and decrease the chances that a patient’s existing offspring would develop malaria.
d)
It would eliminate the mutation and decrease the chances that a patient’s existing offspring would develop sickle cell anemia.
104.
Which of these is a logical inference based on qualitative observations from the map?
a)
The mosquitoes that carry malaria live near the equator.
b)
Immunity to malaria is less prevalent in locations closer to the equator.
c)
Immunity to malaria is more prevalent in locations farther away from the equator.
d)
The sickle cell mutation occurs in greatest numbers in people wholive near the equator.
105.
The Sickle Cell Mutation and Malaria
Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary disorder caused by a mutation in the shape of red blood cells. Red blood cells are normally disk-shaped. Sickle red blood cells are shaped like a crescent moon, or sickle. The sickle-shaped cells cannot travel easily through the blood vessels of the circulatory system. Therefore, people with sickle cell anemia have problems with oxygen circulation.
Malaria is a disease caused by a parasite. The parasite is transmitted to humans through mosquito bites. Malaria is common in the warm, wet, tropical and subtropical regions.
Some mutations eventually disappear from a population.
Doctors found that patients with sickle cell anemia seemed to be immune to malaria.Research found that the sickle cell mutation disabled the effects of the parasite. People with one sickle cell gene did not develop sickle cell anemia and often survived exposure to malaria. People with two sickle cell genes had very high rates of surviving malaria, but these people developed sickle cell anemia.
Why does the sickle cell gene continue to exist in people living near the equator?
Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary disorder caused by a mutation in the shape of red blood cells. Red blood cells are normally disk-shaped. Sickle red blood cells are shaped like a crescent moon, or sickle. The sickle-shaped cells cannot travel easily through the blood vessels of the circulatory system. Therefore, people with sickle cell anemia have problems with oxygen circulation.
Malaria is a disease caused by a parasite. The parasite is transmitted to humans through mosquito bites. Malaria is common in the warm, wet, tropical and subtropical regions.
Some mutations eventually disappear from a population.
Doctors found that patients with sickle cell anemia seemed to be immune to malaria.Research found that the sickle cell mutation disabled the effects of the parasite. People with one sickle cell gene did not develop sickle cell anemia and often survived exposure to malaria. People with two sickle cell genes had very high rates of surviving malaria, but these people developed sickle cell anemia.
Why does the sickle cell gene continue to exist in people living near the equator?
a)
People who carry the mutated gene are more likely to survive malaria and pass the mutation on to their offspring.
b)
People with the mutation tend to develop other beneficial mutations that are passed from generation to generation.
c)
People with sickle cell anemia are the only people to survive malaria and, therefore, are the only people to have offspring.
d)
People with the mutation have disk-shaped red blood cells, which are disease resistant and easily transmitted from generation to generation.
106.
The diagram shows a cross-section of Earth.
Which letter represents the location of the asthenosphere?
Which letter represents the location of the asthenosphere?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
107.
The diagram shows the relative positions of Earth and the sun during June’s summer solstice.
On this day, how does the angle of Earth’s axis affect the number of daylight hours?
On this day, how does the angle of Earth’s axis affect the number of daylight hours?
a)
All places on Earth experience the maximum number of daylight hours.
b)
Only places near the poles experience the maximum number of daylight hours.
c)
Only places in the Northern Hemisphere experience the fewest number of daylight hours.
d)
All places in the Northern Hemisphere experience the maximum number of daylight hours
108.
The diagrams show the axis of Earth at its present 23° angle and at a perpendicular axis of 0°.
How would seasons be affected if Earth’s axis were at a 0° angle?
How would seasons be affected if Earth’s axis were at a 0° angle?
a)
Earth would have no seasons.
b)
Seasonal variation would decrease atthe poles.
c)
Seasonal variation would increase atthe equator.
d)
Earth would have two seasons insteadof four seasons.
109.
Scientists working in agricultural technology are researching naturally occurring chemicals that attract insects.Which of these describes a commercially beneficial use for this research?
a)
To get insects to consume excess agricultural products
b)
To find ways to lure agricultural pests away from crops
c)
To trap certain kinds of insects so that they can be studied
d)
To ensure that birds in various areashave enough insects to eat
110.
The diagram shows the motion of two plates.
Which of these explains the feature that can form at the boundary of these two plates?
Which of these explains the feature that can form at the boundary of these two plates?
a)
A broad canyon-like valley because the two colliding plates act like a plow, digging out any soil in the plates’ paths
b)
Volcanic mountain range because one oceanic plate melts underneath the continental plate, forming composite volcanoes on the continent
c)
Island arc because one oceanic plate melts underneath the continental plate, forming volcanic mountains that eventually become islands
d)
Folded mountain range because the two colliding plates have equal composition and density, causing both to fold and form wide, thick mountains
111.
The diagram shows a food web for a large lake. The number of trout in the lake decreased due to overfishing by humans.
Which statement describes the impact of this change on the other organisms in the food web?
Which statement describes the impact of this change on the other organisms in the food web?
a)
The number of forage fish will decrease since they will have fewer trout upon which to prey.
b)
The number of plankton will increase since fewer organisms will be getting energy from them.
c)
The eagles will lose a source of energy and need to get energy from gulls, forage fish, and snapping turtles.
d)
The snapping turtles will lose a source of energy and will need to get energy from gulls,eagles, and waterfowl.
112.
The map shows the predicted range of location of a hurricane over a 3-day period and a 5-day period.
a)
Hurricane force winds will hit Mississippi sometime Friday morning.
b)
Hurricane force winds will hit Mississippi sometime Wednesday evening.
c)
The hurricane will make landfall on Wednesday evening, losing energy as it moves north across Mississippi.
d)
The hurricane will become wider as it moves across Mississippi, so that by Friday it will cover the entire state.
113.
A certain virus causes people to catch colds and other infections more easily.Which body system does the virus affect?
a)
Circulatory
b)
Digestive
c)
Immune
d)
Nervous
114.
The map shows the location of a warm front on Wednesday during the summer.
The air around the warm front is moist and is moving toward the New England area.
What type of weather should the New England area expect on Thursday and Friday?
The air around the warm front is moist and is moving toward the New England area.
What type of weather should the New England area expect on Thursday and Friday?
a)
Several days of light rain followed by warm, humid weather
b)
Several days of strong thunderstorms followed by hot, dry weather
c)
Fast-moving, strong thunderstorms followed by warm, humid weather
d)
No precipitation but a sudden change from cool weather to warm weather
115.
Which of these is one of Newton’s laws of motion?
a)
An object’s momentum is the product of its mass and velocity.
b)
A moving object will continue moving until a force acts upon it.
c)
The force of gravity is proportional to the inverse square of the distance.
d)
The rate at which an object falls depends on the height from which it is dropped.
116.
Dr. Jordan wanted to know if the concentration of a solution affects that solution’s reaction rate.
He set up the following investigation:
1) Set up ten beakers of the same size and shape
2) Poured different concentrations of the same solution into each beaker
3) Measured the reaction rates of the solutions
Based upon the data, Dr. Jordan concluded that increasing the concentration of the solution shortens reaction time. Dr. Jordan presented his findings to his coworkers. A coworker indicated that the reaction time might be affected by temperature, not concentration of the solution.
How should Dr. Jordan respond to this scientist’s alternative conclusion?
He set up the following investigation:
1) Set up ten beakers of the same size and shape
2) Poured different concentrations of the same solution into each beaker
3) Measured the reaction rates of the solutions
Based upon the data, Dr. Jordan concluded that increasing the concentration of the solution shortens reaction time. Dr. Jordan presented his findings to his coworkers. A coworker indicated that the reaction time might be affected by temperature, not concentration of the solution.
How should Dr. Jordan respond to this scientist’s alternative conclusion?
a)
Dr. Jordan should revise his conclusion based on the coworker’s suggestion.
b)
Dr. Jordan should carry out the tests again in the exact same way he did before.
c)
Dr. Jordan should reanalyze the results to take into consideration his coworker’s suggestion.
d)
Dr. Jordan should dismiss the suggestion because the coworker did not help with the investigation.
117.
The following pedigree shows the inheritance of a trait in two generations of a family.
Which statement describes Generation III in this family?
Which statement describes Generation III in this family?
a)
All the children will display the trait because it is dominant, and one parent in the second generation displays the trait.
b)
None of the children will display the trait because it is recessive, and one parent in the second generation displays the trait.
c)
The pedigree does not indicate whether the trait is dominant or recessive; therefore, an accurate prediction cannot be made.
d)
The children have a fifty percent chance of displaying the trait because it is dominant, and one parent in the second generation displays the trait.
118.
A sewer system operator would like to use electromagnetic radiation to destroy bacteria and other organisms in filtered wastewater before it is released into the environment.Which type of electromagnetic radiation is capable of treating the wastewater?
a)
Ultraviolet
b)
Infrared
c)
Visible
d)
Radio
119.
Early in the afternoon, a weather station outside the school shows that the barometric pressure and temperature are both dropping rapidly.
What type of weather do these readings indicate?
What type of weather do these readings indicate?
a)
Several days of clear, sunny weather
b)
Cool, cloudy weather with littlechance of rain
c)
Thunderstorms later in the afternoon or evening
d)
Clearing weather today with rain likely tomorrow
120.
About 30 miles into Earth, the speed of seismic waves increases.
What does this change in speed indicate about the material through which the seismic waves are traveling?
What does this change in speed indicate about the material through which the seismic waves are traveling?
a)
The waves travel from rock into metal material.
b)
The waves travel from cool material into hot material.
c)
The waves travel from solid material into liquid material.
d)
The waves travel from a less dense material into a more dense material.
121.
Which of these is a renewable energy resource that does not produce carbon dioxide?
a)
Coal
b)
Wind
c)
Biomass
d)
Fossil fuel
122.
Cellular respiration converts the energy stored in sugars to high-energy molecules called ATP.
Which cell structure carries out cellular respiration?
Which cell structure carries out cellular respiration?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Chloroplast
c)
Mitochondrion
d)
Endoplasmic reticulum
123.
Which of these describes the lithosphere?
a)
Top most solid part of Earth in which crust is located
b)
Middle liquid, flowing layer of Earth on which crust floats
c)
Middle plastic, flowing layer of Earth on which the asthenosphere floats
d)
Top most semisolid part of Earth in which magma chambers for volcanoes form
124.
The following chemical equation shows the process of photosynthesis.
6CO2+6H2O→C6H12O6+6O2 What is the common name of C6H12O6?
6CO2+6H2O→C6H12O6+6O2 What is the common name of C6H12O6?
a)
Sugar
b)
Water
c)
Table salt
d)
Baking soda
125.
Which of these describes a pathogen that infects a human by injecting its DNA into a body cell?
a)
A parasite that robs the cell of nutrients, interfering with organ functions
b)
A bacterium that creates a toxin that destroys the cell, keeping the cell from working in a normal manner
c)
A fungus that eats keratin found in skin cells, causing and interfering with the skin tissues’ ability to protect
d)
A virus that changes the way a cell works, causing the cell to make more viruses instead of performing its intended function
126.
The following picture shows Tasha pulling a wagon holding her brother.
Tasha notices that even though she stops pulling the wagon, her brother’s body moves forward.
Which of Newton’s laws of motion explains Tasha’s observation?
Tasha notices that even though she stops pulling the wagon, her brother’s body moves forward.
Which of Newton’s laws of motion explains Tasha’s observation?
a)
The first law, in which an object moves forward in a straight line unless acted upon by an outside force
b)
The second law, in which force is a product of an object’s acceleration and mass
c)
The third law, in which every action has an equal and opposite reaction
d)
The fourth law, in which energy is never lost but is transformed from one object to another
127.
Sara wants to know if lithium (Li) and bromine (Br) will bond. She uses the following table to find the properties of the two elements.
Which statement describes the type of bond formed from these two elements?
Which statement describes the type of bond formed from these two elements?
a)
Both Li and Br are metals that will form a metallic bond.
b)
Li is a metal and Br is a nonmetal that will form an ionic bond.
c)
Li is a nonmetal and Br is a metal that will form a covalent bond.
d)
Both Li and Br are transition metals that will form a metalloid bond.
128.
A family adds solar panels to their home.
How will the addition of these solar panels affect the power grid?
How will the addition of these solar panels affect the power grid?
a)
Any unused power created from the panels will remain at the house and not be added to the power grid.
b)
The added voltage will overload the grid, overheating transmission lines and tripping circuit breakers at the power station.
c)
The added voltage will flow in the opposite direction on the grid, decreasing the total power available to other customers.
d)
Any unused power created by the panels will be added to the grid, increasing the amount of electricity available to other customers.
129.
Astronomers use instruments that orbit Earth in order to detect cosmic x-rays emitted by stars.
Which of these explains why these instruments must be located in Earth’s orbit in order to work properly?
Which of these explains why these instruments must be located in Earth’s orbit in order to work properly?
a)
Cosmic x-rays are too weak to reach Earth’s surface.
b)
Earth’s atmosphere absorbs much of the cosmic radiation.
c)
The only sources of cosmic rays are far from our solar system.
d)
Earth’s orbit traps x-rays so they can be detected by instruments.
130.
Scientists are researching the use of natural products in technologies.Which of these is a justifiable reason supporting this research?
a)
Using natural substances makes stronger products.
b)
Using natural substances reduces the cost of manufacturing.
c)
Using natural substances replaces the need for renewable energy sources.
d)
Using natural substances reduces the amount of waste that cannot decompose in landfills.
131.
Bacteria on the roots of soybean plants are able to change nitrogen from the air into a form usable by plants. Scientists have engineered other plants to support the growth of these nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
Which of these describes a benefit of this research?
Which of these describes a benefit of this research?
a)
The need for space will decrease, allowing more land to be available for other crops.
b)
The need for water will decrease, allowing more water to be available for other crops.
c)
The need for fertilizer will decrease, reducing both the amount of fertilizer runoff and the algae growthin streams and ponds.
d)
The need for pesticides will decrease, reducing both the amount of chemicals applied to crops and the pollution of the water table.
132.
The following food web shows the flow of energy between organisms in an ecosystem. More producers are introduced into the ecosystem.
How will this introduction likely affect the other organisms in the ecosystem?
How will this introduction likely affect the other organisms in the ecosystem?
a)
The additional producers may not affect the other organisms because there is plenty of room in the ecosystem for plants.
b)
The number of organisms may decrease because the producers will require more energy, which they will receive from the other organisms.
c)
The additional producers may decrease the number of herbivores because they may outcompete the herbivores for energy from the omnivores.
d)
The number of organisms may increase because plants provide energy to primary consumers, which then transfer energy to the carnivores.
133.
Ethan investigated which of three liquids had the highest boiling point. He put equal amounts of liquid in different beakers and placed each beaker over the same amount of heat. To compare the liquids’ boiling points, he measured how long it took for each liquid to boil. The table shows his results.
Ethan concluded that Liquid B had the highest boiling point.
Which of these led to this conclusion?
Ethan concluded that Liquid B had the highest boiling point.
Which of these led to this conclusion?
a)
Qualitative observation of how hot the liquids got
b)
Quantitative measurement of how hot the liquids got
c)
Qualitative observation of how long it took for the liquids to boil
d)
Quantitative measurement of how long it took for the liquids to boil
134.
Lisa notices that her pet rabbits have similar fur color to their parents. Lisa draws the following diagram to show how fur color passes from the parents to the offspring.
Which offspring description will complete the diagram?
Which offspring description will complete the diagram?
a)
• Offspring receives two DNA strands from each parent.
• DNA strands contain chromosomes.
• Chromosomes from Parent 1 determine appearance of fur.
• DNA strands contain chromosomes.
• Chromosomes from Parent 1 determine appearance of fur.
b)
• Offspring receives half of DNA strand from each parent.
• Each half of DNA strand connects to form chromosome.
• One chromosome determines appearance of fur.
• Each half of DNA strand connects to form chromosome.
• One chromosome determines appearance of fur.
c)
• Offspring receives a set of two chromosomes, one from each parent.
• Chromosomes contain DNA strands.
• DNA strands contain genes.
• A pair of genes determines appearance of fur.
• Chromosomes contain DNA strands.
• DNA strands contain genes.
• A pair of genes determines appearance of fur.
d)
• Offspring receives a set of two chromosomes, one from each parent.
• Chromosomes contain genes.
• Genes contain DNA strands.
• Two sets of DNA strands determine appearance of fur.
• Chromosomes contain genes.
• Genes contain DNA strands.
• Two sets of DNA strands determine appearance of fur.
135.
The following diagram shows an energy pyramid for a wetland in Mississippi.
Which conclusion is supported by this diagram?
Which conclusion is supported by this diagram?
a)
River otters are tertiary consumers and have the least energy available to them.
b)
Crayfish are secondary consumers and have the most energy available to them.
c)
Phytoplankton are primary producers and have the least energy available to them.
d)
Zooplankton are secondary producers and have the most energy available to them.
136.
The following map shows the predicted range of a hurricane’s location over a 3-day period and a 5-day period.
Based on the information in the map, what is the likelihood that the hurricane will make landfall in southern Alabama?
Based on the information in the map, what is the likelihood that the hurricane will make landfall in southern Alabama?
a)
There is no chance because the predicted path is too far south.
b)
There is a small chance because of possible changes in the hurricane’s path.
c)
Chances are good because another hurricane will deflect the hurricane into southern Alabama.
d)
There is no chance because the hurricane will make landfall in Florida and weaken significantly.
137.
Bubbles form when an acid is mixed with baking soda, a base. Allie wanted to know which household liquids are acids. She mixed several household liquids with two different white powders, baking soda and powdered sugar. The following data show her findings.
Which statement uses evidence from the table to form a conclusion?
Which statement uses evidence from the table to form a conclusion?
a)
Water, milk, and dish soap must be acids because they did not form bubbles when mixed with baking soda.
b)
Lemon juice and vinegar must be acids because they did not form bubbles when mixed with powdered sugar.
c)
Water, milk, and dish soap must not be acids because they did not form bubbles when mixed with baking soda.
d)
Lemon juice and vinegar must not be acids because they did not form bubbles when mixed with powdered sugar.
138.
If the Trial 2 toy car had not stopped rolling and had continued in a straight line, how far would the car have rolled at 5 seconds?
a)
200 cm
b)
225 cm
c)
250 cm
d)
275 cm
139.
Based on the data, what is the cause-and effect relationship between the ramps and the toy cars?
a)
The farther the toy cars rolled, the longer the ramps.
b)
The slower the toy cars, the greater the ramps’ angle.
c)
The shorter the ramps, the greater the speed of the toy cars.
d)
The greater the ramps’ angle, the farther the toy cars rolled.
140.
Which description applies to the toy car on Trial 1?
a)
An object at rest will stay at rest.
b)
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
c)
The rate at which an object falls is dependent upon the height from which the object is dropped.
d)
The force needed to move an object is dependent upon the mass and acceleration of the object.
141.
Until recently, a certain type of fossil in rock beds was thought to be about 10,000 years old. A new, more accurate way of dating rock samples shows that it is actually 40,000 years old. However, this new evidence does not match scientists’current explanations for how this species came to the area.
Why should scientists revise their current explanations for how this species came to the area?
Why should scientists revise their current explanations for how this species came to the area?
a)
Fossils that are older than 10,000 years are extremely rare.
b)
Newer explanations are more correct than older explanations.
c)
The current explanations were based on less-accurate dating methods.
d)
Revising explanations every few years is a part of the scientific method.
142.
Which situation is an example of Newton’s third law of motion?
a)
A ball in a vacuum container moves in a straight line at a constant velocity.
b)
A ball in a vacuum container accelerates when kicked with a great amount of force.
c)
A person riding in a forward-moving car continues to move forward when the car stops suddenly.
d)
A person in a canoe moves the paddle backward in the water, and the canoe moves forward in the water.
143.
The following image shows Device X, found in a power grid system. What is the role of this device within the electrical grid system?
a)
It is a generator that produces the current needed inside the home.
b)
It is a distributor that diverts power from the distribution line to the home.
c)
It is a transformer that reduces the voltage between the power line and the home.
d)
It is a regulator that limits the amount of electric power in the wire to the home.
144.
Some people are unable to see red and green colors. This condition, colorblindness, is a recessive trait carried on the X chromosome, Xb. The following pedigree shows a family in which some individuals are affected by colorblindness.
Family members 6 and 7 in Generation II are expecting a son. The father’s genotype is XBY,while the mother’s is XBXb, as shown in the Punnett square.
Which of the following describes the possibility of this son being colorblind?
Family members 6 and 7 in Generation II are expecting a son. The father’s genotype is XBY,while the mother’s is XBXb, as shown in the Punnett square.
Which of the following describes the possibility of this son being colorblind?
a)
Zero percent, because the father is not color blind
b)
Twenty-five percent, because in the Punnett square, only one box out of four shows an affected male
c)
Fifty percent, because only one of the two males in the Punnett square has the genotype for being affected
d)
One hundred percent, because the mother will pass the colorblindness trait to all offspring through her X chromosome
145.
The diagram shows the nitrogen cycle.
Animals need nitrite (NO2) to make proteins. Nitrogen (N2) is found in the air but is not in a form that animals can use. Through the nitrogen cycle, nitrogen from the atmosphere becomes nitrite.
Which of these can be concluded about the importance of bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?
Animals need nitrite (NO2) to make proteins. Nitrogen (N2) is found in the air but is not in a form that animals can use. Through the nitrogen cycle, nitrogen from the atmosphere becomes nitrite.
Which of these can be concluded about the importance of bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?
a)
Bacteria are important because they make nitrites that animals need.
b)
Bacteria are important because they change nitrogen into nitrites that animals need.
c)
Bacteria are important because they allow plant roots to absorb nitrites from the air.
d)
Bacteria are important because they decompose plant matter that compete with living plants for nitrites.
146.
Benito studied magnetic fields. He learned that a magnetic field is created when an electric current passes through a wire. He found the following data showing how the magnetic field strength changes with distance from the wire.
Benito wanted to know the magnetic strength 10 centimeters away from the wire.
Which summary of data provides a logical prediction for Benito?
Benito wanted to know the magnetic strength 10 centimeters away from the wire.
Which summary of data provides a logical prediction for Benito?
a)
• The magnetic field strength increases as the distance from the wire increases.
• The field strength at 10 centimeters will be 1 microtesla.
• The field strength at 10 centimeters will be 1 microtesla.
b)
• The magnetic field strength decreases as the distance from the wire increases.
• The field strength at 10 centimeters will be 5 microteslas.
• The field strength at 10 centimeters will be 5 microteslas.
c)
• The magnetic field strength decreases linearly as the distance from the wire increases.
• The field strength at 10 centimeters will be 1 microtesla.
• The field strength at 10 centimeters will be 1 microtesla.
d)
• The magnetic field strength increases linearly as the distance from the wire increases.
• The field strength at 10 centimeters will be 5 microteslas.
• The field strength at 10 centimeters will be 5 microteslas.
147.
The following diagram shows an energy pyramid for an area within an ocean ecosystem.
How is the shape of the pyramid related to energy flow within the ecosystem?
How is the shape of the pyramid related to energy flow within the ecosystem?
a)
Most energy is concentrated at the highest trophic level.
b)
Energy is equally distributed among the organisms in each trophic level.
c)
Only a small amount of energy isavailable to organisms in ocean ecosystems.
d)
Only a small amount of energy from one trophic level is available to organisms at the next highest level.
148.
Nate used a microscope to view a cell. He drew the following sketch with an arrow pointing to an unknown structure.Which of these describes the unknown structure in Nate’s sketch?
a)
Vacuole in a plant cell
b)
Nucleus in an animal cell
c)
Cell wall around a plant cell
d)
Cell membrane around an animal cell
149.
Twice a year on Earth, the number of hours of darkness is equal to the number of hours of sunlight. These events, where both day and night are 12 hours, are the spring and autumn equinoxes.
Which of these describes the orientation of the sun and Earth on these two days?
Which of these describes the orientation of the sun and Earth on these two days?
a)
Earth is located at its most distant point away from the sun.
b)
The tilt of Earth’s axis is neither toward nor away from the sun.
c)
The axes of the sun and Earth are pointed in the same direction.
d)
Earth is located at its closest point to the sun, and its axis is pointed away from the sun.
150.
Greg is studying a grassland system. His data show that the area experiences a short drought every year. During this drought, the amount of vegetation is reduced, and little water is available.
Which adaptations provide an organism with the greatest chance for surviving the drought?
Which adaptations provide an organism with the greatest chance for surviving the drought?
a)
• Long tongue for catching insects
• Able to camouflage to avoid predators
• Able to camouflage to avoid predators
b)
• Thick, white fur that reflects heat from the sun
• Able to hibernate for long period of time
• Able to hibernate for long period of time
c)
• Long neck to reach vegetation in tall trees
• Able to survive long periods without water
• Able to survive long periods without water
d)
• Horns for defense when competing for vegetation
• Able to run away from predators quickly
• Able to run away from predators quickly
151.
The raising of catfish is a major industry in Mississippi. Catfish farmers in Mississippi want scientists to research diseases affecting catfish. The following list describes the farmers’ reasons for wanting catfish diseases researched:
1) Understanding catfish diseases may lead to preventing these diseases.
2) Researching catfish diseases may help prevent diseases in other fish.
3) Curing catfish diseases may allow catfish farmers to raise more,healthier fish.
4) Studying catfish diseases may create catfish medications that the farmers could sell to earn a profit.
Which reasons from the list are logical justifications for researching catfish diseases?
1) Understanding catfish diseases may lead to preventing these diseases.
2) Researching catfish diseases may help prevent diseases in other fish.
3) Curing catfish diseases may allow catfish farmers to raise more,healthier fish.
4) Studying catfish diseases may create catfish medications that the farmers could sell to earn a profit.
Which reasons from the list are logical justifications for researching catfish diseases?
a)
1 and 4 only
b)
2 and 3 only
c)
1, 2, and 3 only
d)
2, 3, and 4 only
152.
The mayor of a town wants to conserve resources and reduce global warming. A committee of engineers suggests building a hydropower plant instead of one that burns fossil fuels. A hydropower plant generates electricity by harnessing the force of flowing water.
Which justification for building the hydropower plant is logical and supports the mayor’s wish?
Which justification for building the hydropower plant is logical and supports the mayor’s wish?
a)
Water flowing through a hydropower plant is renewable and does not emit greenhouse gases.
b)
The soil from which a dam is dug for a hydropower plant can be packaged and sold,providing extra income for the town.
c)
A road can be built on top of the dam so that a separate bridge does not have to be built to connect the land on either side of the river.
d)
A hydropower plant will cause more water to flow through rivers, increasing the water’s renewability and helping fresh water reach wetland ecosystems.
153.
The following table shows data about hydrogen and oxygen.
How many bonds form when hydrogen and oxygen combine?
How many bonds form when hydrogen and oxygen combine?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
154.
Scientists found an organism that can live without water for long periods of time.The scientists made copies of its DNA,then injected this new DNA into corn.
Which of these describes the process the scientists used?
Which of these describes the process the scientists used?
a)
Cloning
b)
Selective breeding
c)
Genetic engineering
d)
Asexual reproduction
155.
Which of these describes how the absence of mitochondria would affect a cell?
a)
Heat would build up and cause the cell to become dehydrated because mitochondria release energy.
b)
Toxins would collect and slow the production of ATP because mitochondria remove waste from cells.
c)
Cells would be unable to undergo cellular respiration because mitochondria convert glucose into energy.
d)
Cells would be unable to undergo fermentation because mitochondria convert carbohydrates into sugars.
156.
One proposal for reducing global warming is to decrease the use of fossil fuels and increase the use of renewable energy.
Which statement explains why using renewable energy will help reduce global warming?
Which statement explains why using renewable energy will help reduce global warming?
a)
Renewable energy sources are more efficient than fossil fuels.
b)
Renewable energy sources produce fewer greenhouse gases than fossil fuels.
c)
Fossil fuels require more expensive technology than renewable energy sources.
d)
Fossil fuels produce chemicals that destroy ozone, but renewable energy sources do not.
157.
A cold front traveling southeast collided with a warm front traveling northwest. The map shows the weather on Monday, the day the two fronts collided.
Which of these describes the weather forecast for Mississippi on Tuesday and Wednesday?
Which of these describes the weather forecast for Mississippi on Tuesday and Wednesday?
a)
Tuesday: cold temperatures with light snow
Wednesday: warm temperatures with clear skies
Wednesday: warm temperatures with clear skies
b)
Tuesday: thunderstorms with heavy rainfall
Wednesday: cold temperatures with sleet and rain
Wednesday: cold temperatures with sleet and rain
c)
Tuesday: cloudy with rainfall on and off during the day
Wednesday: windy in the morning, clear skies in the afternoon
Wednesday: windy in the morning, clear skies in the afternoon
d)
Tuesday: cold temperatures with clear skies
Wednesday: clear skies in the morning, windy with light rain in the afternoon
Wednesday: clear skies in the morning, windy with light rain in the afternoon
158.
Laura is studying a species of fish living around an ocean reef system. She lists the following observations:
• Males have brightly colored scales to attract the females for mating.
• Females are brown without brightly colored scales.
• The fish species normally has few predators.
• Within a few months, a species of carnivores enters the reef system area.
• These carnivores prey upon the colorful fish.
Laura measured the population size of the fish species a year after the introduction of the predators. She found that there were fewer males, but overall the population size was similar to before the predators arrived.
Which of these adaptations is preventing the extinction of this fish species?
• Males have brightly colored scales to attract the females for mating.
• Females are brown without brightly colored scales.
• The fish species normally has few predators.
• Within a few months, a species of carnivores enters the reef system area.
• These carnivores prey upon the colorful fish.
Laura measured the population size of the fish species a year after the introduction of the predators. She found that there were fewer males, but overall the population size was similar to before the predators arrived.
Which of these adaptations is preventing the extinction of this fish species?
a)
The female fish can change their appearance to display bright colors.
b)
Both the males and females can lay their eggs in the cracks found in the reef.
c)
The female fish can produce offspring through sexual and asexual reproduction.
d)
Both the males and females can change their diet to include more types of prey.
159.
Some plants make chemicals that cause insects to avoid eating any portion of the plant. Scientists want to research these plants.
Which statement is a logical justification for researching these plants?
Which statement is a logical justification for researching these plants?
a)
This research may lead to understanding why insects are attracted to plants.
b)
Studying these plants may allow scientists to understand how to grow larger crops.
c)
Studying these plants may lead to the development of products that will remove insects from plant environments.
d)
This research may allow for the development of products that will repel insects naturally and not harm the environment.
160.
Which activity is an example of selective breeding?
a)
Collecting wild saplings from a forest and replanting them
b)
Cross-pollinating plants that produce large numbers of fruit
c)
Allowing a population of laboratory mice to mate randomly
d)
Raising sheep that have been cloned from adult sheep tissues
161.
A meteorologist is monitoring the weather around Capital City. She collects the following data from her weather instruments:
• Air pressure dropping quickly
• Warm air rising rapidly
• Water droplets being pushed upward to the topmost part of a cumulonimbus cloud
• Doppler radar map shows pockets of air with the wind blowing in opposite directions
Based on the weather data, what should the meteorologist include in the weather forecast for the Capital City area?
• Air pressure dropping quickly
• Warm air rising rapidly
• Water droplets being pushed upward to the topmost part of a cumulonimbus cloud
• Doppler radar map shows pockets of air with the wind blowing in opposite directions
Based on the weather data, what should the meteorologist include in the weather forecast for the Capital City area?
a)
Increasing humidity with light rain
b)
Drop in air temperature with light snow
c)
Tornado watch with heavy rain and hail
d)
Approaching hurricane with heavy rain and strong winds
162.
The following map shows the location of a hurricane in the Gulf of Mexico at 81° W and 17° N.
Which of these describes the likely outcome for this hurricane?
Which of these describes the likely outcome for this hurricane?
a)
The rotation of Earth will force the hurricane to the southeast, where it will make landfall.
b)
The dry land surrounding the hurricane will absorb moisture from the hurricane, causing it to break apart.
c)
Strong trade winds will blow the hurricane across the Yucatan Peninsula toward Mexico, where it will make landfall.
d)
Strong ocean currents moving from the equator to the north will push the hurricane into Cuba, where it will break apart into many smaller storms.
163.
Karen observed that structure A found in Slide 1 has the same function as structure A found in Slide 2.
Which of these explains why the structure found in Slide 1 is larger than the same structure found in Slide 2?
Which of these explains why the structure found in Slide 1 is larger than the same structure found in Slide 2?
a)
Structure A is a ribosome. It is larger in an animal cell than in a plant cell because animals need protein to build muscles.
b)
Structure A is a vacuole. It is larger in a plant cell than in an animal cell because plants must store large amounts of water.
c)
Structure A is a chloroplast. It is larger in a plant cell than in an animal cell because plants must convert sunlight into sugar.
d)
Structure A is a nucleus. It is larger in an animal cell than in a plant cell because animals store memories of what they have learned.
164.
One of the slides contains an infectious agent that does the following:
• Enters a body cell
• Takes over cell functions
• Makes the body cell replicate the infectious agent
• Causes the body cell to burst, spreading copies of the infectious agent
Based on appearance, which slide contains the infectious agent described?
• Enters a body cell
• Takes over cell functions
• Makes the body cell replicate the infectious agent
• Causes the body cell to burst, spreading copies of the infectious agent
Based on appearance, which slide contains the infectious agent described?
a)
Slide 1
b)
Slide 2
c)
Slide 3
d)
Slide 4
165.
Microscopic Investigations
Karen and Thad were working together on a science project. Karen’s part of the project involved identifying specimens and analyzing their reproduction. Karen viewed four specimens using an electron microscope at different levels of magnification. The microscope displayed the images on a computer. Karen printed the following images and labeled the structures she was studying with letters.
Karen placed each specimen into its own Petri dish. She used the electron microscope to count the number of specimens in each Petri dish every day for one week. Her data showed that the Petri dish with the specimen on Slide 4 was empty. Karen concluded that the specimen in Slide 1 was a plant cell and that the specimen in Slide 4 was a virus. She concluded that the specimens in Slide 2 and 3 were different types of animal cells.
Thad’s part of the project involved determining whether one of the specimens was a bacterium. Thad learned that some bacteria change milk lactose into lactic acid. The lactic acid causes milk proteins to stick together, eventually forming yogurt. Thad wanted to know if any of the slides held bacteria. After adding milk to each specimen, he measured the amount of lactic acid produced.
Karen concluded that the specimen in Slide 2 and Slide 3 is an animal cell.
Which is a logical reason why Karen should revise this conclusion?
Karen and Thad were working together on a science project. Karen’s part of the project involved identifying specimens and analyzing their reproduction. Karen viewed four specimens using an electron microscope at different levels of magnification. The microscope displayed the images on a computer. Karen printed the following images and labeled the structures she was studying with letters.
Karen placed each specimen into its own Petri dish. She used the electron microscope to count the number of specimens in each Petri dish every day for one week. Her data showed that the Petri dish with the specimen on Slide 4 was empty. Karen concluded that the specimen in Slide 1 was a plant cell and that the specimen in Slide 4 was a virus. She concluded that the specimens in Slide 2 and 3 were different types of animal cells.
Thad’s part of the project involved determining whether one of the specimens was a bacterium. Thad learned that some bacteria change milk lactose into lactic acid. The lactic acid causes milk proteins to stick together, eventually forming yogurt. Thad wanted to know if any of the slides held bacteria. After adding milk to each specimen, he measured the amount of lactic acid produced.
Karen concluded that the specimen in Slide 2 and Slide 3 is an animal cell.
Which is a logical reason why Karen should revise this conclusion?
a)
Karen’s investigation was not repeated and lacked a control.
b)
Thad’s investigation indicates that the specimen in Slide 3 is a type of bacteria.
c)
Karen’s conclusion is based on observations made with a less accurate compound microscope.
d)
Thad’s conclusion indicates that the specimen in Slide 2 becomes infected with the lactic acid of bacteria.
166.
Dan wanted to know whether plants grow best in sunlight or artificial light. He set up an investigation, making sure each plant received the same amount of light for the same amount of time. The diagram shows his setup.
Dan found that the outside plants grew one inch taller than the inside plants. He concluded that sunlight is better for plant growth than artificial light. A classmate, Carlos, is skeptical of Dan’s conclusion. Carlos thinks that Dan did not control other conditions that the plants grew under, such as temperature and available water.
Which of these describes how Dan should respond to Carlos’s skepticism?
Dan found that the outside plants grew one inch taller than the inside plants. He concluded that sunlight is better for plant growth than artificial light. A classmate, Carlos, is skeptical of Dan’s conclusion. Carlos thinks that Dan did not control other conditions that the plants grew under, such as temperature and available water.
Which of these describes how Dan should respond to Carlos’s skepticism?
a)
Dan should revise his original conclusion to match Carlos’s predictions about temperature and air quality.
b)
Dan should dismiss Carlos’s criticism of his methods because Carlos did not carry out the original experiment.
c)
Dan should invite Carlos to run the exact same experiment again to confirm that the original conclusions are valid.
d)
Dan should run new tests to include other variables that Carlos mentioned to confirm that the original conclusions are valid.
167.
Nickel (Ni) is an element found in Group 10 of the periodic table of elements.
Based on its location in the periodic table, which of these is a property of nickel?
Based on its location in the periodic table, which of these is a property of nickel?
a)
Low density
b)
Strong semiconductor
c)
Highly reactive with other elements
d)
Good conductor of heat and electricity
168.
Satellite observations of a hurricane in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean show that the hurricane is moving toward a large area of cool water.
What does this observation indicate about the likelihood that the hurricane will strike land along the coast of the United States?
What does this observation indicate about the likelihood that the hurricane will strike land along the coast of the United States?
a)
The likelihood of a land strike is decreased because hurricanes that move over cool water lose intensity.
b)
The chance that the hurricane will strike land is increased because cool waters are located near the coast.
c)
The chance that the hurricane will strike land is decreased because the hurricane is located far from the coast.
d)
The likelihood of a land strike is increased because cold water tends to strengthen hurricanes and make them last longer.
169.
The following shows a food chain in a garden environment.
Sun→grass→grasshopper→bird
Which statement describes the energy transfer in this food chain?
Sun→grass→grasshopper→bird
Which statement describes the energy transfer in this food chain?
a)
The energy from the bird is transferred back to the grasshopper.
b)
The grass passes all of the energy it receives from the sun to the grasshopper.
c)
Only a small amount of the energy the bird receives from the grasshopper is used by the bird.
d)
More energy is transferred from the grass to the grasshopper than from the grasshopper to the bird.
170.
When plant tissues are damaged, bacteria and other microorganisms can invade the plant. Scientists are studying plants that produce chemicals to fight these bacterial infections. The plants they are studying do not have any agricultural use.
Which statement logically supports continuing this research?
Which statement logically supports continuing this research?
a)
The research could lead to the discovery of how to prevent damage to plant tissue.
b)
The research could lead to the discovery of new chemicals that are useful for controlling weeds.
c)
The chemical compounds could be useful as antibiotics for bacteria that invade other organisms.
d)
The chemical compounds discovered by the researchers could be added to the list of known chemicals.
171.
Jesse is studying the red mangrove trees in a coastline environment. The following illustration shows the structure of a red mangrove.
Jesse’s data indicate that the salt content in the water on this coastline is increasing.
Which of the following adaptations allows the red mangrove to survive in this coastline environment?
Jesse’s data indicate that the salt content in the water on this coastline is increasing.
Which of the following adaptations allows the red mangrove to survive in this coastline environment?
a)
Flowers that attract insects for pollination, causing genetic variation in offspring
b)
Large leaves that allow for oxygen and gas exchange from the air instead of the sand
c)
Roots with a filtration system that allows water to enter but keeps out the larger salt molecules
d)
Roots that prop the tree above the sand, giving it support so it can withstand the force of ocean tides
172.
Deforestation is the removal of naturally occurring forests. These forests are cleared in order to provide land for farms or buildings. Some scientists want to reduce the amount of deforestation.
How would reducing deforestation affect global warming?
How would reducing deforestation affect global warming?
a)
It would prevent farmers from planting renewable biofuels that would have reduced global warming.
b)
It would decrease the amount of carbon dioxide reaching the atmosphere, reducing global warming.
c)
It would increase the amount of oxygen released into the atmosphere,which would bond together and create ozone, increasing global warming.
d)
It would prevent destruction of animal homes, allowing these animals to survive and breathe in oxygenthat would otherwise increase global warming.
173.
Which statement describes how a single celled organism helps make a food product?
a)
Viruses that cause diseases are weakened and used to make vaccines.
b)
Yeast changes carbohydrates into carbon dioxide to make dough rise.
c)
Fungi release a chemical that keeps bacteria colonies from growing larger.
d)
Bacteria eat oil spilled in rivers and change it into less dangerous compounds.
174.
Aluminum is a metal that is used to produce beverage cans, machines,computers, wire, and many other products. An environmental organization decides to start a program to educate people about recycling aluminum products.
Which of these logically explains the importance of recycling aluminum?
Which of these logically explains the importance of recycling aluminum?
a)
It is important because more aluminum means more products can be stored in aluminum cans.
b)
It is unimportant because aluminum products make up only a small amount of landfill and produce little pollution.
c)
It is important because the amount of aluminum on Earth is limited and reusing aluminum conserves this resource.
d)
It is unimportant because more aluminum can be mined, so there is little need to keep reusing the same aluminum.
175.
Which table describes adaptations that allow organisms to survive in a desert environment?
a)
F
b)
G
c)
H
d)
I
176.
The following graph shows the distance of an object from its target every 20 minutes.
If the object’s speed is constant, when will it reach its target?
If the object’s speed is constant, when will it reach its target?
a)
about 105 minutes
b)
about 110 minutes
c)
about 120 minutes
d)
about 140 minutes
177.
Darnel wants to list types of radiation based on their ability to penetrate human skin.
Which list shows the order of radiation types from lowest to highest penetration?
Which list shows the order of radiation types from lowest to highest penetration?
a)
Infrared radiation, microwaves, radio waves, visible light, x-rays, gamma rays, UV rays
b)
X-rays, gamma rays, infrared radiation, microwaves, radio waves, UV rays, visible light
c)
Visible light, infrared radiation, UV rays, microwaves, radio waves, x-rays,gamma rays
d)
Radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, UV rays, x-rays, gamma rays
178.
Chloroplasts are organelles that are found in plant cells. Some plant tissue contains cells with large numbers of chloroplasts, while other tissue contains few chloroplasts.Which type of plant tissue contains cells with many chloroplasts?
a)
Stem, because chloroplasts are needed for plant growth
b)
Root, because chloroplasts are needed for water uptake
c)
Leaf, because chloroplasts are needed for photosynthesis
d)
Flower, because chloroplasts are needed for reproduction
179.
Synthetic fibers are used to make fabric, such as polyester. These fibers tend to last longer than cotton fibers. To address this, researchers are investigating cotton fibers that are more resistant to wear.
Which of these is a logical justification for using cotton fibers in fabric instead of synthetic fibers?
Which of these is a logical justification for using cotton fibers in fabric instead of synthetic fibers?
a)
Cotton is a renewable resource, but the materials used to make polyester are not.
b)
Cotton fabric is better than polyester fabric because it has been used for a longer time.
c)
Increasing the use of cotton will reduce the cost of producing it, making it a less expensive fabric than polyester.
d)
Clothes made of cotton fabric take up less room in a box, making them easier to ship than clothes made of polyester fabric.
180.
Animal cells contain an enzyme that breaks down hydrogen peroxide. Gas is released when hydrogen peroxide is broken down. A scientist used a pipette to drop hydrogen peroxide onto a sample of muscle tissue. Bubbles formed on the tissue. The scientist concluded that the enzyme was present in the muscle tissue.
Which type of observation led the scientist to form this conclusion?
Which type of observation led the scientist to form this conclusion?
a)
Qualitative observation of the amount of enzyme present in the tissue
b)
Qualitative observation of the bubbles formed from enzyme activity
c)
Quantitative observation of how much gas formed in the bubbles
d)
Quantitative observation of the amount of enzyme present in the tissue
181.
What can scientists conclude about a galaxy whose light is shifted toward shorter wavelengths?
a)
The galaxy is very distant and is moving away from Earth very rapidly.
b)
The galaxy is orbiting the center ofthe Milky Way at a very high speed.
c)
The galaxy is expanding so rapidly that it appears to be moving toward Earth.
d)
The galaxy is relatively close since a distant galaxy’s light is shifted toward longer wavelengths.
182.
Which of the following is a REACTANT of photosynthesis?
a)
Oxygen
b)
Carbon dioxide
c)
Sugar
d)
Heat
183.
Which of the following is a PRODUCT of photosynthesis?
a)
Oxygen
b)
Carbon dioxide
c)
Water
d)
Light
184.
Which is the following is NOT a sign of a chemical change?
a)
Releasing a gas
b)
Releasing bubbles
c)
Changing state
d)
Rearranging atoms
185.
Thermal energy transfers...
a)
From colder to hotter material
b)
From hotter to colder material
c)
by going back and forth
d)
balancing equations
186.
The state of matter with the molecules with the LOWEST amount of energy is....
a)
Gas
b)
Solid
c)
Liquid
187.
During a chemical reaction, atoms are NOT
a)
Rearranged
b)
Created
c)
Broken
d)
Growing
188.
Thermal energy refers to....
a)
Heat energy
b)
Light energy
c)
Potential Energy
d)
Rotational energy
189.
Particles in an atom that are neutral and have no charge are
a)
negatrons
b)
electrons
c)
neutrons
d)
protons
190.
The smallest particle of any particular type of matter is known by which of the following terms?
a)
Compound
b)
Atom
c)
Chemical
d)
Element
191.
all matter is made of what
a)
energy
b)
atoms
c)
electrons
d)
compounds
192.
If the number of protons equal the number of _____, the atom will have no charge
a)
protons
b)
neutrons
c)
electrons
d)
nucleus
193.
The subatomic particle with a negative charge is the
a)
electron
b)
proton
c)
neutron
d)
nucleus
194.
What is the atomic number?
a)
the number of protons
b)
the number of protons and neutrons
c)
the number of neutrons
d)
the number of protons and electrons
195.
What is the mass number?
a)
the number of protons
b)
the number of protons and neutrons
c)
the number of neutrons
d)
the number of protons and electrons
196.
An atom with an unequal number of protons and electrons is said to have (a) ___.
a)
no charge
b)
balance
c)
charge
d)
unbalance
197.
Ions are:
a)
atoms with a positive or negative charge
b)
atoms with no charge
c)
atoms with ONLY a positive charge
d)
atoms with ONLY a negative charge
198.
How many neutrons does the isotope of lithium have?
a)
8
b)
3
c)
4
d)
5
199.
How many protons does this isotope of titanium have?
a)
48
b)
22
c)
26
d)
70
200.
Density is...
a)
the amount of mass in an object
b)
the amount of space an object takes up
c)
the amount of mass in a given space
d)
the weight of an object
201.
Negatively charged part of an atom located in levels outside the nucleus
a)
Proton
b)
Neutron
c)
Electron
d)
Neutron
202.
Burning a piece of paper
a)
Chemical Change
b)
Physical Change
203.
Mixing salt and water
a)
Chemical Change
b)
Physical Change
204.
Melting Ice
a)
Chemical Change
b)
Physical Change
205.
Milk turning sour
a)
Chemical Change
b)
Physical Change
206.
A _________ is a substance made of two or more DIFFERENT elements chemically combined.
a)
mixture
b)
compound
c)
substance
207.
A mixture can be separated by ________ means.
a)
physical
b)
chemical
208.
Which of the following is NOT a mixture?
a)
NaCl + H2O
b)
C6H12O6 + H2O
c)
C6H12O6
d)
SiO2 +H2O
209.
Salt Water
a)
Compound
b)
Mixture
210.
Chalk and Vinegar
a)
Compound
b)
Mixture
211.
Has properties different than the elements that make it up
a)
Compound
b)
Mixture
212.
A bar of gold is made of only one ______
a)
Plasma
b)
Mixture
c)
Element
d)
Compound
213.
How many MOLECULES are in the following compound: CaCO3
a)
1
b)
3
c)
5
d)
0
214.
How many ATOMS are in the following compound: C2H4O2
a)
3
b)
8
c)
1
d)
6
215.
If I mix 8 grams of kool-aid powder with 82 grams of water, how much will the resulting kool-aid drink weigh?
a)
A little more than 82 grams
b)
74 grams
c)
90 grams
d)
82 grams
216.
A physical property can be observed by _________________.
a)
burning the substance
b)
changing the chemical identity of a substance
c)
using the senses
d)
placing the substance in acid
217.
Signs that a chemical change has occurred include
a)
a change in color
b)
the release of bubbles
c)
the production of an odor
d)
all of the above
218.
All the elements on the left side of the periodic table are called..
a)
Metals
b)
Metalloid
c)
Nonmetals
219.
A substance that is made up for one type of atom is called an:
a)
atom
b)
element
c)
compound
d)
mixture
220.
Where on the periodic table are the metalloids found?
a)
Right Side
b)
Along the Zig Zag Line
c)
Right Side
221.
All matter is made of what
a)
energy
b)
atoms
c)
electrons
d)
compounds
222.
Silicon is a semiconductor and has properties of both metals and nonmetals. What type of element is Silicon?
a)
Metal
b)
Nonmetal
c)
Metalloid
d)
Pretty
223.
Nonmetals are located in what section of this periodic table?
a)
Blue
b)
Yellow
c)
Pink
224.
H2
a)
Element
b)
Compound
225.
CO2
a)
Element
b)
Compound
226.
CaCo3
a)
Element
b)
Compound
227.
H2O
a)
Element
b)
Compound
228.
Where are electrons of an atom found?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Electron Cloud
c)
Some are in the nucleus and some in the electron cloud.
d)
They are moving everywhere.
229.
A negatively charged particle that moves around the nucleus is a(n)
a)
proton
b)
neutron
c)
electron
d)
quark
230.
Burning a piece of paper
a)
Chemical Change
b)
Physical Change
231.
Students were asked to identify the location of elements in the periodic table based on clues printed on game cards.
Based on the data, which periodic table shows the correct location of the four elements?
a)
b)
c)
d)
232.
Name for CO3
a)
carbon oxide
b)
carbon trioxide
c)
carbonate
d)
carbon (III) oxide
233.
A state of matter that has a definite volume and shape.
a)
solid
b)
liquid
c)
gas
d)
matter
234.
Something that takes up space and has mass.
a)
volume
b)
matter
c)
mass
d)
density
235.
What are the three states of matter?
a)
solid, volume, mass
b)
density, volume, mass
c)
solid, liquid, gas
d)
density, gas, volume
236.
Shape is a ____ that helps identify an object.
a)
physical property
b)
chemical property
c)
mass
d)
matter
237.
Iron + oxygen = rust is an example of a ___________.
a)
physical property/change
b)
chemical property/change
c)
mass
d)
volume
238.
a)
Chlorine wants to lose 7 electrons
b)
Chlorine wants to gain 1 electron
c)
Chlorine is stable
239.
a)
This is an ionic bond with electrons shared
b)
This is an ionic bond with electrons transferred
c)
This is a covalent bond with electrons shared
d)
This is a covalent bond with electrons transferred
240.
a)
This molecule would be named PCl3
b)
This molecule would be named ClP3
c)
This molecule would be named PCl
d)
This molecule would be named PCl3
241.
a)
The starred side represents the products
b)
The starred side represents the reactants
c)
The starred side represents a nuclear reaction
242.
This rule states that the energy cannot be gained or lost in a chemical reaction...
a)
Law of Conservation of Mass
b)
Theory of Relativity
c)
Law of Conservation of Energy
d)
Theory of Energy Saving
243.
This rule says that the amount of atoms in the reactants is equal to the amount of atoms in the products...
a)
Conservation of Energy
b)
E=MC2
c)
Conservation of Mass
d)
Rule of 8
244.
During an endothermic reaction, energy will be...
a)
released
b)
absorbed
c)
destroyed
d)
created
245.
Activation energy is needed during what part of a chemical reaction?
a)
to end a chemical reaction
b)
during a chemical reaction
c)
to start a chemical reation
246.
A(n) _____ is a unique substance that forms when two or more elements combine chemically.
a)
element
b)
compound
c)
mixture
d)
all of the above
247.
A compound always has the same ___________ in the same proportions (ratio).
a)
elements
b)
carbons
c)
mixtures
d)
ions
100 %
