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WorksheetsFinal Benchmark Review
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 2hrs 40mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Based on the map, which best describes how the physical features of Egypt affected its development?
a)
The Mediterranean sea bordered major cities.
b)
Large cities were created in the Western Desert.
c)
Many large cities developed along the Nile River.
d)
The Red Sea provided Lower Egypt with a barrier from attack.
2.
1. Trade routes linking West Africa and North Africa required the shipment of goods across the hot, dry Sahara Desert. It was difficult for the traders to carry these goods along these trade routes.
2. Domesticated camels were brought to the Sahara. The camels could go for long stretches without drinking, survive extreme temperatures, and haul heavy loads.
How did the camels affect the transport of goods across the Sahara Desert?
2. Domesticated camels were brought to the Sahara. The camels could go for long stretches without drinking, survive extreme temperatures, and haul heavy loads.
How did the camels affect the transport of goods across the Sahara Desert?
a)
Traders were able to use camels to stop trans-Saharan shipments of goods.
b)
Traders were able to drink the milk from camels during their journey.
c)
Camels made travel across the desert more reliable and safer.
d)
Camels slowed transport by requiring frequent drinks of water.
3.
I will sing of well-founded Earth,
Mother of all, eldest of all beings.
She feeds all creatures that are in the world,
All that go upon the goodly land,
And all that are in the paths of the seas,
And all that fly: all these are fed of her store.
Through you, O queen, men are blessed in their children
And blessed in their harvests,
And to you it belongs to give means of life
To mortal men and to take it away.
Excerpt from Homeric Hymn “To Earth Mother of All” translated by H.G. Evelyn-White
Which value of Greek civilization is reflected in this hymn?
Mother of all, eldest of all beings.
She feeds all creatures that are in the world,
All that go upon the goodly land,
And all that are in the paths of the seas,
And all that fly: all these are fed of her store.
Through you, O queen, men are blessed in their children
And blessed in their harvests,
And to you it belongs to give means of life
To mortal men and to take it away.
Excerpt from Homeric Hymn “To Earth Mother of All” translated by H.G. Evelyn-White
Which value of Greek civilization is reflected in this hymn?
a)
The Greeks believed that Gods and Goddesses were involved in natural events.
b)
The Greeks believed that humans became Gods and Goddesses after death.
c)
The Greeks believed that Gods and Goddesses were at war with humans.
d)
The Greeks believed that Gods and Goddesses needed sacrifices offered by humans to stay alive.
4.
How did innovations that developed over time—such as writing, trade routes, schools, and the printing press—affect societies?
a)
They increased the spreading of ideas.
b)
They reduced the construction of buildings.
c)
They limited contact between peoples.
d)
They lowered literacy rates.
5.
How did innovations such as irrigation, aqueducts, and improved farm techniques transform civilizations?
a)
Innovations made it possible to expand settlements at arid locations.
b)
Innovations increased the number of hunters and gatherers.
c)
Innovations required smaller herds and less livestock.
d)
Innovations decreased the size of cities.
6.
Legalism: belief that leaders should rule with force
Confucianism: The ruler bears responsibility for the well-being of the people and, therefore, for peace and order in the empire.
Chinese leaders moved from a legalistic government to a government based on Confucianism. How did Confucianism transform the society?
Confucianism: The ruler bears responsibility for the well-being of the people and, therefore, for peace and order in the empire.
Chinese leaders moved from a legalistic government to a government based on Confucianism. How did Confucianism transform the society?
a)
Government leaders became concerned with the condition of China's citizens.
b)
Military leaders became more important than educators and priests.
c)
Farmers became less dependent on government subsidies and support.
d)
Merchants became concerned with the economic issues affecting China's citizens.
7.
Hammurabi was the King of Babylon from 1792 BCE to 1750 BCE. Hammurabi wrote The Code of Hammurabi, the oldest set of laws known to exist, which was made up of 282 laws. The code was carved in stone for all to see and read.
Facts about The Code of Hammurabi
This was the first written code—people could see it. This increased people’s ability to read.
The code treated women fairly.
The harsh punishments made civilizations safer.
The code reinforced class structures-punishments were different for the different classes.
Based on the information above: how did Hammurabi help to transform society?
Facts about The Code of Hammurabi
This was the first written code—people could see it. This increased people’s ability to read.
The code treated women fairly.
The harsh punishments made civilizations safer.
The code reinforced class structures-punishments were different for the different classes.
Based on the information above: how did Hammurabi help to transform society?
a)
His laws got rid of the existing class system.
b)
He required that every class be punished equally.
c)
He continued the practice of treating women differently than men.
d)
His laws were written to include women.
8.
Timeline of Legal Codes
1700BCE: Hammurabi’s code in Babylon created strict laws and punishments.
550 BCE: Solon’s code in Greece created less strict laws and punishments.
1215 CE: Magna Carta in England limits a king’s power and protects citizens’ rights.
How has the role of legal codes evolved through time in human societies?
1700BCE: Hammurabi’s code in Babylon created strict laws and punishments.
550 BCE: Solon’s code in Greece created less strict laws and punishments.
1215 CE: Magna Carta in England limits a king’s power and protects citizens’ rights.
How has the role of legal codes evolved through time in human societies?
a)
Laws have become stricter over time.
b)
Legal codes have been based on religious beliefs.
c)
Governments have never supported the rights of citizens.
d)
Legal codes have gradually given more protections to citizens.
9.
Kings wanted to control decision making in their governments. How did this desire affect the structures of governments?
a)
Governments became constitutional monarchies when the king or queen shared the power with a legislative council.
b)
Governments became hereditary monarchies when kings and queens transferred power to their children.
c)
Governments became absolute monarchies when the king or queen held all power in their hands.
d)
Governments became elected monarchies when kings or queens were elected by the people.
10.
The Chinese civilization began along the Yellow River basin around 1700 BCE and soon spread along other rivers in China. Yellow River floods enriched the surrounding soils, allowing farmers to produce surplus crops and domesticate animals. Yellow River floods often destroyed early settlements and ruined crop production for years.
How did geography affect the development of Chinese civilization?
How did geography affect the development of Chinese civilization?
a)
The growth of Chinese civilization depended on the Yellow River, but the Yellow River also brought suffering to Chinese people.
b)
The growth of Chinese civilization was slowed by the Yellow River and it only flourished when people moved away from rivers.
c)
The natural resources of China encouraged Chinese people to build massive public works projects to benefit the poor.
d)
The natural resources of China encouraged Chinese farmers to create artificial rivers, like the Yellow River, where they could produce crops.
11.
The Roman Forum
The Roman forum was located at the center of Ancient Rome. It was a gathering place where public events were held. Soon the forum grew to also include merchant shops, temples, and government buildings. The forum became the religious, economic, and government center for Rome.
Based on the above information, how did the forum contribute to Roman civilization?
The Roman forum was located at the center of Ancient Rome. It was a gathering place where public events were held. Soon the forum grew to also include merchant shops, temples, and government buildings. The forum became the religious, economic, and government center for Rome.
Based on the above information, how did the forum contribute to Roman civilization?
a)
Instead of being solely focused on commerce, the forum also fulfilled cultural needs of the Romans.
b)
The forum provided cheaper prices for Romans than other markets.
c)
Government buildings were the focus of the forum, showcasing the power of the Roman government.
d)
Forum ruins still can be found today, because they were so well built.
12.
As restrictions and prohibitions are multiplied in the Empire, the people grow poorer and poorer. When the people are subjected to overmuch government, the land is thrown into confusion . . . . The greater the number of laws and enactments, the more thieves and robbers there will be. Therefore the Sage says: “So long as I do nothing, the people will work out their own reformation. So long as I love calm, the people will right themselves. If only I keep from meddling, the people will grow rich. If only I am free from desire, the people will come naturally back to simplicity.”
The Sayings of Lao-Tzu: ‘Government’ translated by Lionel Giles, 1904
What were Lao-Tzu's views on government?
The Sayings of Lao-Tzu: ‘Government’ translated by Lionel Giles, 1904
What were Lao-Tzu's views on government?
a)
Lao-Tzu thought that people were naturally evil and needed many laws to govern their behavior.
b)
Lao-Tzu advocated for limited government involvement in people's everyday lives.
c)
Lao-Tzu believed that only people from the upper class were fit to govern.
d)
Lao-Tzu felt that regulations on trade would lead to more people becoming rich.
13.
In 711 CE, the Moors invaded Spain and established Islamic rule. During this period, philosophy, mathematics, and science flourished in the nation. For instance, Ibn Zuhr, a physican and surgeon, tested medical procedures on animals before using them on humans. His work was translated into Latin and Hebrew and had a significant impact on the medical field. Spain remained closely connected to Baghdad for 200 years before becoming independent. Spain was one of the wealthiest areas of Europe during the period of Moorish rule.
Based on the passage, how did the Moorish invasion of Spain affect civilization in the region?
Based on the passage, how did the Moorish invasion of Spain affect civilization in the region?
a)
It forbade the advancement of philosophy and emphasized religion.
b)
It led to the development of new scientific and mathematical techniques.
c)
It created an isolated area of economic development and trade.
d)
It transformed Spain into a society primarily concerned with military power.
14.
All south from this is named the Middle Kingdom. . . . The people . . . have not to . . . attend to any magistrates and their rules; only those who cultivate the royal land have to pay (a portion of) the grain from it. . . . The king governs without . . . corporal punishments. Criminals are simply fined, lightly or heavily, according to the circumstances (of each case). A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms by Faxian, translated by James Legge, 1886
But in Crete . . . all the fruits of the earth, of cattle, of the public revenues . . . one portion is assigned to the gods and to the service of the state, and another to the common meals, so that men, women, and children are all supported out of a common stock. The Politics of Aristotle, translated by Benjamin Jowett, 1885
Based on the excerpts, how did the responsibilities of citizens in the Middle Kingdom compare to those of citizens of Crete?
But in Crete . . . all the fruits of the earth, of cattle, of the public revenues . . . one portion is assigned to the gods and to the service of the state, and another to the common meals, so that men, women, and children are all supported out of a common stock. The Politics of Aristotle, translated by Benjamin Jowett, 1885
Based on the excerpts, how did the responsibilities of citizens in the Middle Kingdom compare to those of citizens of Crete?
a)
In both kingdoms, citizens were required to contribute a portion of their crops to provide food for citizens in the kingdom in which they lived.
b)
Citizens of the Middle Kingdom had to pay a portion of their crops only if they used royal land, but in Crete everyone had to pay a portion to the state.
c)
In both kingdoms, citizens had to grow crops on royal land and give their proceeds to the king, who distributed them evenly among citizens of the kingdom.
d)
Citizens of the Middle Kingdom had to pay a portion of their crops to their government, while in Crete only citizens in the highest social class had to make a contribution.
15.
Hail to thee, O Nile! Who...comes to give life to Egypt!...Watering the orchards created by Re, to cause all the cattle to live, you give the earth to drink, inexhaustible one!...Lord of the fish, during the inundation, no bird alights on the crops. You create the grain, you bring forth the barley, assuring perpetuity to the temples. If you cease your toil and your work, then all that exists is in anguish. If the gods suffer in heaven, then the faces of men waste away. "Hymn to the Nile" by Ennana c. 2100 BCE, translated by Paul Guieysse, 1889.
Which values of ancient Egyptian civilization are reflected in "Hymn to the Nile"?
Which values of ancient Egyptian civilization are reflected in "Hymn to the Nile"?
a)
Ancient Egyptians valued the Nile River and believed that it brought life to the land.
b)
Ancient Egyptians valued the pharaoh and believed that he controlled the Nile River which made the crops grow.
c)
Ancient Egyptians valued their military and believed that the military would protect farmers.
d)
Ancient Egyptians valued the desert land that they lived on and believed that it would provide them with crops.
16.
[Baghdad straddled] the banks of the [River] Tigris . . . The water exits, both on the north and the south, were, like the city gates, guarded night and day by relays of soldiers stationed in the watch towers on both sides of the river. Every household was plentifully supplied with water “at all seasons” by the numerous aqueducts which intersected the town . . . A Short History of the Saracens, by Syed Ameer Ali, 1899
Based on the excerpt, how did the city's location on a river influence its development?
Based on the excerpt, how did the city's location on a river influence its development?
a)
The river provided a natural barrier to protect Baghdad from invasion by enemies.
b)
The river provided a supply of fish that could be traded throughout the region for other goods.
c)
Because of the river, traders were easily able to access Baghdad from throughout the region.
d)
The river provided an easily accessible supply of water that was transported throughout the city via aqueducts.
17.
Accounts of the Routes of the Jewish Merchants to the East, 847: These merchants . . . journey from west to east, from east to west, partly on land, partly by sea. . . . On their return they carry back musk, aloes, camphor, cinnamon, and other products of the Eastern countries . . . where they again embark on the Western Sea. Book of Ways by Ibn Khordadhbeh, 847, translated by Joseph Jacobs, 1919
How did the Jewish merchants’ trade routes affect people living in Asia and Europe?
How did the Jewish merchants’ trade routes affect people living in Asia and Europe?
a)
People began to move away from the routes used by the foreign traders.
b)
People were able to buy and trade goods with people from other regions.
c)
People needed to build ships to participate in the trade.
d)
People learned to avoid speaking foreign languages.
18.
Based on the chart, how does the Himalayan Mountain Range differ from the Andes and the Appalachian Mountain Ranges?
a)
The Andes and the Appalachian Mountains have precipitation all year, while the Himalayas are dry.
b)
The Andes and the Appalachian Mountains both are home to rain forests, while the Himalayas are not.
c)
The Andes and the Appalachian Mountains vary in climate, while the Himalayas stay snow-covered all year.
d)
The Andes and the Appalachian Mountains are located in Asia, while the Himalayas are located in South America.
19.
A single population of modern humans migrated from southern Siberia...and crossed over to the Americas 16,500 years ago...Sites all around the country...now provide more promising indications that the earliest Americans spread throughout the continent at least 14,500 years ago. Currently, the oldest claim for human settlement in the Americas lies at the Topper Site in South Carolina, dating back to about 15,000 years ago. "Other Migration Theories" Bering Land Bridge National Preserve, National Park Service
Based on the text, how did the migration of the first people in America affect the region?
Based on the text, how did the migration of the first people in America affect the region?
a)
they came from different regions and fought over territory.
b)
They populated areas throughout the modern United States.
c)
They quickly developed permanent settlements in the Americas.
d)
They continued to use common languages and cultural practices.
20.
Towns in medieval Europe neglected their water supplies and did not construct sanitation systems. How did this choice affect the quality of life of medieval Europeans living in towns?
a)
It decreased as they left towns to live in the countryside.
b)
It improved as they quickly learned more about medicine.
c)
It increased as they organized to create advanced technologies.
d)
It declined as they suffered from diseases coming from water.
21.
Leif said to his companions, "I propose now to divide our company into two groups, and to set about an exploration of the country. One-half of our party shall remain at home at the house, while the other half shall investigate the land; and they must not go beyond a point from which they can return home the same evening, and are not to separate (from each other)." "The Saga of Eric the Red" 1387, translated by Arthur Middleton Reeves, 1890
Based on the excerpt, what role did Leif Ericsson play in transforming Viking society?
Based on the excerpt, what role did Leif Ericsson play in transforming Viking society?
a)
His explorations led to a war with the people of Greenland.
b)
His expeditions led to him becoming king of the Vikings.
c)
His voyages led to the expansion of the Viking territory.
d)
His journeys led to the development of trading routes with Asia.
22.
Which city is important to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam?
a)
Rome
b)
Constantinople
c)
Mecca
d)
Jerusalem
23.
The movement patterns of early humans were mostly determined by:
a)
Tribal wars
b)
Language development
c)
animal migration
d)
religious practices
24.
Early people stopped roaming with the:
a)
development of agriculture
b)
building of aqueducts
c)
invention of the wheel
d)
discovery of iron
25.
Explorations and conquests occurred in the Middle Ages. How did they affect relationships between societies?
a)
They caused long-lasting peace with the help of religion.
b)
They caused empires to close off access between their societies.
c)
They caused outbreaks of violence and closed all trade routes.
d)
They caused trade routes and communication to open between societies.
26.
Life in Sparta was different from life in Athens because Sparta had:
a)
a militaristic society
b)
an artistic society
c)
a democratic society
d)
an individualistic society
27.
No freeman shall be taken, imprisoned...or in any way destroyed. Nor will we proceed against him or prosecute him, except by the lawful judgement of his peers...
Magna Carta, 1215
Based on this quote, how ere the legal rights of freeman changed?
Magna Carta, 1215
Based on this quote, how ere the legal rights of freeman changed?
a)
Freemen were given the right to live without government interference.
b)
The king was granted the right to live without government interference.
c)
The king acquired the power to imprison freemen at his will.
d)
Freemen gained the right to a trial by a jury of citizens.
28.
1. Silk
2. Paper
3. Compass
The trade goods in the list FIRST came from which civilization?
2. Paper
3. Compass
The trade goods in the list FIRST came from which civilization?
a)
Islamic
b)
Chinese
c)
European
d)
African
29.
What was a major effect of the Crusades on Europe?
a)
Economic control of North Africa
b)
Increased influence of the Patriach
c)
Religious toleration for Jews
d)
Increased trade with Arab culture
30.
An absolute monarchy is a type of government structure. Which of the statements describes this type of structure?
a)
The citizens have an equal say in their government.
b)
The citizens elect representatives to run the government.
c)
The ruler has complete power over the citizens or inhabitants.
d)
The ruler has control of the government but citizens have rights.
31.
The mountains of South America made farmland difficult to find. How did ancient people adapt to this?
a)
They used terrace farming.
b)
They grew crops in the valleys.
c)
They used large farm animals to plow.
d)
They moved to a new growing area each season.
32.
Which statement shows how trade routes influenced ancient societies?
a)
As travel over land became easier, trade by water became unnecessary.
b)
As different civilizations traded goods, they also shared cultural values and beliefs.
c)
As trade developed, long distance travel became safe and easy.
d)
As silk grew popular, it became a common material used in clothing across civilizations.
33.
The Maya, Aztec, and Inca civilizations each developed
a)
Powerful seafaring traditions
b)
Monotheistic religious systems
c)
democratic governments
d)
complex architectural structures.
34.
A young man concerned with winning political debates would most likely consult with which philosopher?
a)
Socrates
b)
A Sophist
c)
Aristotle
d)
Plato
35.
The Grand Canal tied together China's two main rivers, the _______________ and the ______________
a)
Peking and Tar
b)
Huang He and Yangtze
c)
Wu Chao and Khan
d)
Wei and Tang
36.
The earliest Greek plays tended to be
a)
comedies
b)
trilogies
c)
tragedies
d)
Euripides
37.
The geography of Greece helped create
a)
A large Greek empire
b)
many small states
c)
unity among Greeks
d)
isolation from the outside world
38.
What was one of the most important contributions of the Greek city-state of Athens?
a)
development of direct democracy
b)
diffusion of a monotheistic belief system
c)
promotion of the equality of all humans
d)
creation of a writing system using hieroglyphics.
39.
The Parthenon stands at the top of the
a)
Temple of Olympia
b)
Acropolis
c)
Temple Mount
d)
Colosseum
40.
In a Greek city-state, citizens included
a)
free, native born men and women
b)
free native born and foreign men
c)
all adult men and women
d)
free, native born men
41.
Members of India's priestly class were called...
a)
jati
b)
Upanishads
c)
Sudras
d)
Brahmins
42.
Hindus believed that caste could be changed by
a)
moving
b)
marriage
c)
the law of karma
d)
the emperor
43.
Both Hindus and Buddhists believed in
a)
the caste system
b)
violence
c)
formal rituals
d)
reincarnation
44.
Why is the Gupta reign called the Golden Age of Hindu culture?
a)
Many new lands were added to the empire.
b)
Learning, literature, and art flourished.
c)
The crops in the river valley were a golden color.
d)
The Guptas established a gold currency standard.
45.
There came from India certain monks...they promised the emperor in an interview that they would provide the materials for making silk so that never should the Romans seek business of this kind from their enemy the Persians, or from any other people whatsoever...Thus began the art of making silk from that time on in the Roman empire."Procopius: The Roman Silk Industry, c 500". Modernized by Jerome Arkenberg
How did the negotiations between the Indian monks and the Roman emperor affect the silk trade in the Roman Empire?
How did the negotiations between the Indian monks and the Roman emperor affect the silk trade in the Roman Empire?
a)
The Roman empire started to import silk from India rather than from Persia.
b)
The Indian monks offered to establish a route for silk trade with Persia.
c)
The Roman empire no longer had to import silk because it could be produced locally.
d)
The Persians offered a better price for silk, so the Romans began to trade with them.
46.
Speaker A: It was a combination of the Protestant wind and the island nature of our nation that protected us. Surely, Philip must be upset at his defeat.
Speaker B: Our archipelago and divine winds have protected us once again. The Mongols may have taken China, but they cannot conquer us.
Speaker C: To support our growing population, we must find a suitable way to farm. With floating gardens on our lake, we should be able to grow enough to meet our demand.
Speaker D: We have connected highland and lowland areas by building networks of roads and bridges. We have also built terraces into our mountains for growing crops.
Which two speakers discuss how their society modified their environment?
Speaker B: Our archipelago and divine winds have protected us once again. The Mongols may have taken China, but they cannot conquer us.
Speaker C: To support our growing population, we must find a suitable way to farm. With floating gardens on our lake, we should be able to grow enough to meet our demand.
Speaker D: We have connected highland and lowland areas by building networks of roads and bridges. We have also built terraces into our mountains for growing crops.
Which two speakers discuss how their society modified their environment?
a)
A and B
b)
B and C
c)
C and D
d)
D and A
47.
1. Began in 500 BC
2. Hoped to preserve order in society.
3. Attempted to establish a harmonious society.
4. Created a system of ethics for society.
Which individual was responsible for the Chinese social movement described above?
2. Hoped to preserve order in society.
3. Attempted to establish a harmonious society.
4. Created a system of ethics for society.
Which individual was responsible for the Chinese social movement described above?
a)
Buddha
b)
Asoka
c)
Confucius
d)
Shi Huangdi
48.
The art and architecture of ancient Egypt was designed to emphasize the...
a)
value of arts in daily life.
b)
role of the individuals as an artist.
c)
idea of beauty as seen by the artist.
d)
religious idea of eternal life.
49.
Feudal relationships defined land ownership and protection between...
a)
serfs and peasants
b)
lords and vassals
c)
kings and queens
d)
merchants and serfs
50.
Throughout history, a basic purpose of government has been to provide...
a)
equal rights for all people.
b)
laws to maintain order.
c)
representation for all social classes.
d)
separate political and religious systems.
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