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Ecology

Total questions: 141

Worksheet time: 2hrs 14mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Biotic factors of an ecosystem are:
a)
non-living
b)
plants
c)
living thing
d)
soil
2.
Identify an a example of an abiotic factor?
a)
Panda
b)
Turtle
c)
Butterfly
d)
sunlight
3.
Temperature, light, air, water, and soil are all  _____  parts of the environment
a)
alive
b)
biotic 
c)
abiotic
d)
living
4.
Which of the following choices only includes abiotic factors?
a)
Sunlight, algae, and temperature
b)
Fish, crabs, oxygen
c)
Sunlight, soil, and oxygen
d)
Algae, temperature, and dog
5.
Biomes with densely packed trees sometimes form a continuous green "roof" layer called a: 
a)
canopy
b)
ceiling
c)
green layer
d)
forest top
6.
Which biome holds the greatest biodiversity?
a)
grassland
b)
tundra
c)
rainforest
d)
desert
7.
The trees in this biome shed their leaves and grow new ones each year:
a)
temperate deciduous forest
b)
grasslands
c)
deserts
d)
tundra
8.
The ability to conserve water is an important adaptation in which biome?
a)
Coniferous Forest
b)
Deciduous Forest
c)
Desert
d)
Tundra
9.
Which biome features permanently frozen soil called permafrost?
a)
Coniferous Forest
b)
Deciduous Forest
c)
Desert
d)
Tundra
10.
The area of the map shaded in green represents which of the following terrestrial biome
a)
Coniferous Forrest
b)
Deciduous Forrest 
c)
Desert
d)
Tundra
11.
The area of the map shaded in dark blue represents which of the following terrestrial biome
a)
Coniferous Forest
b)
Deciduous Forest
c)
Desert
d)
Tundra
12.
Which of the following BEST MATCHES the meaning of the word TEMPERATE.
a)
temperatures within moderate limits
b)
an area with trees and bushes
c)
a forest with plants growing together
d)
an area with all the same temperature
13.
Coniferous (Boreal) forests are made up primarily of trees that _______________.
a)
change color in the fall
b)
bear cones
c)
shed their leaves
d)
have thin bark
14.
The term "terrestrial" means
a)
land.
b)
water.
15.
What is the ocean floor called?
a)
Photic Zone
b)
Aphotic Zone
c)
Benthic Zone
16.
What are some problems associated with low tide?
a)
Waves crashing on shore may affect an organism's ability to hold on.
b)
Organisms may dry out due to lack of water.
c)
Organisms are exposed to direct sunlight.
d)
All of the above.
17.
Which of the following is the best definition for estuary?
a)
Narrow band of coastline that exists between high and low tide.
b)
Areas along the coast where fresh water from rivers mixes with salt water from the ocean.
c)
Flowing fresh water containing rapids.
d)
Freshwater aquatic areas that are saturated by water for at least part of the year.
18.
Which two biomes have the least precipitation?
a)
tropical rain forest and temperate grasslan
b)
savanna and tropical dry forest
c)
tundra and desert
d)
boreal forest and temperate woodland
19.
The word that best describes the average conditions over time is?
a)
Climate
b)
Global average
c)
Weather
d)
Precip and Temp
20.
In which biome is Georgia located?
a)
tropical rainforest
b)
temperate rainforest
c)
temperate deciduous forest
d)
alpine forest
21.
Which biome receives between 0 to 25 centimeters of rain per year, has a temperature range of 0 to 50 degrees Celsius, has poor soil, and is home to lizards, scorpions, and snakes?
a)
desert
b)
mountain
c)
taiga
d)
tundra
22.
Which biome is MOST LIKE the "desert" in terms of precipitation?
a)
tropical rainforest
b)
temperate deciduous forest
c)
tundra
d)
coniferous forest
23.
List the zones of ocean areas from shallow to deep.
a)
Neritic, intertidal, oceanic.
b)
Oceanic, neritic, intertidal
c)
Intertidal, neritic, oceanic.
d)
Intertidal, oceanic, neritic
24.
Why doesn’t photosynthesis occur in deep ocean water?
a)
There is no sunlight.
b)
There are not enough nutrients. 
c)
The salinity level of the water is too high.
d)
The water temperature is too cold.
25.
This biome is found around the equator and is home to a large amount of biodiversity.
a)
Deserts
b)
Tropical Rain Forests
c)
Savannas
d)
Chaparral 
26.
A ______________ eats mainly other animals.
a)
carnivore
b)
omnivore
c)
herbivore
d)
decomposer
27.
A ____________ breaks down waste or dead organisms and recycles nutrients.
a)
consumer
b)
producer
c)
decomposer
d)
omnivore
28.
A(n) ________________ eats mainly plants.
a)
producer
b)
carnivore
c)
herbivore
d)
omnivore
29.
An animal that hunts for its food
a)
prey
b)
predator
c)
producer
d)
decomposer
30.
An animal that is hunted for food.
a)
predator
b)
prey
c)
consumer
d)
decomposer
31.
Shows how energy flows from one organism to another.
a)
food cycle
b)
prey chain
c)
food chain
d)
predator cycle
32.
An organism that makes its own food for energy
a)
consumer
b)
predator
c)
prey
d)
producer
33.
An organism that cannot make its own food
a)
consumer
b)
producer
c)
tree
d)
leaf
34.
Which is the best description of an ecosystem?
a)
all of the living and nonliving things in an area
b)
all of the individuals of one species in an are
c)
all of the populations of living things in an area
d)
all of the abiotic factors in an area
35.
What is the role of a tree in a food chain?
a)
It breaks down wastes and dead organisms
b)
It uses the sun's energy to make food.
c)
It eats other organisms.
d)
It cannot make its own food.
36.
This drawing shows a forest ecosystem.  Which of the animals is an herbivore?
a)
fox
b)
frog
c)
deer
d)
ducks
37.
Symbiosis. Which two living things interact in a way that is a Win-Win?
a)
fleas and a dog
b)
flowers and bees
c)
a hawk and a mouse
d)
a person and mosquitos
38.
Mistletoe grows on an oak tree in a forest ecosystem.  The mistletoe gets all of its nutrients from the oak tree but the oak tree does not benefit.  The mistletoe is a _________________
a)
host
b)
producer
c)
consumer
d)
parasite
39.
What is the name for all the animals of the same species living in an ecosystem?
a)
Population
b)
Community
40.
Which is a non-living part of an ecosystem?
a)
Sunlight
b)
Air
c)
Water
d)
All of these
41.
Which of these is NOT an example of an ecosystem?
a)
Rainforest
b)
A city
c)
Desert
d)
Deep ocean
42.
What connects many
food chains?
a)
non-renewable resouce
b)
food web
c)
primary consumer
d)
renewable resource
43.
All ecosystems begin with the
__________.
a)
animals
b)
renewable resource
c)
plants
d)
sun
44.
___________ is the study of the
relationship between organisms and thier
environment.
a)
ecosystem
b)
food chain
c)
ecology
d)
healthy
45.
When organisms need the same limited resources, there is ______________ .
a)
an extra resource
b)
competition
c)
extinction
d)
mutation
46.
Choose the complete and logical food chain.
a)
sun-plant-rabbit- eagle
b)
deer - squirrel- plant-sun
c)
sun -deer-plant- eagle
d)
eagle- squirrel-rabbit- plant- eagle
47.
What is an adaptation?
a)
A feature or behavior that helps an animal survie.
b)
The food that an animal eats.
c)
How energy moves in a food web.
48.
How do adaptations help animals?
a)
To hide from predators
b)
to hunt for food
c)
to survive in their habitats
d)
All of these are correct
49.
When an animal looks like another animal it is called ______________.
a)
camouflage
b)
mimicry
c)
warning coloration
d)
protective resemblance
50.
A Viceroy butterfly looking like a bright colored poisonous Monarch butterfly is an example of __________.
a)
camouflage
b)
mimicry
c)
warning coloration
d)
protective resemblance
51.
Michael went to the circus and saw a seal balance a beach ball on its nose.  This is an example of a...
a)
instinct
b)
mimicry
c)
camouflage
d)
learned behavior
52.
A rabbit blends in with its environment is called
a)
camouflage
b)
counter shading
c)
mimicry
53.
 Which of these BEST describes how some birds survive when the weather gets cold? 

     
a)
 a.   They store twigs and sticks in their nest 
b)
 b. They migrate to a warmer climate 
c)
 c. They grow more feathers to stay warm in the winter 
d)
 d. They hide in bushes and wait for warm weather 
54.
Why do some animals hibernate?
a)
The cold weather makes them sleepy.
b)
Their food supply is smaller in the winter.
c)
They have no one to play with.
d)
They have low energy in the winter
55.
An ________ eats both plants and animals.
a)
carnivore
b)
omnivore
c)
herbivore
d)
producer
56.
What might occur when a carnivore is removed from the food web?
a)
A)  Nothing.  Organisms cannot impact things below them on the energy pyramid.
b)
B)  Primary consumers will overpopulate.
c)
C)  Plants will be over browsed by herbivores.
d)
D)  both B and C might occur.
57.
relationship in which two species live closely together
a)
resource
b)
mutualism
c)
succession
d)
symbiosis
58.
A living relationship between two species in which one organism is harmed is called...
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
parasitism
d)
niche
59.
Which is NOT an abiotic factor:
a)
soil
b)
air
c)
bacteria;
d)
water
60.
What percentage of energy is passed on to each tropic level?
a)
10%
b)
50%
c)
90%
d)
100%
61.
What might happen if you remove a primary consumer from the ecosystem?
a)
There would be more food for secondary consumers.
b)
The number of primary consumers would increase.
c)
The number of plants would increase.
d)
The number of secondary consumers would increase.
62.
How do producers obtain energy?
a)
They conduct photosynthesis.
b)
They consume plants.
c)
They consume primary consumers.
d)
They consume secondary consumers.
63.
Where do decomposers go in your food chain?
a)
at the beginning
b)
they don't belong in a food chain
c)
at the end
d)
at every level
64.
A food web can be broken down into several seperate
a)
food chains
b)
food pyramids
c)
producers
d)
consumers
65.
Which represents the largest group in a food web?
a)
carnivores
b)
omnivores
c)
herbivores
d)
producers
66.
diagram that shows the energy available to each trophic level in an ecosystem; 10% is passed on to upper levels, the rest is lost as heat
a)
succession 
b)
cellular respiration
c)
energy pyramid
d)
biochemical cycle
67.
symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other organism is harmed 
a)
secondary succession 
b)
predation
c)
pioneer species 
d)
parasitism
68.
anything that an organism needs to live, ex. food, water, space
a)
carrying capacity
b)
resource
c)
succession
d)
denitrification 
69.
largest number of individuals of a population that the environment can support  
a)
carrying capacity
b)
primary succession 
c)
denitrification
d)
mutualism
70.
a relationship between two in which one species, the predator, feeds on the other species, the prey
a)
chemosynthesis
b)
predation
c)
cellular respiration 
d)
commensalism
71.
symbiotic relationship in which one organisms benefits and the other organism is not affected
a)
invasive (non-native) species
b)
mutualism 
c)
nitrogen fixation
d)
commensalism
72.
symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit
a)
competition
b)
Mutualism
c)
nitrogen fixation
d)
energy pyramid
73.
Step in the food chain, food web, or ecological pyramid
a)
trophic Level
b)
abiotic factors
c)
community 
d)
ecosystem
74.
A large area that has a specific type of climate and certain types of plant and animal communities 
a)
ecosystem
b)
habitat
c)
niche
d)
biome
75.
Network of all food in an ecosystem
a)
ecology
b)
food web
c)
decomposer
d)
food chain
76.
Study of interactions between organisms and their environment 
a)
niche
b)
community 
c)
ecology
d)
ecosystem
77.
Where an organism lives
a)
habitat
b)
niche 
c)
heterotrogh
d)
biosphere
78.
Non-living factor that affects an ecosystem
a)
biotic factor
b)
abiotic factor
c)
food chain 
d)
biome
79.
Consumer that eats plants
a)
heterotroph
b)
herbivore
c)
producer
d)
community
80.
Living factors or organisms that affect an ecosystem
a)
abiotic factors
b)
species
c)
trophic level
d)
biotic factors
81.
Series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten
a)
foodweb
b)
consumer
c)
food chain
d)
omnivore
82.
The unique position that a species has in the physical use of its habitat and in its function (job) within an ecosystem  
a)
producer
b)
biotic factors
c)
ecosystem
d)
niche
83.
Organisms that makes its own food using sunlight or chemicals; producer
a)
decomposer
b)
autotroph
c)
heterotroph
d)
herbivore
84.
Consumer that eats animals or meat
a)
carnivore
b)
omnivore 
c)
consumer
d)
producer
85.
What type of symbiosis?
  * Hummingbirds feed on nectar from flowers.
 * 
Flowers are pollinated by hummingbirds as they move from flower to flower.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
86.
What type of symbiosis?
*
Snapping Shrimp have poor and depend on their goby fish roommate to give the danger signal when predators come and guide them
back home if they wander too far.   
*
  Goby fish who don't have a place to hide are quickly eaten. They find a Snapping Shrimp roommate who digs a hole for both to live in.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
87.
What type of symbiosis?
*
The tick lives on dog and feeds on its blood and tissue.
*
  The dog gets skin irritation and can pick up diseases carried by tick.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predfation
88.
What type of symbiosis?
*
  The Red-Chested cuckoo birds find an unattended robin nest, push out the robin eggs, and lay their eggs in the robin’s nest, and leave.
*
 Robin babies die and robin parents feed  and take care of the cuckoo babies.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
89.
What type of symbiosis?
*Mycorrhizal fungi invade and live in or among roots cells of many plants. The plant provides nutrients to the fungi.
*
The Mycorrhizal fungi help the host plant absorb inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus from the soil. Some mycorrhizal  fungi also secrete antibiotics which may help protect their host from invasion by parasitic fungi and bacteria.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
90.
What type of symbiosis?
*
 Mycorrhizal fungi invade and live in or among roots cells of many plants. The plant provides nutrients to the fungi.
*
  The Mycorrhizal fungi help the host plant absorb inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus from the soil. Some mycorrhizal  fungi also secrete antibiotics which may help protect their host from invasion by parasitic fungi and bacteria.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
91.
What type of symbiosis?
*
Remora use suckers to attach temporarily to large marine animals such as sharks, manta rays, whales, turtles, or large fish.
*
The shark provides free transportation, protection, and dropped food and feces which the remora feeds on. The host is not injured.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
92.
What type of symbiosis?
*
Fungi form lichens by living in a close relationship with an algae. The fungus provides a protective home for the algae,  and gathers mineral nutrients from rainwater and from dissolving the rock underneath.
*
The algae gathers energy from the sun using photosynthesis. Both organisms share their nutrients with each other. 
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
93.
What type of symbiosis?
*
Honeyguide birds find a bee hive, then chatter loudly to attract the Honey badger. They fly toward the hive making sure the badger is following. 
*
Upon arrival at the bee hive, the badger tears open the hive and feasts on the honey. Then the Honeyguide bird feeds on the remaining wax and larvae.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
94.
What type of symbiosis?
*
  Skunk Cabbage plants attract flies in cool weather by making heat and provide food to the flies that come. 
*
  Flies move from one Skunk Cabbage plant to   the next feeding and transferring pollen as they go.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasititsm
d)
predation
95.
What type of symbiosis?
*
  Human intestine provides food for bacteria that live inside digestive system
*
Beneficial bacteria live in the intestine of humans and help digest cellulose from plants which humans don’t have the enzymes to break down. 
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasititsm
d)
predation
96.
What type of symbiosis?
*
•Kudzu vines grow by climbing, and wrapping around trees.   
*
•Kundzu covered trees die as they are smothered and break under the weight of the growing Kudzu vines.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
97.
What type of symbiosis?
*
Hermit crabs find shells left by snails that have died and move in.
*
  Snails die and leave behind their shells.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
98.
What type of symbiosis?
*
Gall Insects lays their eggs in the leaves or branches of Oak trees causing a lump to form.
*
Oak trees provide shelter and food to the insect larvae, but are not harmed.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
99.
What type of symbiosis?
*
Skunks often live in burrows that have  been dug and abandoned by woodchucks.
*
Woodchucks abandon holes which are later used by skunks.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
100.
What type of symbiosis?
*
The plover picks and eats scraps of meat from the crocodile’s teeth.
*
The crocodile gets a free teeth-cleaning!
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
101.
What type of symbiosis?
*
The Cattle Egret forages in pastures and fields among livestock such as cattle and horses feeding on the insects stirred up by the movement of the grazing animals.
 *The cows and horses are not bothered by the cattle egrets.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
102.
What type of symbiosis?
*
Hookworms can enter the body, live off of the host’s blood.
*
The host can suffer from blood loss, anemia and iron deficiency. 
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
103.
Which of the following symbiotic relationships is considered parasitic? 
a)
ticks feeding on a dog 
b)
bees transporting pollen from flowers
c)
pilotfish swimming under sharks
d)
birds eating the insects from the back of a hippopotamus
104.
A lichen is a combination of fungus and algae that lives on the sides of trees, rocks, and other materials.  The fungus provides the algae with water and minerals and the algae uses the water and minerals to make food for both organisms.  What type of relationship does the lichen represent?
a)
commensalsim
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
105.
What does symbiosis mean?
a)
A.living separately, no relationship between 2 species
b)
A.living together, close relationship between 2 species
c)
A.Living separately, long distance relationship between 2 species
d)
When one species kills and eats another
106.
A bird living on a tree is an example of
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
107.
Which of the following is NOT considered to be a symbiotic relationship?
a)
A mother bear caring for her cub
b)
Worms living in a cow’s intestine
c)
A bacterial infection
d)
A viral attack on your immune system
108.
After being introduced in the 1930's, the fire ant became established in the southern United States. One biological way to control fire ants might be to introduce organisms that are
a)
mutualistic with the fire ant queen
b)
nurtured by fire ant workers
c)
preyed on by fire ants
d)
parasitic to fire ant larvae
109.
Which of the following is Not one of the keywords  required for you to record today for the Tundra biome?
a)
Treeless
b)
Permafrost
c)
Cold Desert
d)
Snowy
110.
The permenantly frozen soil that prevents plants from growing deep within the soil is called ________
a)
concrete soil
b)
water table
c)
permafrost
d)
estruary
111.
Which  of the following describes the location of the Tundra biome?
a)
Eastern United States
b)
Most of Canada
c)
North of Canada
d)
Near the equator
112.
Which of these describes an abiotic factor in the Tundra biome?
a)
Temperatures ranging from 50-95 degrees Fahrenheit 
b)
Strong cold winds
c)
Snowy Owls
d)
Lichen and other low growing plants.
113.
Which of the following is NOT an adaptation that animals might have in the tundra biome?
a)
short legs to be closer to the ground.
b)
Long fur
c)
Scaley skin
d)
Create insulated burrows
114.
Name one animal that lives in the Tundra.
a)
Birds
b)
Polar Bear
c)
Fox
d)
Cat
115.
What Tundra Has The Polar Bear?
a)
Arctic
b)
Alpine
116.
Which biome is characterized by low temperatures and low amounts of rainfall?
a)
Tundra
b)
Desert
c)
Temperate Deciduous Forest
d)
Tropical Rainforest
117.
 Which of the following BEST describes the Tundra biome? ­­­­­­­­­­
a)
a.  A treeless plain found in the Artic or on the tops of mountains that is characterized by very low winter temperatures and short, cool summers. 
b)
a.  A region that has little or no plant life, long periods without rain, and extreme temperatures; usually found in hot climates. 
c)
a.  An area that often has scattered trees and that is found in tropical and subtropical areas where seasonal rains, fires, and drought happen. 
d)
a.  A forest biomes where the leaves on the trees fall off during winter, or the dry season, and grow back in the spring and summer.
118.
Which biome is MOST LIKE the "desert" in terms of precipitation?
a)
tropical rainforest
b)
temperate deciduous forest
c)
tundra
d)
coniferous forest
119.
Many organisms in the polar ice or tundra biomes will do what to avoid the cold months with no food.
a)
Migrate
b)
Hibernate
c)
Find spots rich in food
d)
All of these
120.
_________________ and _______________ are the two types of tundras.
a)
Hot and Cold
b)
Polar and Alpine
c)
Snow and Ice
d)
Savannah and Temperate
121.
Many animals of the grasslands do this.
a)
latitudes
b)
trees
c)
fast
d)
graze
122.
The only continent grasslands aren't found on.
a)
antarctica
b)
latitude
c)
graze
d)
dormant
123.
Many of the animals are ____________.
a)
herbivores
b)
trees
c)
grasses
d)
antarctica
124.
Plants are very resistant to _____________ in the grasslands.
a)
drought
b)
fast
c)
herbivores
d)
trees
125.
The dominant plants in the grasslands are ___________.
a)
rainfall
b)
dormant
c)
grasses
d)
trees
126.
Which biome has very high soil quality good for growing corn and wheat?
a)
Grasslands
b)
Savanna
c)
Desert
d)
Tropical rain forest
127.
In which biome would I be most likely to find buffalo?
a)
desert
b)
temperate deciduous forest
c)
taiga
d)
grasslands
128.
In which biome would I be most likely to find buffalo?
a)
desert
b)
temperate deciduous forest
c)
taiga
d)
grasslands
129.
Which animal is a predator in the rainforest?
a)
giraffe
b)
zebra
c)
camel
d)
jaguar
130.
Is this an Amazon Rain forest animal
a)
True
b)
False
131.
Which of these describes the rainforest?
a)
populated by squirrels, bears and pine trees
b)
relatively few trees
c)
generally close to the equator
d)
short, mild, dry summers
132.
The rainforest has the greatest variety of different organisms that live there. In other words, the rainforest has the greatest ______.
a)
speciation
b)
biodiversity
c)
climate
d)
succession
133.
Which of these is the greatest limiting factor for plants on the forest floor?
a)
space
b)
soil
c)
sunlight
d)
water
134.
How do rainforest animals use bright colors?
a)
to camouflage
b)
to attract a mate
c)
to warn that they are poisonous
d)
all of the above
135.
What biome?
a)
Mountains
b)
Tundra
c)
Tropical Rainforest
d)
Temperate Forest
136.
Does it rain a lot in the rainforest?
a)
Yes
b)
No
c)
Of course not
d)
I don't care
137.
How many species are there of animals, plants, and insects known to mankind that live in the rainforest?
a)
10,000,000
b)
Less than half
c)
More than half
d)
one fourth
138.
How can temperatures in the tropical rainforest be described?
a)
Very variable throughout the year
b)
Do not vary very much throughout the year
c)
Usually around 15°C
139.
Most of the nutrients in the rainforest ecosystem are in the
a)
organisms
b)
topsoil
c)
air
d)
groundwater
140.
Average yearly precipitation in a tropical rain forest
a)
76 cm to 250 cm
b)
100 cm
c)
0-25 cm
d)
200 cm or more
141.
The climate zones around the equator are
a)
biomes
b)
temperate
c)
polar
d)
tropical