WorksheetsUnit 3, Weathering, Erosion, Deposition & Soil
Total questions: 114
Worksheet time: 2hrs 57mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Rain washing away soil from a hillside
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
2.
Waves dropping sand on the beach
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
3.
Caves being formed by acid rain dissolving underground limestone
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
4.
Deltas forming at the mouths of rivers
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
5.
Water getting into cracks, freezing, and breaking the rocks or pavement apart
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
6.
Ponds filling up with sediment and becoming marshes
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
7.
A satellite image of an area in Florida shows a river with slight bends along its length. A second satellite image taken of the same area 10 years later shows the same river with a different course. What is the best explanation for the difference in the shape of the river's course between the two satellite images?
a)
Wind blew waves across the water surface, eroding away the bank on one side of the river until the river's course changed its shape
b)
Regular freezing and thawing of the river split the soil along the river banks, changing the shape of the river
c)
Water eroded the banks of the river and deposited the eroded soil on opposite banks, causing the river to form tighter bends
d)
Acid rain chemically weathered the banks along the river, forcing the river to wind back and forth
8.
The process of breaking up rocks on Earth's surface is called...
a)
sediment
b)
erosion
c)
weathering
d)
deposition
9.
What is mechanical weathering?
a)
Process through which rocks are physically broken into smaller pieces.
b)
Rocks are broken down through chemical changes.
c)
Rocks are worn away from acid in plant roots.
d)
Rocks broken down by machinery.
10.
In which type of climate would weathering happen the fastest to a rock?
a)
wet and warm
b)
dry and cold
c)
wet and cold
d)
dry and warm
11.
Which factors are the most important for determining the rate of weathering?
a)
Erosion and deposition
b)
Climate and type of rock
c)
Humidity and climate
d)
Humidity and temperature
12.
If the same type of rock were placed in a rainforest, desert, a forest in Tennessee, and the North Pole, in which area would the rock weather the fastest?
a)
rainforest
b)
desert
c)
North Pole
d)
forest in Tennessee
13.
As you were climbing a mountain, you noticed that rocks were crumbling below your feet and moving down the mountain. What 2 processes did you observe?
a)
Weathering and erosion
b)
Erosion and deposition
c)
Abrasion and chemical weathering
d)
Abrasion and ice wedging
14.
Your teacher filled a box with sand. She put a fan at one end and turned the fan on. The sand was blown to the opposite side of the box and collected at that side. What processes was the teacher demonstrating?
a)
Weathering and erosion
b)
Weathering and deposition
c)
Erosion and deposition
d)
Chemical and mechanical weathering
15.
Deposited material at the end of a river is called?
a)
landform
b)
delta
c)
canyon
16.
Glaciers shape and carve away the land beneath them and can drastically reshape the landscape over hundreds or even thousands of years.
a)
True
b)
False
17.
Weathering and erosion are the same thing.
a)
True
b)
False
18.
Wind blowing sand from one location to another is called
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
19.
The process of carrying away weathered bits of rocks is called
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
20.
The process of moving weathered rock and depositing it in another location is called?
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
21.
Weathering involves the movement of rocks and minerals by agents such as water, wind and gravity.
a)
True
b)
False
22.
Weathering by abrasion is usually caused by
a)
plants, water, and ice wedging
b)
wind, water, and gravity
c)
ice wedging, animals, and water
d)
animals, plants, and wind
23.
The action of rocks and sediment grinding against each other and wearing away
a)
oxidation
b)
glaciation
c)
abrasion
d)
ice wedging
24.
Rock that have been broken down and eroded by wind (blowing sand), have been weathering by __________ abrasion
a)
mechanical
b)
chemical
c)
differential
d)
sloping
25.
The dissolving of a rock in water that contain weak acid is an example of
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
c)
oxidation
d)
differential weathering
26.
Smooth rocks in a river have usually been rounded by
a)
wind
b)
moving water
c)
gravity
d)
glaciers
27.
The process in which water freezes and widens cracks in rock is called
a)
ice crunching
b)
glaciation
c)
abrasion
d)
ice wedging
28.
Chemical weathering is most rapid in area that are
a)
hot and dry
b)
warm and wet (humid)
c)
cold and dry
d)
cold and wet (humid)
29.
Rust is produced by the oxidation of
a)
iron
b)
wood
c)
tennis ball
d)
bicycle tire(rubber)
30.
The dissolving of a rock in water that contain weak acid is an example of
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
c)
differential weathering
d)
oxidation
31.
Which is following contributes to acid precipitation?
a)
burning of fossil fuels
b)
oxidation
c)
abrasion
d)
all the above
32.
A rusty car has undergone chemical weathering due to
a)
oxidation
b)
abrasion
c)
ice wedging
d)
differential
33.
Lichens and mosses, which contain weak acids contribute to
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
c)
abrasive
d)
differential
34.
When weak acids in groundwater come into contact with limestone, the limestone breaks down, forming
a)
soil
b)
caves
c)
salt
d)
rust
35.
Which rocks weather the fastest?
a)
1 kg boulder
b)
1 kg boulder broken into pieces
36.
Water chemically breaks down rock because
a)
water expands when it freezes
b)
acids in the water react with chemicals in the rock
c)
materials dissolved in the water are deposited
d)
water is not affected by wind
37.
Which of the following is an everyday example of a chemical phenomenon?
a)
fast moving river water rushes over rocks
b)
organic acids produced by lichens break down rock
c)
rocks tumble down a mountain during a rock slide
d)
ice forms in a crack in a rock and makes the crack larger
38.
Why does air chemically weather rock?
a)
the air molecules are abrasive
b)
air fills cracks in the rock and later expands, causing the cracks to enlarge
c)
the oxygen in the air combines with elements in the rock in a process called oxidation
39.
A rock will have a lower rate of weathering when the rock
a)
is in a humid climate
b)
is a very hard rock, such as granite
c)
is at a high elevation
d)
has more surface area exposed to weathering
40.
Does chemical weathering affect the rate of mechanical weathering.
a)
Yes
b)
No
41.
The process by which softer, less weather resistant rocks wear away and leave harder, more weather resistant rocks behind.
a)
abrasion
b)
oxidation
c)
differential weathering
d)
chemical weathering
42.
Which of the following best describes how erosion by groundwater might create a landform?
a)
Acidic water dissolves rock to form a cave
b)
Stream slowly wears away rock and soil
c)
Waves crashing against a shoreline
d)
Sediment building up to form a delta
43.
Sediment deposited as fast-flowing river reaches a flatter area of land is
a)
river dleta
b)
floodplain
c)
alluvial fan
d)
oxbow lake
44.
When would a river form a delta?
a)
when the river meanders across a plain
b)
when the river leaves the mountains
c)
when it is in the mountain
d)
when it enters the ocean
45.
What is the place where land and a body of water meet?
a)
delta
b)
shoreline
c)
groundwater
d)
alluvial fan
46.
Which of the following actions causes the deposition of sand at a delta?
a)
river water slowing as it enters the ocean
b)
salt water & fresh water mixing together
c)
ocean waves transporting sand toward land
d)
ocean water slowing as it reaches the coast
47.
What would be expected to remove the most sand from a barrier island during a storm?
a)
waves depositing debris on a island
b)
currents moving sand along the island
c)
large waves crashing across the island
d)
strong winds blowing across the island
48.
Which landform is formed because of the erosion of groundwater?
a)
valley
b)
canyon
c)
channel
d)
cavern
49.
What causes a valley to form first?
a)
earthquake
b)
running water
c)
landslide
d)
erosion by wind
50.
What would a beach look like that has been affected by storms and rough waves?
a)
there's a sea stack
b)
the beach is rocky
c)
there were sandbars
d)
the beach was sandy
51.
How does a sinkhole form?
a)
Stalactites erode a ceiling of a cave
b)
Streams in mountains erode sediment
c)
Underground water forms a cave
d)
Stream erodes soil making it wider
52.
What force is responsible for erosion and deposition in landslides?
a)
gravity
b)
ice
c)
wind
d)
temperature
53.
How does a glacier form?
a)
It must be below freezing & more snow melts than falls
b)
It must be mild and lots of precipitation
c)
It must be cold, more snow fall than melts
d)
It must freeze and be dry
54.
What is a type of mass movement by gravity?
a)
dune
b)
loess
c)
glacier
d)
mudslide
55.
Why is a loess so valuable?
a)
Very difficult to find.
b)
Doesn't erode easily.
c)
Contains bits of rock.
d)
Rich in minerals.
56.
What is responsible for the formation of sand dunes?
a)
Wind
b)
Water
c)
Gravity
d)
Ice
57.
What triggers mudslides?
a)
ice
b)
rain
c)
wind
d)
temperature
58.
Which type of sediment will be dropped first as the wind slows?
a)
biggest
b)
smallest
c)
heaviest
d)
lightest
59.
How do plants weather rocks?
a)
during photosynthesis
b)
when roots grow into cracks of rocks and expand the rock
c)
when the plant moves water from the roots to the leaves
d)
Plants don't weather rocks
60.
The diagrams shows a natural process that weathers rock.
Which statement best explains why this process results in weathering?
Which statement best explains why this process results in weathering?
a)
frozen water acts as a solute
b)
water expands when it freezes
c)
the mass of water increases when it freezes
d)
frozen water dissolves most types of rock
61.
What is sediment?
a)
the process of rocks being broken down and carried away
b)
bits of rock, sand, and silt caused by the weathering of rocks
c)
the top layer of the soil
d)
decaying plant or animal material
62.
What happens when weathering and erosion work together?
a)
New Mountains are created
b)
The climate changes overnight
c)
Metal objects become rusty
d)
They change the Earth's surface
63.
What is the correct order of the processes?
a)
they all happen at the same time
b)
erosion, weathering, deposition
c)
weathering, erosion, deposition
d)
weathering, deposition, erosion
64.
How does vegetation in the soil affect the rate of erosion?
a)
It doesn't affect erosion.
b)
It decreases erosion.
c)
It increases erosion.
65.
How do construction and farming affect the land?
a)
Improve the soil
b)
Cause flooding
c)
Make the land more stable
d)
Increase erosion
66.
Which of the following statements about wetlands is true?
a)
rich in nutrients
b)
composed of rocky soil
c)
easy to build on
d)
a poor environment for plants and wildlife
67.
Where would you expect to find the most fertile soil?
a)
on top of a mountain
b)
at the mouth of a river
c)
on a sand dune
d)
on the side of a canyon
68.
Which of the following earth processes typically follows erosion?
a)
Precipitation
b)
Concentration
c)
Deposition
d)
Evolution
69.
If the texture of a soil is sticky, it is likely to have a lot of _________ in it.
a)
Clay
b)
Silt
c)
Sand
d)
Organic Matter
70.
Topsoil_________.
a)
is the bedrock found under the soil
b)
is a combination of rock, soil, air, and water
c)
is a combination of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium
d)
has no organic matter in it
71.
Soil is a mixture of _________.
a)
weathered rock and water
b)
decayed organic matter and oxygen
c)
mineral fragments
d)
all of the above
72.
In which of the following areas is wind a major erosion agent?
a)
grasslands
b)
temperate forests
c)
deserts
d)
tropical rain forest
73.
There can be no stream erosion or glacial erosion without_______.
a)
gravity
b)
soil
c)
wind
d)
deposition
74.
How do plants prevent erosion?
a)
their leaves protect against rain
b)
their roots hold soil together
c)
their trunks protect against wind
d)
none of the above
75.
Which practice would cause erosion?
a)
Not using good farming practices
b)
Skiing
c)
Placing silt fences around building sites
d)
Filling gullies with rocks
76.
When a river is flowing with many loops and bends it is called a
a)
meander
b)
tributary
c)
delta
d)
oxbow lake
77.
Soil is deposited on the ________ bank of a river
a)
inside
b)
outside
78.
Soil is eroded from the _________ bank of a river.
a)
inside
b)
outside
79.
Is this an example of physical or chemical weathering?
a)
Physical
b)
Chemical
80.
Is this an example of physical or chemical weathering?
a)
Physical
b)
Chemical
81.
Sand settles on the beach after waves dropped it there. This is an example of...
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
d)
Dragging
82.
The picture shows a large rock breaking apart. Which of these is MOST likely making the rock break apart?
a)
hot sunlight
b)
plant roots
c)
falling leaves
d)
running water
83.
A rock containing iron is soft, crumbly, reddish in color. It's been chemically weathered by__.
a)
Carbon Dioxide
b)
Oxygen
c)
Nitrogen
d)
Sulfer
84.
Soil formation begins with the weathering of_______.
a)
Humas
b)
Subsoil
c)
Litter
d)
Rock
85.
The layer of soil which the topsoil is found.
a)
Horizon A
b)
Horizon B
c)
Horizon C
d)
Horizon D or R
86.
The MAIN thing Decomposers do for the the soil is the following:
a)
Store moisture
b)
Burrow deep in the soil
c)
Make space for air and water
d)
Break down and digest dead organisms
87.
What effect did over plowing and cutting down trees in the Great Plains during the 1930’s?
a)
It had little effect
b)
It increased soil fertility
c)
It was a primary cause of the Dust Bowl
d)
Farmers had a great harvest
88.
Decayed organic material in soil is called______.
a)
Litter
b)
Silt
c)
Humus
d)
Clay
89.
The two main factors that determine the rate of weathering are the TYPE of rock and_____.
a)
Music
b)
Climate
c)
Size of rock
d)
Weight of rock
90.
Soil conservation includes all of the following EXCEPT_______.
a)
Desertification
b)
Contour plowing
c)
Terracing
d)
Crop rotation
91.
Which horizon is made up of partially weathered rocks?
a)
Horizon A
b)
Horizon B
c)
Horizon C
d)
Horizon D or R
92.
In which horizon is most of the HUMUS?
a)
Horizon A
b)
Horizon B
c)
Horizon C
d)
Horizon D or R
93.
Which horizon contains clay, silt, minerals, and a little humus?
a)
Horizon A
b)
Horizon B
c)
Horizon C
d)
Horizon D or R
94.
In which horizon is the Bedrock
a)
Horizon A
b)
Horizon B
c)
Horizon C
d)
Horizon D or R
95.
Soil layers are called horizons because...
a)
The layers are all different
b)
The layers are vertical
c)
The layers are horizontal
d)
The layers are above one another
96.
The non-decomposed organic material that lies on top of the A Horizon is called...
a)
Trash
b)
Stuff
c)
Litter
d)
Dog poop
97.
Which type of soil holds the most water?
a)
Clay
b)
Sand
c)
Loam
98.
Which type of soil holds the least amount of water?
a)
Clay
b)
Sand
c)
Loam
99.
How are clay particles different from sand particles?
a)
Clay has small particles and sand has large particles.
b)
Clay has large particles and sand has small particles.
c)
Clay is rich in nutrients and sand is not.
d)
Sand is rich in nutrients and clay is not.
100.
Which type of soil has the most nutrients?
a)
Loam
b)
Clay
c)
Rocks
d)
Sand
101.
When planning an investigation on soil, which property would you investigate?
a)
Streak
b)
Luster
c)
Color
d)
Value
102.
Which type of soil conservation strategy is being used in this picture?
a)
windbreakers
b)
contour farming
c)
planting of vegetation
d)
terracing
103.
What is plowing in curved rows that follow the shape of the land?
a)
contour plowing
b)
soil
c)
subsoil
d)
terrace farming
104.
______ is made up of water, air, humus, and tiny pieces of rock.
a)
minerals
b)
rocks
c)
soil
d)
weather
105.
Which is NOT a layer of soil?
a)
bedrock
b)
topsoil
c)
undersoil
d)
subsoil
106.
This soil holds the MOST water.
a)
sand
b)
silt
c)
clay
d)
loam
107.
This soil gets its dark color because of the humus in it.
a)
loam
b)
silt
c)
clay
d)
sand
108.
When are soils most likely to erode?
a)
when they are moist
b)
when they are deep
c)
when the plant cover is gone
d)
at night or on cloudy days
109.
This soil is light in color because it has very little humus.
a)
sand
b)
clay
c)
loam
d)
silt
110.
A home has a sloping backyard. The family puts in retaining walls made of large boulders part way down the hill. Why?
a)
They look nice
b)
They keep soil in place
c)
To improve the view
d)
To keep the house from rolling
111.
What gives the topsoil its dark color?
a)
special types of rock particles
b)
more water
c)
larger rock pieces
d)
decaying living things
112.
Ellen grabs a topsoil sample in her hand. She rolls it into a ball. The soil feels gritty and the ball falls apart. What part of the topsoil most likely made the topsoil feel gritty?
a)
clay
b)
sand
c)
silt
d)
humus
113.
Many plants cannot grow in clay soil. Why is this true?
a)
Clay soil does not have many nutrients.
b)
Roots cannot easily push through clay soil.
c)
Water doesn't drain well through clay.
d)
All of these choices.
114.
You dig a small hole in the soil and the next day it rains. The hole fills with water, but does not empty even after several days of dry weather. What is the soil mostly made of?
a)
clay
b)
sand
c)
humus
d)
silt
100 %
