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WorksheetsSP6 Radioactivity (Higher) (Part 2)
Total questions: 30
Worksheet time: 20mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
6.25 The definition for half-life is:
a)
The time taken for the undecayed nuclei to decay
b)
The time taken for half the the undecayed nuclei to decay
c)
The time taken for half of the stable nuclei to decay
2.
6.26 It can be predicted when a particular nucleus decays
a)
True
b)
False
3.
6.27 Calculate the half-life of this radioactive substance
a)
1 year
b)
2 years
c)
3 years
d)
8 years
4.
6.28 A use for radioactivity is
a)
Irradiating food
b)
Heating food
c)
Contaminating equipment
5.
6.29 Describe the danger of being exposed to a high dosage of radiation
a)
Cancer
b)
Radiation burns
c)
Death
6.
6.29 Describe the danger of being exposed to low dosage radiation over a long period of time
a)
Radiation burns
b)
Cancer
c)
Death
7.
6.30 Explain why the dangers of ionising radiation depend on half-life
a)
The longer the half life the more precautions need to be in place
b)
the shorter the half life the more precautions need to be put in place
c)
the longer the half life the less precautions need to be in place
8.
6.31 Which of the following precautions should be taken when handling radioactive sources
a)
Use tongs, wear protective clothing, store in aluminium containers
b)
Use tongs, wear normal clothes, store in lead containers
c)
Use tongs, wear protective clothing, store radioactive material in lead containers
9.
6.32 Which of the following explains what contamination is
a)
hen an object/organism is exposed to alpha, beta and gamma radiation
b)
When an organism has particles of radioactive material on their skin or in their body
10.
6.32 Which of the following explains what irradiation is
a)
When an object/organism is exposed to alpha, beta and gamma radiation
b)
When an organism has particles of radioactive material on their skin or in their body
11.
6.33 If a tumour was external what radioactive source would you use?
a)
Alpha
b)
Beta
c)
Gamma
12.
6.33 If a tumour was internal what radioactive source would you use?
a)
Alpha
b)
Beta
c)
Gamma
13.
6.34 Explain why the radioactive isotopes in tracers must have a short half life
a)
So other parts of the body are affected by radiation as little as possible
b)
To minimise the risk of cancer
c)
So the patient isnt exposed to high levels of radiation
d)
All of the points
14.
6.34 to detect tumours, which piece of medical equipment could be used?
a)
PET Scanners
b)
Gamma Cameras
c)
Tracers
d)
All of the options
15.
6.35 Explain why isotopes used in PET scanners have to be produced nearby
a)
They have a short half-life so need to be made near the hospital
b)
To ensure that the isotopes in the environment match those in the hospital
16.
6.36 A benefit to using nuclear fission power is that it:
a)
supplies a lot of electricity
b)
conserves organic fuels, like oil, coal, and wood
c)
eliminates huge quantities of sulfur dioxides, which pollute our air
d)
all of the choices
17.
6.36 What is an advantage of nuclear energy?
a)
radioactive waste
b)
no air pollution
c)
we will never run out
d)
it is the safest way to make energy
18.
6.36 All of the following are problems of nuclear energy except ---
a)
storage of radioactive fuel
b)
pollution
c)
security concerns
d)
natural disasters (tsunamis, earthquakes, etc.)
19.
6.37 Which of the following are a source of energy:
a)
nuclear fusion
b)
nuclear fission
c)
radioactive decay
d)
all of the answers
20.
6.38 what does the fission of U-235 produce
a)
1 daughter nuclei and and the emission of a neutron
b)
2 daughter cells and the eission of 2 or more neutrons
c)
3 daughter cells and the emission of 3 neutrons
21.
6.39 A nuclear fission reaction occurs when a uranium-235 atom is bombarded with a neutron. This reaction is used to produce energy in a nuclear power plant. Why is it not possible to carry out a nuclear fusion reaction in a nuclear reactor?
a)
A fusion reaction releases harmful rays
b)
A fusion reaction is difficult to control
c)
A fusion reaction requires extremely low temperature and pressure
d)
A fusion reaction requires extremely high temperature and pressure
22.
6.40 Explain why control rods and moderators are used in nuclear reactors
a)
To ensure that the material stays radioactive
b)
To control the chain reaction
c)
To clean up the reactive waste
23.
6.41 The thermal energy generated from the chain reaction in a nuclear reactor to produce electricity does what?
a)
Heats water
b)
Turns a turbine
c)
Produces light energy
24.
6.42 This type of reaction occurs when a heavy nucleus, such as U-235, splits into two or more parts.
a)
Fission
b)
Fusion
c)
Chain reaction
d)
synthesis
25.
6.43 How do nuclear power-plants work?
a)
Fusion
b)
Half-life
c)
Fission
d)
Fusion or fission
26.
6.44 The process by which nuclei having small masses are united to form a single larger nucleus is called nuclear ____.
a)
fusion
b)
fission
c)
reactivity
d)
waste
27.
6.44 What is nuclear fission?
a)
Big nucleus splits to small nuclei
b)
Small nuclei fuse into a bigger nucleus
c)
Stars
d)
Making compounds
28.
6.44 Which of the following statements BEST describes nuclear fusion?
a)
Nuclear fusion is a common source of energy
b)
Nuclear fusion usually requires freezing temperatures
c)
Nuclear fusion usually requires a high-temperature environment
d)
Nuclear fusion releases a small amount of energy compared to most chemical reactions
29.
6.45 In nuclear fusion, two positively charged nuclei must touch and bind together. This requires that the nuclei approach each other at.....
a)
low temperatures and low velocity
b)
low temperatures and high velocity
c)
high temperatures and high velocity
d)
high temperatures and low velocity
30.
6.46 Explain why it is difficult to make a power station to facilitate fusion reactions
a)
Difficult to sustain the extreme temperatures and pressures created
b)
Doesn't produce as much energy as fission so it is difficult to detect
c)
Too temperamental
d)
Unpredictable nature of nuclear fusion means its difficult to create a power station for it
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