WorksheetsUnit 8 : Human Health and the Environment
Total questions: 29
Worksheet time: 29mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Organisms that spread diseases, such as ticks and mosquitoes, are _________.
a)
Vectors
b)
Infectious
c)
pathogens
d)
mobility
2.
An outbreak that becomes widespread and affects a whole region, continent, or world is a ___________.
a)
epidemic
b)
emerging
c)
pandemic
d)
none of the above
3.
Globally what is the leading cause of death?
a)
heart disease
b)
infectious diseases
c)
car accidents
d)
diabetes
4.
Tuberculosis is considered re-emerging because this infection has shown resistance to:
a)
vaccines
b)
antifungal medications
c)
antiparastic medications
d)
antibiotic medications
5.
Why does the United States not vaccinate against waterborne illnesses?
a)
They mostly exist in developing countries
b)
There isn't enough vaccinations for everyone
c)
The vaccinations aren't cost-effective
d)
The vaccinations are ineffective
6.
All of the following are considered ecological changes that cause the emergence of disease EXCEPT:
a)
changes in shipping channels
b)
climate change
c)
deforestation
d)
agriculture practices
7.
Any disease that can be transmitted from an animal to a human.
a)
virus
b)
zoonosis
c)
Lyme disease
d)
fomite
8.
Which of the following are causes of emerging and re-emerging diseases?
i. mutations in microbes
ii. increase in travel
iii. ecological changes
iv. changes in human behavior
v. mass food production
i. mutations in microbes
ii. increase in travel
iii. ecological changes
iv. changes in human behavior
v. mass food production
a)
i, ii, iii, v
b)
i, ii, iii, iv
c)
i, iii, iv, v
d)
i, ii, iii, iv, v
9.
What is a major issue with emerging diseases?
a)
There are no issues
b)
People can get cholera and dengue fever
c)
Lack of medicines/vaccines to control them
d)
People have social health issues from eating a high fat diet
10.
Infectious diseases are diseases caused by organisms known as?
a)
Carcinogens
b)
Toxicants
c)
Pathogens
d)
Infections
11.
In developed countries, reducing disease is best promoted by
a)
increasing the availability of clean drinking water and sanitation
b)
consuming a caloric excess in order to protect the body from infectious diseases.
c)
healthier lifestyle choices such as limiting excess food consumption and tobacco use.
d)
giving people better access to research on the spread of disease.
12.
A researcher is doing an experiment to test the effectiveness of antibiotics against Strep throat bacteria (Streptococcus). The researcher uses a petri dish filled with the bacteria and then adds penicillin, a type of antibiotic. Within two days, the pathogen’s population decreases by 99 percent. Over time, the population begins to increase and continue to survive, even with doses of penicillin in the petri dish. This is an example of
a)
antiseptic therapy.
b)
acute disease.
c)
exponential growth.
d)
drug resistance.
13.
Which is NOT correct about emergent infectious diseases?
a)
The rapid movement of people can cause unexpected pandemics.
b)
Emerging infectious diseases are caused primarily by mutations of known viruses.
c)
Many emerging infectious diseases come from pathogens that jump from animal hosts to humans.
d)
Since the 1970s, an average of one new emergent disease has appeared each year.
14.
Which is NOT correct about H5N1, bird flu?
a)
Humans have a long immune history with the virus.
b)
The virus is a type of influenza virus.
c)
Scientists believe the virus has the potential to become even more deadly and mutate.
d)
The virus jumped from birds to people in Asia.
15.
Following an increase in the number of infections of a particular disease, public health officials respond by combating mosquito populations and educating the public on the importance of wearing insecticide. This is a public health response to
a)
SARS
b)
West Nile Virus.
c)
MRSA
d)
mad cow disease.
16.
Use Figure 17-1. In 2013, the greatest increase in the number of children newly infected with HIV occurred in
a)
Asia.
b)
sub-Saharan Africa.
c)
Central and South America.
d)
the Caribbean.
17.
Heavy metals that pose a threat to individuals when found in the environment belong to the class of chemicals called
a)
carcinogens.
b)
neurotoxins.
c)
teratogens.
d)
endocrine disrupters.
18.
Which compound in plastics is classified as an endocrine disruptor?
a)
Formaldehyde
b)
PCBs
c)
Asbestos
d)
Phthalates
19.
Which is NOT true of malaria?
a)
Malaria is caused by an infection from a Plasmodium protist.
b)
DDT can easily control the disease.
c)
The pathogen that causes malaria spends one stage of its life inside a mosquito.
d)
Every year approximately 1 million people die from malaria.
20.
Use Figure The threshold of the hypothetical chemical is approximately
a)
1 hypothetical unit.
b)
3 hypothetical units.
c)
5.5 hypothetical units.
d)
8 hypothetical units.
21.
Use Figure The LD50 of the hypothetical chemical is approximately
a)
3 hypothetical units.
b)
4.5 hypothetical units.
c)
5.5 hypothetical units.
d)
7 hypothetical units.
22.
Which U.S. legislation stipulates that the EPA regulate chemicals, not including pesticides, food, and cosmetics?
a)
Clean Water Act
b)
Clean Air Act
c)
Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976
d)
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act of 1996
23.
Atrazine is a type of herbicide that has a half-life of 224 days in wetland soils. After 448 days, the persistence of Atrazine will be
a)
1/2 the original amount.
b)
1/8 the original amount.
c)
1/4 the original amount.
d)
1/6 the original amount.
24.
The persistence of a chemical refers to
a)
the amount of harm the chemical does to the environment.
b)
the increase in chemical concentrations in animal tissue in the food chain.
c)
the amount of time the chemical remains in the environment.
d)
a nonlethal, but harmful effect of a chemical.
25.
A trout is continually exposed to an oil-soluble chemical. Over time, the concentration of the chemical within the trout increases.
a)
synergistic properties.
b)
synergistic interactions.
c)
bioaccumulation.
d)
biomagnification.
26.
In an estuary a zooplankton consumes a phytoplankton with a small globule of PCBs attached to it. A fish consumes the zooplankton as well as many other zooplankton. A larger fish consumes the small fish and then a gull consumes the larger fish. The increased concentration of the chemical at the top of the food chain is an example of
a)
biomagnification.
b)
bioaccumulation
c)
synergistic interactions.
d)
synergistic properties.
27.
Biomagnification was responsible for
a)
the dead zone in the Gulf of Mexico.
b)
the Bhopal India pesticide accident.
c)
the decline of fish-eating birds from DDT exposure.
d)
the loss of amphibian species from atrazine.
28.
Which is NOT associated with the feminization of organisms because of the presence of endocrine disruptors?
a)
Aquatic organisms are particularly affected.
b)
The male testes occasionally produce eggs as well as sperm.
c)
The males of the species develop female reproductive organs.
d)
The males have higher than normal levels of estrogen.
29.
An ED50 is the
a)
effective dose that causes 100 percent of individuals to display harmful effects.
b)
effective dose that causes 50 percent of individuals to display harmful effects.
c)
effective dose that causes 50 percent of individuals to display beneficial effects.
d)
effective dose that causes 50 percent of individuals to display lethal effects.
100 %
