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Unit 10 Earthquakes and Volcanoes

Total questions: 43

Worksheet time: 22mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Mid-oceanic ridges are formed by

a)

the diving of oceanic plates.

b)

bends and folds along the subduction.

c)

cooled magma that hardens between diverging plates.

d)

collisions of Earth's continental crust.

2.

Earth's lithosphere is composed of

a)

the crust only

b)

the crust and the upper portion of the mantle

c)

the mantle and the upper portion of the outer core

d)

the mantle only

3.

The magnitude of earthquakes is expressed using

a)

the amplitude of the P waves

b)

the Mohs' scale

c)

the Richter scale

d)

the Mercalli scale

4.

A mineral

a)

occurs naturally

b)

has a characteristic chemical composition

c)

has an orderly internal structure

d)

all of the above

5.

A seismograph measures

a)

the force of the earthquake

b)

the speed of S waves

c)

how much the surface of Earth moves during an earthquake

d)

the location of the epicenter

6.

Where do volcanoes tend to form?

a)

hot spots

b)

divergent plate boundaries

c)

convergent plate boundaries

d)

all of the above

7.

a transform fault boundary occurs where two plates

a)

move over each other

b)

move toward each other

c)

move away from each other

d)

move past each other

8.

Limestone can be metamorphosed into

a)

marble

b)

gneiss

c)

shale

d)

slate

9.

A ______ wave does not originate from the focus.

a)

longitudinal

b)

transverse

c)

surface

d)

direct

10.

Which of the following valley shapes would glaciers produce?

a)

B

b)

D

c)

A

d)

C

11.

Water plays a part in chemical weathering during

a)

leaching

b)

oxidation

c)

acid precipitation

d)

all of the above

12.

About 80 percent of Earth's volume is made up of

a)

mantle

b)

inner core

c)

outer core

d)

crust

13.

One hypothesis states that plate movement results from convection currents in the

a)

asthenosphere

b)

lithosphere

c)

outer core

d)

mantle

14.

A convergent boundary occurs where two plates

a)

move toward each other

b)

move past each other

c)

move away from each other

d)

move over each other

15.

Weathering that does not alter the chemical composition of the rock is called

a)

chemical weathering

b)

biological weathering

c)

physical weathering

d)

acid weathering

16.

The reversal of Earth's magnetic poles, as indicated by the rock on the ocean floor, occurs on average every

a)

300,000 years

b)

200,000 years

c)

400,000 years

d)

100,000 years

17.

Longitudinal waves are called primary waves because they

a)

are shaped like a "P"

b)

cause the most destruction

c)

only move across Earth's surface

d)

reach recording stations first

18.

________ Occurs when water fills cracks in rock and freezes.

a)

frost wedging

b)

oxidation

c)

deposition

d)

chemical weathering

19.

What causes rock fragments to move down inclines?

a)

minerals

b)

gravity

c)

magnetism

d)

magma

20.

Volcanoes that form along convergent plate boundaries are located

a)

at high altitudes

b)

along the Ring of Fire

c)

underwater

d)

at the edges of plate collisions

21.

What determines the severity of volcanic eruptions?

a)

frequency of eruptions

b)

number of vents

c)

size of the volcano

d)

composition of magma

22.

Cinder cone and composite volcanoes both

a)

have trapped gas

b)

are of similar size

c)

go dormant quickly

d)

have mild eruptions

23.

Which of the following is not a rock type?

a)

igneous

b)

cubic

c)

metamorphic

d)

sedimentary

24.

Which of the following transforms sedimentary rocks into metamorphic rocks?

a)

Earth's magnetic field

b)

seasonal heating and cooling

c)

extreme heat and pressure

d)

radioactive decay

25.

Rain is naturally

a)

very acidic

b)

slightly acidic

c)

very basic

d)

slightly basic

26.

The location on Earth's surface where most earthquake damage occurs is called the

a)

epicenter

b)

focus

c)

vent

d)

surface wave point

27.

Shield volcanoes are known for their

a)

viscous magma

b)

mild eruptions

c)

small size

d)

ash production

28.

Abrasion caused by particles in water is a type of

a)

physical weathering

b)

chemical weathering

c)

sediment deposition

d)

acid precipitation

29.

Which process forms ocean cliffs?

a)

deforestation

b)

deposition

c)

glacial abrasion

d)

water erosion

30.

Fossils are only found in which type of rock?

a)

igneous

b)

oxidized

c)

metamorphic

d)

sedimentary

31.

Because of intense pressure, the inner core of Earth is

a)

gaseuos

b)

plastic

c)

solid

d)

liquid

32.

what is the layer directly beneath Earth's crust called?

a)

inner core

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

oceanic crust

33.

Why does obsidian, an igneous rock, appear smooth and glassy?

a)

Its crystal cools quickly

b)

Its crystal cools slowly

c)

It has large, numerous crystals

d)

none of the above

34.

The minimum number of seismograph stations necessary to determine the location of an earthquake's epicenter is

a)

three

b)

one

c)

two

d)

four

35.

Where do most earthquakes occur?

a)

near hot spots

b)

at vents in Earth's occur

c)

along shifting plate boundaries

d)

along convergent boundaries

36.

Physical and chemical processes that break down rocks is called

a)

weathering

b)

rock cycle

c)

absolute dating

d)

relative dating

e)

principle of superposition

37.

What describes the sequence of events that can change rock types?

a)

weathering

b)

rock cycle

c)

absolute dating

d)

principle of superposition

e)

relative dating

38.

What states that the age of undisturbed rock layers increases with depth?

a)

rock cycle

b)

absolute dating

c)

principle of superposition

d)

relative dating

e)

weathering

39.

What is method of determining the age of rocks based on radioactive decay?

a)

weathering

b)

absolute dating

c)

principle of superposition

d)

relative dating

e)

rock cycle

40.

What determines the age of rocks by comparing rock layers to one another?

a)

relative dating

b)

absolute dating

c)

weathering

d)

rock cycle

e)

principle of superposition

41.

What is caused by the permanent clearing of trees from an area?

a)

deforestation

b)

acid precipitation

c)

oxidation

42.

What occurs when dissolved oxygen reacts with minerals that contain metals?

a)

deforestation

b)

acid precipitation

c)

oxidation

43.

What is often caused by atmospheric pollution?

a)

deforestation

b)

acid precipitation

c)

oxidation

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