the reason an author's writes a text, article, story, paper, etc.

the author wants to amuse you or for you to enjoy the writing-examples of this include fiction stories, jokes, poems, plays

when the author wants you persuade to do, buy, or believe something-examples of this include advertisements, opinions, campaign speeches

When the author wants inform, they want to tell you how to do something or how something works-examples of this include instructions, directions, steps, procedures, how-to, recipes.

When the author wants describe, they want the author wants to give you information-examples of this include textbooks, non-fiction books, biographies, newspaper articles, directions.

The writer

...seeks to persuade audiences to accept a particular position on a controversial issue.

...describes the problem, proposes a solution, and provides justification.

The writer

...wrestles with a question or problem.

...hooks with the problem and lets the reader watch them wrestle with it.

The writer seeks to analyze and interpret phenomena that are difficult to understand or explain.

The writer

...focuses on the worth of a person, object, idea, or other phenomenon.

...usually specifies the criteria to the object being seen as "good" or "bad".

The writer

...focuses on the worth of a person, object, idea, or other phenomenon.

...usually specifies the criteria to the object being seen as "good" or "bad".

The writer expresses or reflects on his or her own life and experiences. They often look backward in order to look forward.

The writer

...states a main point and purpose.

...tries to present the information in a surprising or new way.