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WorksheetsSpeech Perception 1
Total questions: 15
Worksheet time: 15mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Which is NOT an example of Bottom-up Processing?
a)
when we use lexical information to help in noisy environments
b)
when we use redundancy in the signal - coarticulation helps
c)
when we perceve categories of sounds (phonemes), not allophones
d)
when we perceive ratios of vowel formants, not absolutes
2.
What is the Ganong Effect?
a)
given a speech continuum like gift-kift: a category boundary (k or g?) will shift toward the real word
b)
given conflicting auditory & visual speech information: our brains take the visual info into account when trying to parse the signal
c)
when sounds missing from a speech signal can be restored by the brain and may appear to be heard
d)
when we perceive ratios of vowel formants, not absolutes
3.
What are the articulatory features of consonants?
a)
place, manner, voicing
b)
vertical/horizontal position of the tongue
c)
nasality & frication
d)
degree of liquidness & affrication
4.
What are allophones of a phoneme?
a)
versions of speech sounds that are predictable by their environment
b)
the smallest unit of speech that changes meaning of a word - an abstract representation
c)
the smallest categories of speech sounds that we can perceive
d)
the length of time between the release of a stop & the onset of the following vowel
5.
What is coarticulation?
a)
the influence of one phoneme on another
b)
markings that provide very precise articulatory information
c)
dark bands on spectrograms that reflect the energy of the sound
d)
versions of speech sounds that are predictable by their environment
6.
Why can babies less than a year old perceive phonemes from foreign languages that adults can't?
a)
They haven't developed phoneme categories for their native tongue(s) yet.
b)
They haven't developed vowel formant ratios for their native tongue(s) yet.
c)
They haven't figured out coarticulation yet.
d)
They haven't figured out redundancy in the signal yet.
7.
What is Top-Down Processing?
a)
previously stored information (syntax, context, etc.) helps you parse what you hear
b)
brand-new, raw, auditory information gets processed & words are built
c)
when a component is duplicated so if it fails there will be a backup
d)
when we ask whether 2 sounds are the same or different
8.
What can we see with speech spectrograms?
a)
time, sound frequencies, & formants
b)
place, manner, voicing
c)
vertical/horizontal position of the tongue
d)
light frequencies & absorption lines
9.
What does “Speech Perception is multi-modal.” mean?
a)
we can use both auditory & visual information when we're parsing speech
b)
we can use both auditory & olfactory information when we're parsing speech
c)
we can use both auditory & extra-sensory perception when we're parsing speech
d)
we can perceive both phonemes and allophones in the speech stream
10.
Everyone has a different vocal tract & therefore no one's vowels are exactly alike. How do we figure out what vowels are being said?
a)
by perceiving ratios of vowel formants
b)
by perceiving them categorically
c)
by perceiving their diacritic markings
d)
by restoring their phonemes
11.
What are phonemes to a psycholinguist?
a)
the smallest categories of speech sounds that we can perceive
b)
versions of speech sounds that are predictable by their environment
c)
the smallest unit of speech that changes meaning of a word - an abstract representation
d)
place, manner, voicing
12.
The length of time between the release of a stop consonant & the onset of the following vowel is called:
a)
Voice Onset Time
b)
place, manner, & voicing
c)
Categorical Perception
d)
The Ganong Effect
13.
What is the Phoneme Restoration Effect?
a)
when sounds missing from a speech signal can be restored by the brain and may appear to be heard
b)
given a speech continuum like gift-kift: a category boundary (k or g?) will shift toward the real word
c)
given conflicting auditory & visual speech information: our brains take the visual info into account when trying to parse the signal
d)
when we perceve categories of sounds (phonemes), not allophones
14.
What are the articulatory features of vowels?
a)
vertical/horizontal position of the tongue
b)
place, manner, voicing
c)
nasality & height
d)
degree of creaky & breathy voice
15.
What is the McGurk Effect?
a)
given conflicting auditory & visual speech information: our brains take the visual info into account when trying to parse the signal
b)
given a speech continuum like gift-kift: a category boundary (k or g?) will shift toward the real word
c)
when we perceve categories of sounds (phonemes), not allophones
d)
when sounds missing from a speech signal can be restored by the brain and may appear to be heard
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