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WorksheetsGeology Unit SC
Total questions: 30
Worksheet time: 15mins
Alfred Wegner found matching plant and animal fossils on continents separated by oceans. These plants and animals are now extinct. What can you infer from his findings?
Theory of Continental Drift regulated the climates.
Theory of Continental Drift lead to creation of volcanoes.
Theory of Continental Drift is the main reason the plates separated, carrying plant and animals fossils with it.
Where are Earth's volcanic zones located?
Near colder climates
In the southern hemisphere
Along plate boundaries
Near the antarctic plate
Why is bauxite a valuable ore?
it's used for food
it's used for electricity
it's used for aluminum
it's used to make steel
As the ocean floor depth increases, the oceanic crust also increases in age. Why?
The older rocks are found deeper in the ocean floor because of erosion.
Heat and pressure cause igneous rocks to turn into metamorphic rocks as depth increases.
Seafloor spreading forms new crust, so the new rocks are at the mid-ocean ridge and the older rocks are at greater depths.
Volcanoes can cause mass destruction to inhabited areas. How can area residents take precautions?
Abandon their homes in the summer and winter.
Plant lots of trees to reduce lava flow during an eruption.
Monitor the volcano regularly and practice an evacuation plan.
Build lots of hospitals to prepare for injuries.
What will turn sediments into sedimentary rock?
heat and pressure
compaction and cementation
cooling
heating
How do volcanoes form?
At divergent boundaries because of subduction.
At convergent boundaries because of subduction.
At divergent boundaries where plates slide past each other.
At convergent boundaries where plates slide past each other.
Which of the following statements are true regarding wind?
Wind can erode landforms.
Wind can shorten the height of landforms.
Wind cannot transport materials.
Wind cannot cause weathering.
Which statements are true regarding seismic waves?
P waves are most dangerous
P-waves can travel through liquids, while S-waves cannot.
Surface waves arrive first.
Surface waves have the largest amplitudes, so they cause the most destruction.
Which mineral is given a 10 on Mohs' Hardness Scale?
Fluroite
Calcite
Diamond
Talc
Which statement is true regarding volcanic eruptions?
Volcanoes can ONLY be destructive to the environment.
Volcanoes can be destructive and constructive to the environment.
Volcanic ash is neither constructive or destructive to the environment.
How do geologists know that seafloor spreading is happening at the mid-ocean ridge?
The newest rocks are at the ridge, while the oldest rocks are near the trenches/subduction zones.
Earthquakes occur here.
Island arcs are found here.
Which evidence supports Alfred Wegner's Pangaea?
Identical rocks and fossils were found on separate continents.
Identical climate conditions on ALL continents.
More freshwater in the South Hemisphere than the Northern Hemisphere.
Which of the following is NOT true about volcanic effects on the environment?
Volcanic ash and dust can lead to climate change.
Volcanic ash can react with oxygen and water to form acid rain.
Volcanoes can melt glaciers all over the earth.
Animals may migrate due to volcanic ash destroying their habitats.
What do metamorphic rocks need to turn into igneous rock?
Melting, then cooling
heat and pressure
weathering and erosion
As we move from the crust to the inner core, how does the density and temperature of Earth's materials change?
The materials become more dense, and temperature increases.
The materials become less dense, and temperature increases.
The materials' density does not change, and the temperature increases.
What should engineers consider when planning to build near transform boundaries and fault lines?
Avoid putting windows in apartments and houses.
Avoid building apartment buildings in the area.
Tall apartment buildings should be flexible and less fragile.
Houses should be built so that all vents can be closed.
Water freezing and thawing in the crack of a rock is an example of
chemical weathering
mechanical weathering
biological weathering
ecological weathering
What evidence supports the Theory of Plate Tectonics?
Continental and oceanic plates have different densities.
Seismic activity and volcanoes occur at plate boundaries.
Less dense plates subduct beneath more dense plates.
Sizes and shapes of continents stay the same size throughout Earth's history.
Why is coal an important resource?
Because of its composition
Because of its texture and hardness
because it produces various gases
because it can create large amounts of heat and energy when burned
What land feature will form when a denser plate sinks below a less dense plate?
trench
ridge
rift valley
new crust
Which layer of Earth is considered the outermost layer with two different densities?
mantle: lithosphere and asthenosphere
crust: oceanic and continental
crust: lithosphere and asthenosphere
Igneous rocks form when magma cools. Why are there two different types of igneous rock?
Intrusive igneous rocks cool slowly inside earth, while extrusive igneous rocks cool rapidly on Earth's surface.
Intrusive igneous rocks cool rapidly on Earth's surface, while intrusive igneous rocks cool slowly inside Earth.
What will most likely happen if pressure is released along a fault line?
volcano will erupt
earthquake will occur due to release of energy in form of seismic waves
rocks along the fault line will sink and melt
One side of the fault will rise above the other side of fault line.
What is the inner core comprised of?
solid iron and nickel
molten iron and magnesium
silicon and oxygen
What is the outer core comprised of?
solid iron and nickel
molten iron and magnesium
silicon and oxygen
What is the crust comprised of?
solid iron and nickel
molten iron and magnesium
silicon and oxygen
If a tectonic plate is moving toward another tectonic plate, creating a convergent boundary, what might happen?
There may be new hot spots in the area.
More frequent earthquakes may occur due to movement of plates.
New crust may be formed due to an expanding shoreline.
According to the Theory of Plate Tectonics, what causes the plates to move?
convection currents
mantle plumes
rifts
List the order of the processes that must occur for a sedimentary rock to form.
compaction, cementation, weathering, deposition, erosion
weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation
erosion, deposition, cementation, compaction, weathering
