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WorksheetsExam Review
Total questions: 60
Worksheet time: 30mins
Which phenomena occur as a result of the gravitational attraction between the moon and Earth?
Eclipses
Ocean Tides
Seasonal Changes
Phases of the Moon
The diagram above shows a polar projection of Earth and four positions of the Moon. The highest high tides and lowest low tides are called spring tides. Which positions of the Moon produce spring tides in Earth's oceans?
1 and 2
2 and 4
1 and 3
3 and 4
Which diagram below shows the relationship between the sun, the moon, and Earth when the moon is full (seen as a completely lighted circle)?
A student observed the shape of the Moon once every 7 days during the month of June. Which of the following drawings shows how the Moon's shape could have changed during the month of June?
The diagram above shows a polar projection of Earth, the Sun, and four positions of the Moon. Which position of the Moon could cause a solar eclipse?
1
2
3
4
A new moon, as viewed from Earth, is shown above. Which statement best describes how a new moon occurs?
Earth receives no sunlight.
The moon receives no sunlight.
Earth is between the moon and the sun.
The moon is between Earth and the sun.
The diagram above shows the relative positions of Earth and the Moon and rays of sunlight. Based on the diagram, which of the following best represents how the Moon would appear as seen from Earth?
Why is there a full moon approximately once a month?
The Moon revolves around Earth once a month.
The Moon rotates on its axis once a month.
The Moon revolves around the Sun once a month.
The Moon does not rotate on its axis.
Which diagram most accurately represents the effect of the gravitational pull of the Moon on Earth's ocean tides?
When magnesium (Mg) metal is burned in the presence of oxygen (O2), magnesium oxide (MgO) is produced. The properties of magnesium oxide are different than the individual properties of magnesium and oxygen because magnesium oxide is
a solution.
a mixture.
a compound.
an element.
A diagram of the periodic table is shown above. In which region of the table would nonmetals be found?
1
2
3
4
In a comparison of metals to nonmetals, metals tend to have
lower melting points and greater conductivity than nonmetals.
lower conductivity and lower density than nonmetals.
higher density and lower melting points than nonmetals.
greater conductivity and higher melting points than nonmetals.
Iodine would have chemical properties most like
manganese (Mn).
chlorine (Cl).
tellurium (Te).
xenon (Xe).
Which element in this row would be the least likely to react with other elements?
Boron
Carbon
Neon
Oxygen
A student uses red cabbage indicator to determine the pH of 4 household substances. Which household solution has the lowest pH?
Club Soda
Lemon Juice
Drain Cleaner
A student uses red cabbage indicator to determine the pH of 4 household substances. Comparing his results to the color chart below, what logical conclusion can the student make regarding the substances he tested?
Lemon juice has a pH between 0 and 2.
Drain cleaner has a pH between 10 and 12.
Window cleaner and club soda are both neutral solutions.
Which of the following statements is correct?
Blue litmus paper turns red when placed in a base.
Red litmus paper turns blue when placed in a base.
Red litmus paper stays red when placed in a base.
Blue litmus paper stays blue when placed in an acid.
Which of the following substances can be separated into several elements?
Nitrogen
Zinc
Air
Aluminum
A diagram of the hydrologic cycle is shown above. Which stage of the water cycle follows X in the diagram?
How does radiant heat from the Sun affect the water cycle?
It causes evaporation.
It causes cloud formation.
It causes surface run-off.
It causes precipitation.
A stream of surface water reaches a porous portion of sediment and seeps into the ground. This water eventually joins a large reservoir of water located beneath the Earth's surface. This example describes the ____________ interacting with the ______________.
hydrosphere; lithosphere
lithosphere; atmosphere
hydrosphere; biosphere
biosphere; lithosphere
Most precipitation forms in clouds high up in the atmosphere. Why is this the case?
Water vapor is not able to condense at sea level.
Clouds, made up of condensed water, are only able to form at high altitudes.
As water vapor rises in the atmosphere, it cools and condenses.
The formation of precipitation only takes place in the atmosphere's stratosphere.
When precipitation falls on land surfaces, it begins to flow toward sea level. The water is more likely to flow toward sea level as groundwater if
the surface is porous and there are lots of interconnected spaces underground.
the surface is not porous and there are lots of interconnected spaces underground.
the surface is porous and there are few interconnected spaces underground.
the surface is not porous and there are few interconnected spaces underground.
Which of the following statements demonstrates that the ocean is connected to all of Earth's water reservoirs through the processes of evaporation and precipitation?
A water molecule trapped in a glacier melts and runs into a river or a stream.
A water molecule is absorbed by a plant and used to perform photosynthesis.
A water molecule from the South Atlantic Ocean can fall as rain into an inland lake.
A water molecule is consumed by a person or animal and released as perspiration.
An inventor claims to have designed a perpetual motion machine, a device that creates its own power. Which of the following laws best explains why a perpetual motion machine cannot work?
Law of Conservation of Energy
Law of Conservation of Matter
Newton's Second Law
Newton's Third Law
The steps above describe the process of generating electricity by burning coal in a power plant. Which energy transformation occurs during this process?
Nuclear energy of the steam is converted to thermal energy of the turbine.
Mechanical energy from the turbine is converted to electrical energy in the generator.
Electric energy from the generator is converted to chemical energy in the power lines.
Chemical energy from the generator is converted to electric energy in the power lines.
Jackie used a portable electric drill to remove screws from a broken wooden table. He noticed that the screws holding the table together were warm to the touch after being removed from the wood. What explains this phenomenon?
Mechanical energy from the drill was converted into thermal energy due to friction.
Electrical energy from the drill was converted into chemical energy due to resistance.
Thermal energy from the drill was converted into mechanical energy due to inertia.
The process of removing the screw concentrated the thermal energy that was already present in the wood.
Which of the following are true statements about energy in systems?
When energy is transferred or transformed, some matter must be changed into energy to keep the total amount of energy in the system the same.
Energy can be transferred or transformed within the system or outside the system, but the energy cannot be destroyed.
The total amount of energy in a system must be equal to the total amount of matter.
Not an answer
What is an energy change that takes place in a light bulb once it is plugged into the wall?
Chemical energy changes to light energy.
Chemical energy changes to heat energy.
Electrical energy changes to light energy.
Electrical energy changes to chemical energy.
Ryan is testing two types of light bulbs to see how efficiently they use energy. Ryan turns both bulbs on and finds that after an hour, the incandescent bulb is too hot to touch, while the compact fluorescent bulb is warm, but not hot. What can Ryan infer from his findings?
The fluorescent bulb is producing more light than the incandescent bulb.
The fluorescent bulb is transferring more energy to its surroundings as heat.
The incandescent bulb is producing more light than the fluorescent bulb.
The incandescent bulb is transferring more energy to its surroundings as heat.
The figure above represents a pendulum's motion with the lowest point of its swing labeled P. What happens to most of the pendulum's gravitational potential energy as it reaches the lowest point P?
It is transformed into inertia.
It is transformed into kinetic energy.
It is transformed into thermal energy.
It is transformed into chemical energy.
A song is playing on a radio. Which statement describes the change in the flow of energy?
Electrical energy is changed to light energy.
Electrical energy is changed to sound energy.
Sound energy is changed to light energy.
Sound energy is changed to electrical energy.
A stretched spring attached to two fixed points is compressed on one end and released, as shown above. The resulting wave travels back and forth between the two fixed ends of the spring until it comes to a stop. This mechanical wave is an example of a
transverse wave.
longitudinal wave.
superpositioned wave.
refracted wave.
Louis is holding the end of a string in his hand. The other end of the string is attached to the wall and does not move. Louis raises and lowers his arm causing the string to move up and down vertically. The wave that travels along the string is an example of
an electromagnetic wave.
a transverse wave.
a microwave.
a longitudinal wave.
Astronauts on the Moon would not be able to hear a landslide because
the lunar dust deadens sounds.
intensive sunlight destroys sound waves.
the magnetic field of the Moon is too weak to carry sound.
air molecules on the Moon are too far apart to carry sound.
Which of the following graphs best represents the relationship of the frequency of an electromagnetic wave to its wavelength?
If a porpoise in the water and a bat in the air both produce ultrasonic waves when they are 16 m from an object, which animal would hear its echo first and why?
The bat would hear its echo first because sound travels faster in air than in water.
The porpoise would hear its echo first because sound travels faster in water than in air.
The bat would hear its echo first because the amplitude of sound waves is greater in air than in water.
The porpoise would hear its echo first because the amplitude of sound waves is greater in water than in air.
Which of the following statements best describes a difference between mechanical waves and electromagnetic waves?
Mechanical waves can produce colored light, while electromagnetic waves cannot.
Mechanical waves can travel in any direction, while electromagnetic waves travel only in one direction.
Mechanical waves travel only through a medium, while electromagnetic waves can also travel through a vacuum.
Mechanical waves travel only at the speed of light, while electromagnetic waves can travel at many different speeds.
Earthquakes are able to knock over buildings because seismic waves transfer
sound and matter.
energy.
energy and matter.
matter.
When one end of a short metal bar is heated, the opposite end will eventually become hot. Which of the following processes transfers the heat through the bar?
condensation
conduction
convection
radiation
Which of the following is an example of heat transfer by convection?
Sunlight heating floor.
An electric stove heating an iron pan.
A wood stove heating nearby objects through electromagnetic waves.
An electric heater heating air, which rises and is replaced with cooler air.
An architect knows that a home receiving a lot of exposure to the Sun will benefit from the heating effects of sunlight if there is a lot of glass in the home's design. By which of the following methods will sunlight heat the home?
Conduction
Convection
Evaporation
Radiation
Which of the following diagrams best represents the directions that heat will move when the test tubes are place into the water bath?
A student touches a metal sink with her finger and notices that her finger feels cold. Which of the following statements explains this observation?
Heat energy flows from the student's finger to the metal sink.
Heat energy flows from the metal sink to the student's finger.
The student's finger was originally at the same temperature as the sink.
The student's finger was originally at a lower temperature than the sink.
This circuit is a series circuit because
it has two light bulbs.
the same current flows through both light bulbs.
it uses a single battery.
the current is divided between the light bulbs.
Th graph shows that current
increases when resistance decreases.
decreases when resistance decreases.
increases when resistance increases.
doubles when resistance increases.
How would disconnecting a wire from Bulb C affect the circuit?
Two of the bulbs would remain lit.
Three of the bulbs would produce light.
The battery would lose energy to the bulbs.
The wires to the bulbs would turn red and overheat.
Which statement is true about parallel circuits?
They contain separate branches through which current can flow.
They are usually called open circuits.
They provide one path through which current can flow.
They cease to function when one part of the circuit is disconnected.
Why are parallel circuits, rather than series circuits, commonly used in wiring houses?
They allow appliances to operate separately.
They are cheaper.
They have a higher total resistance.
The voltage drop varies with each resistor.
Which is a true statement about a series circuit?
All the current flows through every part of the circuit.
Every part of the circuit is positively charged.
The current through the circuit can take several paths.
Every part of the circuit is negatively charged.
The currents of Earth's oceans are caused by
disturbances by submarines and large ships.
global winds and differences in temperature and salinity.
waves and earthquakes along tectonic plate boundaries.
marine organisms and volcanic eruptions.
Winds generally flow away from the equator and towards the poles. What transfer does this flow of wind cause?
a water transfer, with water moving from the atmosphere to the ocean.
a water transfer, with water moving from the ocean to the atmosphere.
an energy transfer, with heat energy moving away from the equator.
an energy transfer, with heat energy moving toward the equator.
Global climate and weather patterns are driven by differences in the amount of heat energy in different areas of the Earth. Which statement best explains why different areas of the Earth have different amounts of heat energy?
Energy from within the Earth is only released in areas with volcanic activity.
Hydro-energy from the movement of ocean water can only reach coastal areas.
Different regions of the Earth receive different amounts of solar energy.
The solar radiation from the Sun only reaches near the equator.
Judging from the map, which region probably has cooler summers than it would without the effect of a nearby ocean current?
The US West Coast
The British Isles
The US East Coast
The Central US
The main source of energy for wind currents on Earth is
lightning.
heat from the sun.
the moon's gravity.
heat from the Earth's interior.
Which of the following statements about ozone is true?
Ozone in the troposphere is harmful, and ozone in the stratosphere is beneficial.
Ozone in both the troposphere and the stratosphere is bad.
Ozone in the stratosphere is harmful, and ozone in the troposphere is beneficial.
Ozone in both the troposphere and the stratosphere is good.
What two gases make up 99% of the Earth's atmosphere?
carbon dioxide and nitrogen
carbon dioxide and oxygen
nitrogen and oxygen
nitrogen and water vapor
Earth's atmosphere is divided into layers based upon
water content.
relative humidity.
gas content.
temperature gradient.
In the troposphere,
temperature decreases as altitude increases.
temperature stays the same as altitude increases.
temperature increases as altitude increases.
temperature alternately increases and decreases as altitude increases.
Sunlight absorbed by Earth's surface is re-radiated as infrared radiation. Much of this radiation is then trapped in the atmosphere by gases that absorb it. This absorption by atmospheric gases adds additional heat to the atmosphere, which warms the Earth's surface. This process is called
precipitation.
the jet stream.
the Coriolis effect.
the greenhouse effect.
