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Grade 8 Science: Structures: Systems in Action

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 43mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which of these is not a force?
a)
Mechanical Advantage 
b)
Friction 
c)
Gravity
d)
Buoyancy 
2.
What is a side effect of a system? 
a)
 Exploring how systems affect people, other organisms, and the environment.
b)
All of the tasks or services that the system performs.
c)
The unintended or undesirable outputs of a system
d)
All of the things that go into a system to make it work.
3.
Which of these is not considered an input of a system?
a)
sun
b)
gasoline
c)
energy
d)
flowers
4.
Which of these is not a simple machine?
a)
Wheelbarrow 
b)
Screw
c)
Wheel and axle 
d)
Pulley 
5.
What is the purpose of machines? 
a)
To recapture lost energy of prevent energy from escaping in the first place
b)
To reduce the amount of friction between two sliding parts
c)
To measure of how strong force is
d)
To help us use energy more efficiently/ do work easier. 
6.
How does an inclined plane help us do work?
a)
Allows us to move heavy objects using a smaller force
b)
Magnifies input force
c)
Can be used to increase the size of the force or the speed
d)
By minimizing any force lost because of friction/slippage. 
7.
What two forces are involved when a machine is used to do work?
a)
push & pull 
b)
input force & output force 
c)
gravity & buoyancy 
d)
weight & gravity
8.
What is mechanical advantage? 
a)
Basic accuracy training. 
b)
A measure of how strong the force of gravity is between two objects.
c)
When a machine reduces the chances of effectiveness.
d)
A measure of how much easier the machine makes the work.
9.

Force is measured in:

a)

magnitude

b)

Joules

c)

g/cm3

d)

Newtons

10.
What is not an input for a car?
a)
Applying force on the gas pedal 
b)
Movement 
c)
Turning the steering wheel 
d)
Gasoline
11.
Why would I weigh less on the moon? 
a)
Moon has a smaller mass than Earth, so its gravitational pull is less
b)
Your weight stays the same regardless of what planet you are on.
c)
There's no Bulk Barn on the Moon 
d)
Because my mass changes depending on gravity. 
12.

Effort Force

a)

is the force EXERTED BY a machine

b)

is also known as Resistance Force

c)

is the force APPLIED TO a machine on the input arm

d)

is applied to the resistance/load/ output arm

13.
What is friction? 
a)
The force that resists motion between two objects in contact
b)
The mechanical advantage in a “perfect” world
c)
The moment when a specific technological shift hits mainstream society
d)
A substance that helps parts of a system work efficiently 
14.
Which of the following is used to decrease friction? 
a)
Slip resistant shoes 
b)
Rubbing sticks together to make fire 
c)
Ski wax
d)
Rough surfaces 
15.
____________ is a push or pull on an object.
a)
Motion
b)
Force 
c)
Speed
d)
Velocity
16.
__________ force is a force that is transmitted through a string, rope, cable, or wire when it is pulled tight by forces acting from opposite ends.
a)
Air Resistance
b)
Tension
c)
Spring 
d)
Gravitational
17.
__________ force is a natural force of attraction between any two objects that have mass.
a)
Electromagnetic
b)
Gravitational
c)
Air Resistance
d)
Normal
18.
As the mass of an object increases, the force of gravity ___________.
a)
Increases
b)
Decreases
c)
Stays the same
d)
Increases and then decreases
19.

Which is an example of a social system?

a)

A can opener

b)

A PS4

c)

An airplane

d)

A police force

20.
What is a system?
a)
The fixed point at which a lever pivots.
b)
A group of parts that work together to perform a function.
c)
A push or pull on an object that may result in a change in the object’s motion or shape
d)
Unintended or undesirable outputs
21.
What is not an example of a physical system?
a)
Solar system
b)
Digestive system 
c)
Government 
d)
Electrical system
22.

The inputs of a system are the _____________.

a)

people, places and events.

b)

forces, movement or actions.

c)

forces, energy or raw materials.

d)

actions, people or things.

23.

Outputs of a system are the __________________.

a)

forces, energy or raw materials.

b)

tasks or services that a system performs.

c)

people, actions and places.

d)

sunlight, flowers and soil.

24.

Some examples of inputs in a garden are __________________.

a)

energy from the sun, compost and water.

b)

flowers, fruits and vegetables.

c)

humans, habitats and food.

d)

energy from insects, pollen and return of nutrients to the soil.

25.

Some examples of outputs in a garden are __________________.

a)

energy from the sun, compost and water.

b)

flowers, fruits and vegetables.

c)

humans, habitats and food.

d)

energy from insects, pollen and return of nutrients to the soil.

26.

One of the most important concepts we learn this year in science is systems thinking. Systems thinking involves _________________________.

a)

thinking about the unintended consequences outputs of a system.

b)

thinking about making products cheaper and greener.

c)

thinking about replacing human labour with machines.

d)

thinking about how parts of a system work together, how they affect people, organisms and the environment.

27.
Stairs
a)
wedge
b)
pulley
c)
inclined plane
d)
wheel and axle
28.
This device
a)
wedge
b)
lever
c)
incline plane
d)
wheel and axle
29.

How could I reduce the effort force needed to lift the load?

a)

move the fulcrum away from the load

b)

move the fulcrum closer to the load

c)

place the fulcrum in the middle

d)

remove the fulcrum

30.
What type of simple machine is this?
a)
wheel and axle
b)
gear
c)
lever
d)
inclined plane
31.
An inclined plane wrapped around a rod forms this simple machine 
a)
lever
b)
pulley
c)
screw
d)
wedge 
32.

WHAT ARE THE 3 MAIN PARTS OF A LEVER?

a)

FOOT, EFFORT, REPORT

b)

FULCRUM, STRUCTURE, EFFORT

c)

FULCRUM, EFFORT ARM, LOAD ARM

d)

OUTPUT FORCE, LOAD FORCE, INPUT FORCE

33.

The force that the lever applies to the load is _____________.

a)

output force

b)

input force

c)

load force

d)

applied force

34.

The effort force applied to the lever is _____________.

a)

output force

b)

input force

c)

load force

d)

applied force

35.

The force that the input force has to overcome in order to cause movement is _____________.

a)

output force

b)

input force

c)

load force

d)

applied force

36.

_________________ is the measure of the strength of a force.

a)

Gravity

b)

Magnitude

c)

Newton

d)

Weight

37.

The purpose of a simple machine is to reduce the amount of _____________ needed to accomplish a task.

a)

force

b)

work

c)

mechanical advantage

d)

efficiency

38.

If a load of a lever is 100 N and the force you apply is 20 N, what is your mechanical advantage?

a)

120 N

b)

5 N

c)

2000 N

d)

80 N

39.

The amount of work you do when you exert one newton of force to move the object one meter is a(n) _____________________.

a)

joule

b)

newton

c)

meter

d)

output force

40.

The scientific meaning of the word ____________________ is exerting a force on an object that causes the object to move some distance.

a)

work

b)

power

c)

mechanical advantage

d)

efficiency

41.
Which of the following is an example of work being done?
a)
Teacher sitting in a chair
b)
Book resting on desk
c)
Keys hanging from a key chain
d)
A ball being rolled on the floor
42.

Work = Force x distance


If a student uses 10 N of force to push a chair 5 m, how much is work is being done?

a)

2 Joules

b)

.5 Joules

c)

50 Joules

d)

20 Newtons

43.

Work = Force x distance or W = F x d


How much work (in Joules) is produced when 350 newtons is used to move a car 5 meters?

(a)  

44.

What is the actual mechanical advantage if you use a lever to lift a load of 300 newtons and you only push down with 50 newtons?

a)

250

b)

50

c)

60

d)

6

45.

The wheelbarrow in the picture has an effort arm 150 cm long and a load arm 60 cm long. What is the mechanical advantage?


MA =

effort arm length

load arm length

a)

2.5

b)

5.2

c)

0.4

d)

3

46.

The mechanical advantage of a machine in real-world applications is called _______________________.

a)

ideal mechanical advantage

b)

actual mechanical advantage

c)

real mechanical advantage

d)

fictional mechanical advantage

47.

The mechanical advantage of a machine if all the input force is converted into output force is called __________________________. It is never possible in real-world applications.

a)

ideal mechanical advantage

b)

actual mechanical advantage

c)

real mechanical advantage

d)

fictional mechanical advantage

48.

_______________________________ refers to the help a company provides those who purchase and us a company's product or service.

a)

Helpline

b)

Customer Service

c)

Call Centre

d)

Take out service

49.

The replacement of human workers by technology is also referred to as ____________________________.

a)

automation

b)

mechanization

c)

artificial intelligence

d)

a cyborg takeover

50.

Economic efficiency describes how well a social system works. An example of economic efficiency is _____________________________________________.

a)

food arriving at the restaurant partially prepared

b)

a server preparing one customer's order while using a headset to take the next order

c)

workers taking frequent breaks throughout the day.

d)

reading the newspaper while serving customers

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