Ryland is doing an investigation using a toy car and an inclined plane. He wants to calculate the speed of the car. He recorded the distance the toy car traveled. What else does he need to record to be able to calculate the speed of the car? (SC.4.P.12.2)

Emily made the following observations in a chart.

Which of Emily’s observations is scientifically testable?

Gabriel is designing an experiment to see whether sugar or artificial sweetener will attract the greatest number of ants. Which statement best describes why Gabriel should write

down his experimental procedure?

Delilah followed these steps of an investigation:

 Collect five objects made of different types of metal.

 Place them on a large table.

 Touch each metal object with a magnet and lift slowly.

 Record observations.

Which of the following statements is Delilah most likely testing?

Jeff wants to find out if eating breakfast really affects test performance. On the day of the science test, he interviews all of his classmates and records whether or not they ate breakfast. He then records the test grades of the class and analyzes the data. He finds that students who ate breakfast scored an average of 86% on the science test and students who didn’t eat breakfast scored an average of 80% on the science test. Jeff draws the conclusion that if students eat breakfast before taking a test, then they will improve their test performance. What could Jeff have done to make his experiment more valid?

Alyssa heard caffeine is harmful to the body. She believes that it must also be harmful to other living things, such as plants. She decides to do an experiment to see if she is right. Her mother bought ten of the same kind of plants at the garden center. List another variable, other than the same type of plants that needs to be controlled in her experiment.

Why is it most important to keep accurate records during an experiment?

Which of the following is the best way that scientists have success when they explore and learn about the natural world?

Susie decided to conduct an experiment to see what would happen to different substances when vinegar is added to them. She put a few drops of vinegar in some baking soda, some flour, and some sugar, separately. Then she recorded her observations. What scientific term is used to describe the substances she tested with the vinegar?

Scientists developed a pesticide called DDT in the 1940’s that was effective in eliminating mosquitoes. They began to use it to kill mosquitoes found in nature. Years later, scientists found evidence that DDT was killing birds and other animals. It also caused birds’ eggs to have thin shells so they were unable to survive. DDT was also linked to causing cancer in humans. What would be the logical conclusion based on these findings?

Juan noticed that there had been no rain in his school garden, and that the plants were starting to wither. He and his class decided to water the garden every day to see if the plants recovered. Which of Juan’s statements below is a scientific observation?

Scientists conducting scientific experiments do not assume that any particular result will happen. However, what do scientists expect from repeated trials?

Tim finished conducting experiments to investigate the effect of salt water on plant growth. What should he do next?

Robin has thought of an interesting new hypothesis that might explain why people yawn. She has researched the question and learned a lot about what is known about yawning so far. She believes she has thought of a reason no one else has thought of before. However, before her idea can be a valid scientific explanation, what must occur?