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WorksheetsPearson Science Chapter 5 - Earthquakes
Total questions: 23
Worksheet time: 2hrs 50mins
What is stress?
a force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume by adding energy until the rock breaks
a force that acts on water to change its shape or volume by adding energy until the water is separated
a force that acts on rock to change how it looks by adding energy until the rock changes
a load, force, or system of forces producing a strain
What are the three kinds of stress?
Tension
Compression
Shearing
Elastic
Studying for a test
What is tension stress?
stress that stretches rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle
stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks
stress that pushes masses of rock in opposite directions, in a sideways movement
What is compression stress?
stress that stretches rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle
stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks
stress that pushes masses of rock in opposite directions, in a sideways movement
What is shearing stress?
stress that stretches rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle
stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks
stress that pushes masses of rock in opposite directions, in a sideways movement
Choose the three words that describe this fault.
Normal Fault
Reverse Fault
Tension Stress
Compression Stress
Divergent Boundary
Choose the three words that describe this fault.
Normal Fault
Reverse Fault
Tension Stress
Compression Stress
Convergent Boundary
Choose the three words that describe this fault.
Normal Fault
Strike-Slip Fault
Tension Stress
Shearing Stress
Transform Boundary
In this image of a reverse fault, is A the hanging wall or footwall?
Hanging Wall
Footwall
In this image of a reverse fault, is B the hanging wall or footwall?
Hanging Wall
Footwall
Which of these statements describes a normal fault?
- Hanging wall moves down
- Footwall moves up
- Hanging wall moves up
- Footwall moves down
- Little up or down motion as rocks slip past each other sideways
Which of these statements describes a reverse fault?
- Hanging wall moves down
- Footwall moves up
- Hanging wall moves up
- Footwall moves down
- Little up or down motion as rocks slip past each other sideways
Which of these statements describes a strike-slip fault?
- Hanging wall moves down
- Footwall moves up
- Hanging wall moves up
- Footwall moves down
- Little up or down motion as rocks slip past each other sideways
What is the focus of an earthquake?
The area beneath Earth’s surface where the rock that was under stress begins to break or move. The action triggers the earthquake.
The area directly on Earth’s surface where the rock that was under stress begins to break or move. The action triggers the earthquake.
The area beneath Earth’s surface where the rock that was under stress stays stationary.
The place an earthquake focuses on destroying
What is the epicenter of an earthquake?
The point on the surface directly above the epicenter.
Any point directly above the focus.
Any point directly below the focus.
The point on the surface directly above the focus.
What are seismic waves?
Vibrations that are similar to light waves. They travel through Earth carrying energy released by an earthquake.
Vibrations that are similar to sound waves. They travel through Earth carrying energy released by an earthquake.
Vibrations that are similar to sound waves. They travel through Earth carrying energy released by an earthquake's aftershock.
Aftershocks that are similar to initial earthquakes. They travel through Earth carrying energy released by a fault.
Which of these statements describes P-Waves?
First waves to arrive, compresses and expands the ground (like an accordian), can damage buildings, can travel through both solids and liquids
Second waves to arrive, moves side to side or up and down (at 90 degree angles to where they travel), shakes structures violently, can travel through through solids only
Move more slowly than P and S waves, can produce severe ground movement that is similar to waves in water - circular pattern, can make the ground roll like ocean waves or shake buildings from side to side
Which of these statements describes S-Waves?
First waves to arrive, compresses and expands the ground (like an accordian), can damage buildings, can travel through both solids and liquids
Second waves to arrive, moves side to side or up and down (at 90 degree angles to where they travel), shakes structures violently, can travel through through solids only
Move more slowly than P and S waves, can produce severe ground movement that is similar to waves in water - circular pattern, can make the ground roll like ocean waves or shake buildings from side to side
Which of these statements describes Surface Waves?
First waves to arrive, compresses and expands the ground (like an accordian), can damage buildings, can travel through both solids and liquids
Second waves to arrive, moves side to side or up and down (at 90 degree angles to where they travel), shakes structures violently, can travel through through solids only
Move more slowly than P and S waves, can produce severe ground movement that is similar to waves in water - circular pattern, can make the ground roll like ocean waves or shake buildings from side to side
What is a magnitude?
A single number that biologists assign to an earthquake based on the earthquake’s size.
A single number that seismologists assign to an earthquake based on the earthquake’s size.
A single number that seismologists assign to an earthquake based on the earthquake’s suddenness
A single number that seismologists assign to an earthquake based on the earthquake’s damage
What is the Modified Mercalli Scale, and what does it measure?
Rates the amount of shaking from an earthquake. The shaking is rated by people’s observations, without the use of any instruments.
A scale that rates an earthquake’s magnitude based on the size of its seismic waves
Rates the total energy an earthquakes releases
What is the Richter Scale, and what does it measure?
Rates the amount of shaking from an earthquake. The shaking is rated by people’s observations, without the use of any instruments.
A scale that rates an earthquake’s magnitude based on the size of its seismic waves
Rates the total energy an earthquakes releases
What is the Moment Magnitude Scale, and what does it measure?
Rates the amount of shaking from an earthquake. The shaking is rated by people’s observations, without the use of any instruments.
A scale that rates an earthquake’s magnitude based on the size of its seismic waves
Rates the total energy an earthquakes releases
