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WorksheetsTCI - Scales of Change on Earth's Surface
Total questions: 21
Worksheet time: 11mins
An example of a small scale change is __________
a landslide covering houses in mud.
a volcano erupting and depositing lava around it.
a wave rubbing sand against a rock, weathering it.
an earthquake causing a cliff to fall into the ocean.
How long does it take small changes to create something big like the Namib Desert?
a week
a year
millions of years
hundreds of years
When rock is broken down in place it is called _________, but if material is removed, it is called _________.
weathering; erosion
breaking; transportation
sanding; sedimentation
reacting; deposition
Which of the following is NOT a way ice would play a role in small scale changes?
A glacier grates over a boulder slowly, weathering the rock.
An ice shelf breaks off Antarctica and crashes into the ocean.
As ice slowly melts on a mountainside, it slides some topsoil downhill.
A small piece of a glacier melts, dropping the small stones it had picked up as it moved.
How are sand dunes formed?
Eroded sand is carried by the wind and deposited.
A large flood leaves the sand behind in wave shapes.
Beetles walk across the sand and it forms big ripples.
The ground beneath the dunes is already shaped like hills.
Mountain ranges are formed over hundreds of millions of years through the process of _________.
uplift
erosion
deposition
weathering
In which way do continents NOT change?
They move about 1-3 cm/year.
Forces underneath the crust cause uplift.
Gravity pulls the crust inward, causing depressions.
Waves erode rock and change the shape of coastlines.
Sandstone is formed by __________.
chemical weathering of limestone
uplift of deep crustal rock to the surface
stone being eroded by sand over millions of years
sand being deposited in layers that are compacted together
Limestone caves are formed through the process of __________ when a chemical reaction causes the limestone to dissolve into water.
erosion
deposition
chemical weathering
mechanical weathering
What is the difference between magma and lava?
There is no difference.
Magma is solid rock and lava is molten rock.
Magma is molten rock and lava is solid rock.
Magma is below ground and lava is above ground.
What is an asteroid?
Any rock in orbit around the Earth.
Anything that falls from space and hits the Earth.
A chunk of rock the size of a mountain in orbit around the sun.
A huge chunk of ice that travels through the whole solar system.
What is NOT an effect of an asteroid hitting Earth?
A huge crater is formed.
There is an explosion like a bomb.
Lots of dust is ejected into the atmosphere.
Earth’s temperature raises for weeks from the energy released.
Which of the following catastrophic events can last the longest?
landslide
flash flood
earthquake
volcanic eruption
Flash floods are caused by __________.
tornadoes
landslides
earthquakes
heavy rainfall
Landslides may be caused by __________, which may ____________. (Choose the BEST option).
strong winds; push lots of soil downhill
earthquakes; move unstable ground
wildfires; burn away trees holding soil in place
high temperatures; decrease the amount of water in the soil, destabilizing the area.
On what time scale does fossil preservation occur?
days
years
billions of years
thousands of years
What is a hoodoo?
a religious artifact
a type of mushroom cap
a legendary goblin native to Utah
a type of unusual rock formation
How are hoodoos formed?
The rock forms around fossilized trees.
They are carved by ancient peoples for use in religious ceremonies.
The rock at the top is more resistant to weathering, so it protects the rock underneath it.
Wind patterns cut columns out of the rock and the “cap” rocks fall on top of the columns from above.
Why are hoodoos significant to scientists?
Because of their unusual shape, they prove that there are unnatural forces at work.
Because of their unusual shape, they prove that we do not understand all the processes at work.
They’re found all over the world, proving that natural processes act the same way all over Earth.
They’re only found in Utah, proving that natural processes do not act uniformly across Earth.
The natural processes that happen now have always happened and will continue to happen. This idea is called ________.
sameness
unvaryism
constantism
uniformitarianism
Changes to Earth’s surface happen at _______ time scales and _______ spatial scales.
all; all
only fast; only small
only slow; only small
only fast; large and small
