anything that stands for itself and something else on a figurative level

a metaphor that extends over several lines or throughout the poem

a comparison of two different things or ideas using the words "like" or "as"

the imaginary voice of the writer or author

the writer's choice of words

an extreme exaggeration

a reference to a well-known person, event or place, can be from history

the repetition of the same word or group of words at the beginning of two or more clauses or lines

a regularly repeated line or group of lines in a poem usually at the end of a stanza

a comparison between two unlike things thing in which one thing is spoken of as if it is was another

the literal, dictionary definition of a word

the associations and emotional overtones attached to a word beyond its literal definition

the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent words

the repetition of the sound of a vowel

the repetition of final consonant sounds in stressed syllables with different vowel sounds

a point in the poem where the tone changes

words whose sounds suggest their emotions, Pow! Bang! Ouch!

the verbal expression of a sensory experience; created by details that appeal to the five senses