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Earth Science Regents Review - Climate and Weather

Total questions: 35

Worksheet time: 42mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Dry areas caused by sinking air and diverging surface winds are located at which two latitudes?

a)

0º and 30º N

b)

30º N and 30º S

c)

0º and 60º S

d)

60º N and 60º S

2.

Which two climate factors are most directly responsible for the amount of snowfall normally received in Bu alo, New York?

a)

ocean currents and storm tracks

b)

mountain barriers and average temperatures

c)

elevation and potential evapotranspiration

d)

prevailing wind direction and nearness to a large body of water

3.

The weather map shows a portion of a low-pressure system. Which front will most likely pass over location A during the next two hours?

a)

warm

b)

stationary

c)

cold

d)

occluded

4.

The average temperature at Earth's North Pole is colder than the average temperature at the Equator because the Equator

a)

receives less ultraviolet radiation

b)

receives more intense insolation

c)

has more cloud cover

d)

has a thicker atmosphere

5.

A city located on the coast of North America has warmer winters and cooler summers than a city at the same elevation and latitude located near the center of North America. Which statement best explains the difference between the cities' climates?

a)

Ocean surfaces change temperature more slowly than land surfaces.

b)

Warm, moist air rises when it meets cool, dry air.

c)

Wind speeds are usually greater over land surfaces than over ocean surfaces.

d)

Ocean surfaces have a lower specific heat than land surfaces.

6.

Liquid water can store more heat energy than an equal amount of any other naturally occurring substance because liquid water

a)

covers 71% of Earth's surface

b)

has its greatest density at 4º C

c)

has the higher specific heat

d)

can be changed into a solid or a gas

7.

Which event is inferred by most scientists to be responsible for a climate change that has recently led to a decrease in the size of most glaciers?

a)

a decrease in the rate of divergence of lithospheric plates along a mid-ocean ridge

b)

a decrease in the amount of insolation reaching Earth's surface

c)

an increase in the amount of greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere

d)

an increase in the amount of vegetative cover in the tropics

8.

Adjacent water and landmasses are heated by the morning Sun on a clear, calm day. After a few hours, a surface wind develops. Which map best represents this wind's direction?

a)
b)
c)
d)
9.

Arrows on the maps below show differences in the direction of winds in the region of India and the Indian Ocean during January and July. Isobar values are recorded in millibars. Heavy monsoon rains usually occur in India during

a)

January, when winds blow from the land

b)

January, when winds blow toward high pressure

c)

July, when winds blow from the ocean

d)

July, when winds blow toward high pressure

10.

The station model shows several weather variables recorded at a particular location. What was the most likely dewpoint at this location?

a)

32º F

b)

40º F

c)

61º F

d)

70º F

11.

The map shows locations A and B on Earth's surface at the same distance from the ocean, at the same elevation above sea level, and at the same latitude. Which statement best explains why location A has a cooler climate than location B?

a)

Location A has a longer duration of insolation each day.

b)

Location A is influenced by a cold ocean current.

c)

Location B is farther from the equator.

d)

Location B has less intense insolation each day.

12.

The diagram shows how prevailing winds cause different weather conditions on the windward and leeward sides of a mountain range. Clouds usually form on the windward sides of mountains because this is where air

a)

rises and cools

b)

rises and warms

c)

sinks and cools

d)

sinks and warms

13.

The prevailing southwesterlies wind belt causes most low-pressure weather systems to travel across the United States from the

a)

southwest toward the northeast

b)

northwest toward the southeast

c)

northeast toward the southwest

d)

southeast toward the northwest

14.

A psychrometer is used to determine which weather variables?

a)

wind speed and wind direction

b)

percentage of cloud cover and cloud height

c)

air pressure and air temperature

d)

relative humidity and dewpoint

15.

The diagram represents an aneroid barometer that shows the air pressure, in inches of mercury. When converted to millibars, the air pressure shown is equal to

a)

1009.0 mb

b)

1012.5 mb

c)

1015.5 mb

d)

1029.9 mb

16.

A dry-bulb temperature of 30º C and a wet-bulb temperature of 29º C were recorded at a weather station. What are the relative humidity and the most likely weather conditions?

a)

Relative humidity is 29% with clear skies.

b)

Relative humidity is 29% with a good chance of snow.

c)

Relative humidity is 93% with clear skies.

d)

Relative humidity is 93% with a good chance of rain.

17.

What is the difference in the air temperature and humidity between the cP and mT air masses?

a)

The cP air mass is warmer and less humid.

b)

The cP air mass is colder and more humid.

c)

The mT air mass is warmer and more humid.

d)

The mT air mass is colder and less humid.

18.

The incomplete flowchart below shows some of the changes that occur in warm air as it rises to form a cloud. Which statement should be placed in the empty box to accurately complete the flowchart?

a)

The air warms as it expands.

b)

The air cools until it reaches the dewpoint.

c)

The air's relative humidity decreases to zero.

d)

The air enters the thermosphere.

19.

Based on the dry-bulb temperature and the wet-bulb temperature, what is the relative humidity?

a)

66%

b)

58%

c)

51%

d)

12%

20.

Compared to an inland location, a location on an ocean shore at the same elevation and latitude is likely to have

a)

cooler winters and cooler summers

b)

cooler winters and warmer summers

c)

warmer winters and warmer summers

d)

warmer winters and cooler summers

21.

A map view of surface air movement in a low-pressure system is shown. The air near the center of this low-pressure system usually will

a)

evaporate into a liquid

b)

reverse direction

c)

rise and form clouds

d)

squeeze together to form a high-pressure system

22.

The cross section below shows a weather front. 35. The large arrow shows the direction of the movement of the cool air mass. Which type of weather front is shown?

a)

warm front

b)

cold front

c)

occluded front

d)

stationary front

23.

A parcel of air has a dry-bulb temperature of 16º C and a wet-bulb temperature of 10º C. What are the dewpoint and relative humidity readings of the air?

a)

–10º C dewpoint and 14% relative humidity

b)

–10º C dewpoint and 45% relative humidity

c)

4º C dewpoint and 14% relative humidity

d)

4º C dewpoint and 45% relative humidity

24.

In the United States, most tornadoes are classified as intense

a)

low-pressure funnel clouds that spin clockwise

b)

low-pressure funnel clouds that spin counter-clockwise

c)

high-pressure funnel clouds that spin clockwise

d)

high-pressure funnel clouds that spin counterclockwise

25.

The arrows on which map show the most likely path in which these two pressure centers will move over the next few days?

a)
b)
c)
d)
26.

The arrows on which map best show the pattern of surface winds around these two pressure centers?

a)
b)
c)
d)
27.

Which map shows the most likely location of clouds associated with these pressure centers?

a)
b)
c)
d)
28.

Which weather information shown at station B was measured with an anemometer and weather vane?

a)

34

b)
c)
d)

138

29.

What was the probable air pressure, in millibars, at station D?

a)

1015.0 mb

b)

1017.0 mb

c)

1021.0 mb

d)

1036.0 mb

30.

Which weather station had the highest relative humidity?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

31.

Which New York State weather station had clear skies?

a)

Albany

b)

Buffalo

c)

New York City

d)

Syracuse

32.

Which climate condition generally results from both an increase in distance from the equator and an increase in elevation above sea level?

a)

increased air pressure

b)

cooler temperatures

c)

warmer prevailing winds

d)

increased precipitation

33.

Evidence supports the idea that increases in carbon dioxide and methane in Earth’s atmosphere are major contributors to global warming. This is based primarily on the fact that carbon dioxide and methane are excellent absorbers of

a)

gamma rays

b)

microwaves

c)

visible light

d)

infrared radiations

34.

The unequal heating rates of the land and water are caused by

a)

land having a higher density than water

b)

water having a higher density than land

c)

land having a higher specific heat than water

d)

water having a higher specific heat than land

35.

The map shows a portion of the western United States and Canada. Two cities in Canada, Vancouver and Winnipeg, are labeled on the map. Which graph best represents the average monthly air temperatures for Vancouver and Winnipeg?

a)
b)
c)
d)