WorksheetsFinal Exam Practice
Total questions: 170
Worksheet time: 9hrs 30mins
Identify the type of signal that travels from the button to the encoder in the battery-operated device.
The type of signal that travels from the button to the encoder in the battery-operated device is an electric signal.
The type of signal that travels from the button to the encoder in the battery-operated device is a radio (electromagnetic) signal.
The type of signal that travels from the button to the encoder in the battery-operated device is a fiber optic signal.
Describe the function of this encoder and identify the type of signal sent through the air to the car.
The function of this encoder is to prepare a message to send to the electrical system. The type of signal sent through the air to the car is an electromagnetic (radio) signal.
The function of this encoder is to read the message from the electrical system. The type of signal sent through the air to the car is an electromagnetic (radio) signal.
The function of this encoder is to prepare a message to send to the electrical system. The type of signal sent through the air to the car is a fiber optic signal.
Describe the function of the decoder in this keyless entry system.
The function of the decoder in this keyless entry system is to read the message from the battery operated device.
The function of the decoder in this keyless entry system is to send a message to the battery operated device.
The function of the decoder in this keyless entry system is to open the doors of the car.
Identify the destination in this system.
The destination in this system is the electrical system of the car.
The destination in this system is the door lock of the car.
The destination in this system is the battery operated device.
Describe the function of the core and the function of the cladding.
The function of the core is to carry the light and the function of the cladding is for the light to reflect off of.
The function of the cladding is to carry the light and the function of the core is for the light to reflect off of.
The function of the cladding and the core is to carry the light.
Describe the difference between the signals that are transmitted by fiberoptic cable and those transmitted by copper wire.
The difference between the signals that are transmitted by fiberoptic cable and those transmitted by copper wire is that the signals in fiber optics are light signals and the signals in copper wire are electrical signals.
The difference between the signals that are transmitted by fiberoptic cable and those transmitted by copper wire is that the signals in fiber optics are electrical signals and the signals in copper wire are sound signals.
The difference between the signals that are transmitted by fiberoptic cable and those transmitted by copper wire is that the signals in fiber optics are sound signals and the signals in copper wire are X-ray signals.
Identify two advantages of using plastic instead of glass in a fiberoptic cable
Two advantages of using plastic instead of glass in a fiberoptic cable are that plastic is not expensive and it is not brittle like glass.
Two advantages of using plastic instead of glass in a fiberoptic cable are that plastic is not expensive and it is faster.
Two advantages of using plastic instead of glass in a fiberoptic cable are that plastic is not malleable and it is strong.
Copy the diagram into your Student Answer Booklet. On your diagram, add arrows to show the path of an e-mail sent from a user’s computer at the Acme Corporation to a user’s computer at the Blue Corporation.
Identify the part of a communication system represented by the user’s computer at the Blue Corporation. Explain your answer.
The part of a communication system represented by the user’s computer at the Blue Corporation is the source because it is sending the information.
The part of a communication system represented by the user’s computer at the Blue Corporation is the destination because it is where the information is going.
The part of a communication system represented by the user’s computer at the Blue Corporation is the encoder because it is creating the message.
Identify the part(s) of a communication system represented by the POP3 servers. Explain your answer.
The parts of a communication system represented by the POP3 servers is receiver and storage because it receives the message and stores it until the person reads it.
The parts of a communication system represented by the POP3 servers is sender and encoder because it prepares and sends the information.
The parts of a communication system represented by the POP3 servers is the destination because it is the final location of the message.
Which of the following devices is most likely to use a laser?
computer speaker
DVD player
microwave oven
space heater
The illustration below shows a person operating a light signal.
Light signals were once commonly used by ships for communication. By rapidly opening and closing the horizontal shutters in front of the light source, a person could send a coded message. This form of communication uses discrete signals.
Which of the following modern technologies also uses discrete signals?
fiber optics
film cameras
record players
sound speakers
The diagram below represents a section of fiber optic cable used in a communication network.
Which of the following allows fiber optic cables to transmit data?
total bending of light
total dispersion of light
total internal reflection
total internal refraction
A certain technology transmits information between nearby devices, such as cell phones, digital cameras, and headsets. Which of the following are mainly used by this technology to transmit information?
ethernet cables
gamma rays
optical fibers
radio waves
Which of the following statements best explains why fiber optic cable is preferred over copper wire in telephone and Internet applications?
Fiberoptic cable can be used both indoors and outdoors.
Fiber optic cable is more flexible and needs no power source.
Fiber optic cable is easier to manufacture and install into office buildings.
Fiber optic cable is less sensitive to temperature and electromagnetic interference.
Wireless signals can be used in long-distance data communication systems. Which two components of these communication systems interact with the wireless signals that travel a long distance?
source and encoder
receiver and decoder
destination and storage
transmitter and receiver
Many communication systems use fiber optic technology instead of copper wire. Which of the following statements describes an advantage of using fiber optics instead of copper wire for communications applications?
Fiber optics have a lower initial cost.
Fiber optics have a higher power rating.
Fiber optics do not require expensive electric conductors to complete a communication system.
Fiber optics provide greater bandwidth and can transmit more information along a similar-sized cable.
Encryption is an example of which of the following processes in a computer networking system?
encoding
receiving
storing
transmitting
Which of the following uses binary values?
analog signals
digital signals
gamma rays
ultraviolet rays
Under which of the following conditions would fiber optics most likely be preferred over radio waves for communication?
The climate of the area is hot and humid.
There are frequent power outages in the area.
The content of the communication needs to be secure.
There is little money available to build the communication system.
A music producer can use digital recording technology to create a signal that closely resembles a song performed in the recording studio. The recording of the song can then be replayed an indefinite number of times without worry that the signal will become distorted or worn out.
Which of the following statements describes how digital recording technology achieves this?
The technology records and stores the signals as binary values and then converts the binary values back to an analog wave form during replay.
The technology records the signals as alphanumeric values and then converts the alphanumeric values back to direct current during replay.
The technology records the signals as a variable wave form and then converts the variable wave form back to alternating current during replay.
The technology records the signals as a constant wave form and then converts the constant wave form back to a digitized code during replay.
How are radio signals transmitted through the atmosphere?
as direct current
as mechanical waves
as alternating current
as electromagnetic waves
Some small MP3 music players use solid-state memory chips to store music. In which of the following formats is music stored in these MP3 players?
digital codes
magnetic codes
photovoltaic cells
laser-etched patterns
Which of the following would increase the amount of information that can be transmitted by a fiber optic cable?
increasing the length of the cable
increasing the number of fibers in the cable
using fewer optical amplifiers along the cable
using plastic instead of glass in the cable
Which of the following technologies has increased the efficiency of telecommunications systems such as television, telephone, and high-speed Internet?
DVD burners
MP3 players
electrical wires
fiber optics
Which of the following best describes the functions of the receiver and decoder in a communication system that uses fiber optic cables to transmit data?
to receive the light signal and convert it to binary data
to receive the sound signal and convert it to binary data
to receive the audio signal and convert it to analog data
to receive the direct signal and convert it to analog data
Digital telecommunication systems allow for reliable transmission of voice, data, and video signals. Which of the following statements describes the process of data transmission in a digital communication system?
Sound signals use alternating frequencies to transmit continuously.
Sound signals use binary vibrations that are transmitted wirelessly.
Electrical signals are converted to x-rays and transmitted to a receiver.
Electrical signals are converted to binary code and transmitted to a decoder.
A certain component in a communications system receives a signal and converts it into a digital data stream. This component is an example of which of the following?
encoder
source
storage
transmitter
Which of the following devices uses laser technology to function?
Blue tooth headset
computer monitor
DVD player
USB drive
A car audio system processes information in both digital form and analog form to create an output to the speakers. Which of the following components of the car’s audio system processes information that is always stored in a digital form?
FM radio
AM radio
CD player
cassette player
Which of the following matches a communication medium with a type of signal that can be readily transmitted through it?
copper wire—electric
copper wire—infrared
optical fiber—radio
optical fiber—x-ray
The two most common media through which voice and data transmissions are carried are copper cable and fiber optic cable. Which of the following statements describes the type of signals carried by each cable?
Copper cable carries electrical signals; fiber optic cable carries light signals.
Copper cable carries electrical signals; fiber optic cable carries sound signals.
Copper cable carries transport signals; fiber optic cable carries electrical signals.
Copper cable carries modulation signals; fiber optic cable carries electrical signals.
Which of the following statements describes an advantage of total internal reflection within an optical fiber?
It converts electrical signals into optical signals.
It converts optical signals into electrical signals.
It allows optical signals to be transmitted along a curved path.
It allows electrical signals to be transmitted along a curved path.
A series circuit is shown in the diagram below.
What is the total resistance of the circuit if the current is 2 A?
5.0 Ω
6.6 Ω
15 Ω
60 Ω
The drawing below shows a series circuit. This series circuit operates when the switch is closed. Which of the following is most likely represented by X?
source
ground
transistor
ohmmeter
Which of the following devices most likely operates on alternating current?
a cell phone
a flashlight
a laptop computer
a microwave oven
Which of the following would be most affected if the temperature of a 20 ft. piece of 14-gauge copper wire were increased by 30°C?
the melting point of the wire
the electrical resistance of the wire
the signal processing speed of the wire
the direction of current flow within the wire
The diagram below represents a circuit to a fuel pump in a car. The ignition switch is turned off. This fuel pump may have an internal short circuit. At which two points should an ohmmeter be connected to measure the resistance of the fuel pump?
P and S
Q and P
R and Q
S and R
In an electrical circuit, which of the following has the greatest direct effect on the resistance of a metal conductor?
the temperature of the conductor
the malleability of the conductor
the color of the conductor
the age of the conductor
Which of the following statements accurately describes electrical circuits?
Only AC circuits can transmit electrical energy.
Only DC circuits can transmit electrical energy
Current in AC circuits flows in both directions.
Current in DC circuits flows in both directions.
Which of the following statements describes an advantage of AC electricity over DC electricity?
AC is found in most low voltage operations.
AC is provided as strong, short bursts of electricity.
AC transforms easily to higher or lower voltage levels.
AC travels in one direction, avoiding power supply interruptions
Which of the following statements describes a function of component X when the switch is closed?
Component X turns the circuit on and off
Component X supplies energy to the circuit.
Component X uses a low current to control a higher-current circuit
Component X allows electrical current to flow in only one direction
The voltage across a resistor in a circuit is 6 V and the current is 0.25 A. What is the resistance?
0.04 Ω
1.5 Ω
9 Ω
24 Ω
Which of the following equations should be used to calculate the total resistance, RT, of the circuit?
Which of the following statements describes a function of component X when the switch is closed?
Component X turns the circuit on and off.
Component X supplies energy to the circuit
Component X uses a low current to control a higher-current circuit.
Component X allows electrical current to flow in only one direction.
Which of the following circuits has the same current as the circuit in the diagram?
Lupe modifies this circuit by decreasing the voltage of the battery by one-half. In order to keep the amount of current flowing through the circuit the same as it was before, which other change must Lupe make to the circuit?
She must add a switch.
She must increase the resistance.
She must decrease the resistance.
She must remove a section of wire.
At which of the following points should the two leads of a voltmeter be placed to measure the voltage across R1?
at points U and W
at points S and X
at points S and T
at points T and U
What is the most likely function of the component marked X in this circuit?
to open and close the circuit
to produce voltage for the circuit
to protect the circuit from excess current
to ensure that current flows in only one direction
A homeowner uses an extension cord to provide power to exterior holiday lights. A strand of holiday lights consists of 100 light bulbs wired in parallel. Which of the following actions will have the greatest effect on the resistance of the extension cord?
connecting several strands of lights to the extension cord
plugging the extension cord into a ground-fault circuit interrupter outlet
operating an indoor appliance while providing power to the extension cord
leaving several burned-out bulbs in a strand of the lights connected to the extension cord
Calculate the current in the circuit. Show your calculations and include units in your answer.
I = 30 V / 5 ohms = 6 Amps
I = 30 V x 5 ohms = 150 Amps
I = 30 Volts
I = 5 ohms
Calculate the total resistance in this circuit. Show your calculations and include units in your answer.
R total = 5 ohm + 10 ohm = 15 ohms
R total = 5 ohm + 5 ohms = 10 ohms
R total = 10 ohms
R total = 5 ohms
Calculate the current in this circuit. Show your calculations and include units in your answer.
I = 30 Volts / 5 ohms = 6 Amps
I = 30 Volts / 10 ohms = 3 Amps
I = 30 Volts / 15 ohms = 2 Amps
I = 30 Volts
Describe how adding this second resistor, R2, in series affects the power output of the battery. Explain your answer.
Adding in this second resistor, Rs, causes the power to decrease because the current also decreases from the added resistance.
Adding in this second resistor, Rs, causes the power to increase because the current also increases from the added resistance.
Select three of the electrical components in the list. Describe the basic function of each component in an electrical circuit of a personal computer.
A diode only allows electricity to go in one direction.
A resistor will slow down the flow of electricity.
A fuse provides electricity to the circuit
A battery provides electricity to the circuit.
In your Student Answer Booklet, draw a circuit diagram that uses a battery, a switch, and two resistors. Make sure that in your diagram current always passes through one resistor, but only passes through both resistors when the switch is closed. Be sure to label each component.
Draw the diagram for the series circuit with the two resistors. Label the components of the new circuit.
Calculate the total amount of current in the new circuit. Show your calculations and include units in your answer.
I = 9 Volts / (5 ohms + 7 ohms) = 0.75 Amps
I = 9 Volts / 5 ohms = 0.75 Amps
I = 9 Volts
I = 5 ohms
Calculate the potential difference (voltage) across each resistor, R1 and R2, in the new circuit. Show your calculations and include units in your answer.
V = 0.75 Amps x 7 ohms = 5.25 Volts
V = 0.75 Amps x 5 ohms = 3.75 Volts
V = 0.75 Amps x 12 ohms = 9 Volts
V = 0.75 Amps
Some banks use tubes to transport cylindrical canisters between the bank teller and the customer in the drive-through lane. Pressurized air propels the canister from the bank teller to the customer and back.
Which of the following best describes this system?
a hydraulic system using liquids that can be compressed
a hydraulic system using liquids that cannot be compressed
a pneumatic system using gases that can be compressed
a pneumatic system using gases that cannot be compressed
The diagram below shows a system of hydraulic pistons. The surface area of piston Y is nine times greater than the surface area of piston X. If a downward force of 10 N is applied to piston X, what upward force will piston Y exert?
3 N
10 N
30 N
90 N
An architect is designing a special fountain for an art museum. A system of copper pipes will be used to supply water to different parts of the fountain.
Which of the following will occur if the architect uses a 45° elbow instead of a 90° elbow in one section of the piping system?
The water will stop flowing through the pipe, causing it to overflow.
The water will flow with less resistance, allowing it to spray farther.
The water will be blocked by air bubbles in the pipe, causing it to build up.
The water will have more turbulent flow, decreasing the flow rate in the elbow.
Many mechanical systems are modeled after natural processes. Which human body function is most like a closed system?
excreting sweat
circulating blood
breathing in oxygen
secreting tears from ducts
An air compressor contains cooling coils that circulate water. Over time, these coils corrode and need to be cleaned in an acid bath to restore the efficiency of the system. A simplified diagram of this coil cleaning process is shown below.
Which of the following would convert the cleaning process from an open fluid system to a primarily closed fluid system?
combining the fumes from the acid bath and the acid recovery tank
transferring the acid from the acid bath directly to the waste containers
moving the acid from the acid bath to the acid recovery tank at a slower rate
pumping the acid from the acid recovery tank back into the acid storage tank
What do all pneumatic tools have in common?
They are powered by water.
They are powered by compressed gas.
They are powered by recirculated fluid.
They are powered by supercooled fluid.
A person is using a garden hose to water the plants in his yard. The hose does not have a nozzle. To make the water spray, the person covers part of the hose opening with his thumb, as shown below. The water will have the greatest velocity if the person leaves which percentage of the hose opening uncovered?
10%
25%
50%
80%
Hydraulic pistons are commonly used to hold a load in an exact position. Why might an air-driven piston be an inappropriate tool to use for this purpose?
Air is invisible.
Air is insulating
Air is weightless.
Air is compressible.
In the hydraulic system represented below, piston X has a cross-sectional area of 20 cm2 and piston Y has a cross-sectional area of 10 cm2. How far up will piston Y move if piston X is pushed down a distance of 2 cm?
1 cm
2 cm
4 cm
10 cm
Which of the following statements best describes open fluid systems?
Water is the only fluid used in open systems.
Fluids are not recirculated through open systems.
Open systems are used only in hydraulic applications.
Open systems require minimal energy for operation.
Which of the following pipe fittings has the least resistance to fluid flow?
The diagram below shows a water tank and hose that a person will use to water a garden. Gravity causes water to flow through the hose. The person wants to improve the watering system by increasing the velocity with which the water leaves the hose. Which of the following would be the easiest solution to this problem?
increase the diameter of the water tank
decrease the diameter of the water tank
increase the diameter of the hose nozzle
decrease the diameter of the hose nozzle
Which of the following fluids cannot be used in any hydraulic system?
oil
nitrogen gas
a flammable liquid
a water-based substance
Which of the following fluid systems is characterized by the release of fluids?
closed
indoor
open
outdoor
A homeowner’s new garden hose has a larger diameter than his old garden hose. Both hoses are the same length. Which of the following changes should the homeowner expect when using the new garden hose?
a decrease in the density of the water
a decrease in the velocity of the water
a decrease in the viscosity of the water
a decrease in the temperature of the water
Which of the following explains why a sprinkler system is considered an open fluid system?
It uses water instead of air.
It allows water to evaporate.
It allows water to leave the system.
It recycles all the water within the system.
The diagram below shows a section of a water pipe. The diameter of the pipe changes along the length of this section. At which two points in the pipe does water travel at approximately the same speed?
points W and Y
points W and Z
points X and Y
points X and Z
Identify the sprinkler system as an open system or a closed system. Explain your answer.
The sprinkler system is an open system because the fluid is released.
The sprinkler system is an closed system because the fluid is released.
The sprinkler system is an open system because the fluid is not released.
The sprinkler system is an closed system because the fluid is not released.
Describe how the decrease in pipe diameter, from 1 in. to 1/2 in., affects the resistance to water flow as water moves through the pipes.
The decrease in pipe diameter, from 1 in. to 1/2 in., affects the resistance to water flow as water moves through the pipes by increasing the resistance because the diameter is decreasing.
The decrease in pipe diameter, from 1 in. to 1/2 in., affects the resistance to water flow as water moves through the pipes by decreasing the resistance because the diameter is decreasing.
Describe one advantage and one disadvantage of using copper piping instead of PVC piping for the sprinkler system.
One advantage of using copper is that it is strong and will last a long time without corroding or breaking.
One advantage of using copper is that it is not expensive.
One disadvantage of copper is that it is expensive.
One disadvantage of the copper is that it is a conductor.
Identify the two fluids used in the evaporative cooling system.
The two fluids in the evaporative cooling systems are air and water.
The two fluids in the evaporative cooling systems are liquid and gas.
The two fluids in the evaporative cooling systems are fans and air.
The two fluids in the evaporative cooling systems are water and liquids.
Identify whether the evaporative cooling system is an open system or a closed system. Explain your answer.
The evaporative cooling system is an open system because the fluid passes through once and leaves the system.
The evaporative cooling system is an closed system because the fluid passes through once and leaves the system.
The evaporative cooling system is an open system because the fluid passes through again and again.
The evaporative cooling system is an open system because the fluid is recirculated.
Describe one change in the evaporative cooling system that would allow more cool air to be produced.
One change in the evaporative cooling system that would allow more cool air to be produced is to move the air through the system faster so that more water is evaporated and carried away.
One change in the evaporative cooling system that would allow more cool air to be produced is to move the air through the system slower so that less water is evaporated and carried away.
One type of thermostat has a metal base plate that is attached to the surface being heated. As a result, electrical contacts in the thermostat are opened and closed by expansion and contraction. The proper operation of the thermostat depends on heat transfer by which of the following processes?
conduction
convection
radiation
sublimation
A forced hot air system minimizes cold spots within the interior rooms of a house. Which of the following is primarily responsible for the efficient heating by a forced hot air system?
convective heating
geothermal heating
infrared absorption
radiant reflection
Forced hot water is a popular type of home heating system used in the Northeast. Which of the following is the best material to use to release the thermal energy from the system?
ceramic
fiberglass
metal
nylon
Which of the following types of power plants is better suited to the southwestern United States than to New England?
solar
tidal
small-scale coal burning
small-scale hydroelectric
One goal of using alternative energy methods is to decrease dependency on fossil fuels. Which of the following statements best explains why dependency on fossil fuels needs to be decreased?
Fossil fuels are flammable.
Fossil fuels are nonrenewable.
Fossil fuels cost a lot of money.
Fossil fuels depend on the weather.
A warm room is located directly below a cold room. The temperature difference and the amount of insulation between the two rooms determine the rate of heat transfer. Which of the following statements describes the function of the insulation?
The insulation absorbs radiation from the warm room.
The insulation reflects energy back into the warm room.
The insulation prevents conduction from occuring between the two rooms.
The insulation prevents air currents from forming in the cold room.
Which of the following statements describes an advantage of using ceramic roof tiles instead of asphalt shingles in tropical climates?
Ceramic tiles are less brittle.
Ceramic tiles absorb more water.
Ceramic tiles are more lightweight.
Ceramic tiles absorb less heat energy.
The most likely reason a house is built with large south-facing windows is to reduce the need for which of the following?
attic insulation
energy for heating
energy for cooling
exterior wall insulation
Which of the following is one reason that copper and aluminum are often used to make cookware?
They are good radiators of heat.
They are good convectors of heat.
They are good conductors of heat.
They are good evaporators of heat.
Geothermal systems produce electricity from what energy source?
heat from the Sun
heat from Earth’s interior
mechanical energy from waves
energy from fossil fuels
The owner of an office building is planning to tint all the windows. Which of the following is the most likely reason for doing this?
to improve the structural integrity of the building
to prevent the window glass from shattering
to improve the appearance of the building
to reduce the cost of air conditioning
The drawing below shows part of a room in a house. Which of the following describes how this room is primarily heated?
condensation
conduction
convection
radiation
Which of the following statements explains why buildings in the northern United States usually have steeper roofs than buildings in the southern United States?
Steeper roofs have tighter rafter joints, which leak less during the cold winter season.
Steeper roofs have more surface area, which allows less heat to escape during the cold winter season.
Heavy snow loads in the North easily slide off steeper roofs, reducing the risk of roofs collapsing.
Minimal wind loads in the North allow for steeper roofs, reducing the number of shingles needed on roofs.
Which of the following uses only renewable energy?
a battery-powered radio
a gasoline-engine car
a natural-gas stove
a solar-heated shower
The illustration below shows two heat lamps being used to keep food warm. In which way does most of the heat from the lamps reach the food?
by conduction
by evaporation
by radiation
by resistance
During the construction of a house, which of the following actions would most likely minimize heat loss due to conduction?
installing a forced hot air heating system
increasing the number of south-facing windows
making sure all exterior doors are properly sealed
insulating exterior walls to attain the highest R-value
The drawing below shows a passive solar design for a house in Massachusetts. Explain why a properly sized overhang is important for this design in terms of energy efficiency in the summer.
A properly sized overhang is important for this design in terms of energy efficiency in the summer blocks the sunlight to cool the home because the sun is higher in the sky in the summer.
A properly sized overhang is important for this design in terms of energy efficiency in the summer allows the sunlight in to heat the home because the sun is lower in the sky in the summer.
The drawing below shows a passive solar design for a house in Massachusetts. Explain why a properly sized overhang is important for this design in terms of energy efficiency in the winter.
A properly sized overhang is important for this design in terms of energy efficiency in the winter block the sunlight to cool the home because the sun is higher in the sky in the winter.
A properly sized overhang is important for this design in terms of energy efficiency in the winter allows the sunlight in to heat the home because the sun is lower in the sky in the winter.
The drawing below shows a passive solar design for a house in Massachusetts. Which direction should the windows of the house be facing in order to increase energy efficiency during the winter? Explain your answer.
The windows of the house should be facing south in order to increase energy efficiency during the winter because the sun is lower in the sky and because its light shines in from the south.
The windows of the house should be facing north in order to increase energy efficiency during the winter because the sun is lower in the sky and because its light shines in from the north.
The photographs below show typical houses facing south in Vermont and in Arizona. Describe two features of the Vermont house design that make it uniquely advantageous to its geographical location. Explain your answers.
Two features of the Vermont house design that make it uniquely advantageous to its geographical location are the steep roof because there is heavy snow fall in Vermont and eaves because the provide sun to enter in the winter and block the sun in the summer.
Two features of the Vermont house design that make it uniquely advantageous to its geographical location are the small windows because this reduces the sunlight that enters the home and the covered entries because they cool the air that enters the home.
The photographs below show typical houses facing south in Vermont and in Arizona. Describe two features of the Arizona house design that make it uniquely advantageous to its geographical location. Explain your answers.
Two features of the Arizona house design that make it uniquely advantageous to its geographical location are the steep roof because there is heavy snow fall in Arizona and eaves because the provide sun to enter in the winter and block the sun in the summer.
Two features of the Arizona house design that make it uniquely advantageous to its geographical location are the small windows because this reduces the sunlight that enters the home and the covered entries because they cool the air that enters the home.
A thermostat for the heating system will control the temperature in the large room. Four possible locations for the thermostat are shown on the plan. Explain why each of the four numbered locations either is or is not a good place for the thermostat. Include the relevant heat transfer methods for each location in your answer.
Location 1 is good because it provides an accurate measurement of the room temperature away from windows and heating ducts.
Location 2 is a bad location because it is influenced by convection from the heating duct.
Location 3 is a bad location because it is influence by radiation from the sun coming in through the window and not the heating system.
Location 4 is a bad location because it is not in the room and cannot accurately measure the temperature int he room.
Location 4 is a bad location because it is not in the room.
Which of the following would be the most likely result if human workers were replaced by robots in a manufacturing assembly line?
an increase in labor costs
a decrease in productivity
a decrease in initial investment
an increase in product reliability
During which stage of manufacturing a wooden rocking chair are the pieces of the chair fastened together?
assembling
conditioning
finishing
forming
In manufacturing, it is important to perform routine maintenance to maintain quality and safety. Which maintenance procedure is performed for the sole purpose of ensuring that measurement instruments are measuring accurately?
calibration
lubrication
pressurization
sanitization
Which of the following is the best example of a finishing process in manufacturing?
filling a mold
drilling a hole
painting exterior surfaces
assembling multiple components
A remotely controlled robotic arm is used in the cleanup of contaminated areas. Which of the following best describes why robotics rather than humans are used for this task?
to prevent site investigation by OSHA
to minimize expense of safety equipment
to avoid human exposure to hazardous waste
to limit human exposure to poor weather conditions
An engineer uses the chart below when finalizing the design of a metal part that will undergo a machining process. What is the most likely reason that the engineer uses the chart?
to improve the ability of the machining process to make the part to exact dimensions
to adjust the machining process’s minimum tolerance to match the part’s requirements
to determine which machining process can make the part within the required tolerance range
to make sure the part is larger than the maximum dimension for the machining process that will be used
Which of the following qualities of a material is most important to consider before the material is sheared?
absorbency
conductivity
luster
thickness
In the illustration below, a thick sheet of metal is being passed through two large rollers to produce a thinner sheet. Which type of manufacturing process is being used?
casting
forming
molding
separating
A company specializes in manufacturing clothes made of delicate fabrics such as silk, lace, and nylon. The company owner is considering purchasing a robotic system that can be programmed to apply fasteners, such as buttons and snaps, to clothing items.
Describe two benefits of using a robotic system to apply fasteners to clothing item manufactured by this company.
A benefit of robots is that they can function continuously without getting tired unlike humans.
A benefit of robots is that they are more intelligent than humans.
A benefit of robots is that they can be easily repaired while humans cannot be.
A benefit of robots is that they are expensive to purchase.
A company specializes in manufacturing clothes made of delicate fabrics such as silk, lace, and nylon. The company owner is considering purchasing a robotic system that can be programmed to apply fasteners, such as buttons and snaps, to clothing items.
Identify two reasons the owner of the company may not want to purchase a robotic system for the task of applying fasteners to clothing items. Explain your reasoning.
A reason the owner may not want to purchase a robot is that they can be expensive.
A reason the owner may not want to buy a robotic system is that human hands may be better at working with delicate fabrics that can break easily.
A reason that the owner may not want to buy a robot is that they can work faster than humans and get more work done.
A reason the owner may not want to buy a robot is that they can do the work of many humans.
An automobile manufacturer is considering the use of robotics to paint new cars.
Provide one reason why using robots to paint cars might increase production compared with using human workers.
A reason why using robots to paint cars might increase production compared to humans is that they can work faster to increase production.
A reason why using robots to paint cars might increase production compared to humans is that they are more expensive.
A reason why using robots to paint cars might increase production compared to humans is that they are more creative than humans.
A reason why using robots to paint cars might increase production compared to humans is that they are more intelligent than humans.
An automobile manufacturer is considering the use of robotics to paint new cars.
Identify and explain two other reasons, besides an increase in production, for choosing robots instead of human workers to paint cars.
A reason why using robots to paint cars might increase production compared to humans is that they can perform work more accurately.
A reason why using robots to paint cars might increase production compared to humans is that they can do work that is hazardous to humans.
A reason why using robots to paint cars might increase production compared to humans is that they are more creative than humans.
A reason why using robots to paint cars might increase production compared to humans is that they are more intelligent than humans.
Concrete is an excellent material for foundations because it has which of the following properties?
high elasticity
high permeability
high tensile strength
high compression strength
Homeowners adding a new bathroom to their house are required by law to get a building permit before work is started. Which statement best describes the purpose of building permits for construction in existing homes?
Building permits provide homeowners with assistance in planning construction.
Building permits ensure that all construction work meets building codes for safety.
Building permits provide construction services to homeowners who are doing their own construction work.
Building permits ensure that the construction project will make the home more appealing to future homeowners.
The total load on a building floor is 60 lb. per sq. ft. The dead load is 40 lb. per sq. ft.
What is the live load on the floor?
20 lb. per sq. ft.
40 lb. per sq. ft.
60 lb. per sq. ft.
100 lb. per sq. ft.
The diagram below shows a portable circular saw. The diagram below shows a portable circular saw.
to permit proper rotation of the saw blade
to protect the operator’s hands and fingers
to provide constant lubrication to the saw blade
to prevent sawdust from getting into the operator’s eyes
The table below shows the thermal conductivities of several different materials. Based on the thermal conductivity data, which pair of materials would be best to use for the body and the handle of a cooking pot?
iron for the body and copper for the handle
tin for the body and aluminum for the handle
copper for the body and rubber for the handle
aluminum for the body and wood for the handle
Which of the following practices is unsafe when using a drill press to make a hole through a piece of wood?
sharpening the bit before drilling
running the drill at a constant speed while drilling
removing the wood chips with a brush after drilling
holding the wood in place with one hand while drilling
Many new car and truck frames are made of aluminum alloys. Which of the following statements describes an advantage of using aluminum frames in vehicles instead of steel frames?
Aluminum frames have a higher R-value, providing greater strength to vehicles.
Aluminum frames have a higher density, providing greater acceleration to vehicles.
Aluminum frames have a lower weight, resulting in lower fuel consumption in vehicles.
Aluminum frames have a lower conductivity, resulting in slower corrosion rates in vehicles.
Which of the following most likely restricts commercial development within a residential area?
a zoning law
a building code
an EPA regulation
an OSHA regulation
A pickup truck fully loaded with cargo weighs 5000 lb. If the cargo weighs 1000 lb., what is the dead load of the truck?
1000 lb.
4000 lb.
5000 lb.
6000 lb.
The amount of commercial development that the local government allows in a certain part of a city is limited by which of the following?
zoning laws
building codes
OSHA regulations
board of health requirements
The diagram below shows 500 kg of water in a plastic tank on a steel structure. What is the live load of this structure?
305 kg
500 kg
700 kg
805 kg
The foundation of a building carries the weight of the structure above it. Which of the following is the primary type of force on the foundation?
compression
friction
shear
torsion
Highway overpasses contain concrete. Which of the following statements describes how engineers increase tensile strength when building a highway overpass?
They use concrete that sets more quickly.
They put steel bars within the concrete.
They add a layer of asphalt on top of the concrete.
They reduce the amount of water in the concrete mixture.
An engineer wants to be certain that a product he is designing will return to its original shape after being subjected to torsional force. Which of the following should the engineer consider when selecting a material for this product?
The material should be rigid.
The material should be elastic.
The material should be expandable.
The material should be compressible.
A steel cable helps move an elevator from one floor to another, as shown in the diagram below. What is the primary type of stress on the cable above the elevator?
compression
tension
torsion
vibration
For safety, a person using a power tool should comply with which of the following rules?
Cut power by pulling on the electrical cord.
Use the tool only for the specific task the tool is designed to do.
Wear loose, baggy clothing that completely covers any exposed skin.
Make sure the power switch is set to ON before plugging the tool in.
Describe a task for which the right tool to use is a wrench but not pliers. Explain your answer.
A task for which the right tool to use is a wrench but not pliers is tightening a nut because pliers are only used for cutting cables.
A task for which the right tool to use is a wrench but not pliers is hammering nails.
A task for which the right tool to use is a wrench but not pliers is cutting cables because it wrenches are only used for tightening nuts and bolts.
Describe a task for which the right tool to use is pliers but not a wrench. Explain your answer.
A task for which the right tool to use pliers but not a wrench is tightening a nut because pliers are only used for cutting cables.
A task for which the right tool to use pliers but not a wrench is hammering nails.
A task for which the right tool to use pliers but not a wrench is cutting cables because it wrenches are only used for tightening nuts and bolts.
Describe a task for which a rubber mallet is better suited than a steel hammer. Explain your reasoning.
A task for which a rubber mallet is better suited than a steel hammer is applying a force to objects that are fragile or brittle because the rubber head can apply a force that does not scratch or damage the surface.
A task for which a rubber mallet is better suited than a steel hammer is hammering nails.
A task for which a rubber mallet is better suited than a steel hammer is cutting cables.
John and Samantha are moving to a city. They would like to open a music store. The building they want to buy includes enough space for the store, living quarters for John and Samantha, and a room in which John can practice the drums after the store closes at night. Before agreeing to make an offer on the property, John and Samantha go to the city hall to check the city zoning laws.
Identify two specific zoning laws that John and Samantha should check.
Two specific zoning laws that John and Samantha should check are for residential and commercial.
Two specific zoning laws that John and Samantha should check are for residential and industrial
Two specific zoning laws that John and Samantha should check are for industrial and commercial.
John and Samantha are moving to a city. They would like to open a music store. The building they want to buy includes enough space for the store, living quarters for John and Samantha, and a room in which John can practice the drums after the store closes at night. Before agreeing to make an offer on the property, John and Samantha go to the city hall to check the city zoning laws.
Explain how each zoning law you identified in part (a) would affect John and Samantha’s decision on purchasing the property.
Each zoning law you identified in part (a) would affect John and Samantha’s decision on purchasing the property because a residential zone is needed for them to live in the building and a commercial zone is needed for them to operate a business.
Each zoning law you identified in part (a) would affect John and Samantha’s decision on purchasing the property because a residential zone is needed for them to live in the building and an industrial zone is needed for to have a factory.
Each zoning law you identified in part (a) would affect John and Samantha’s decision on purchasing the property because a commercial zone is needed for them to have a business and an industrial zone is needed for to have a factory.
A student wants to place a 100 gal. aquarium on a 6 ft. 1.5 ft. 2.5 ft. wooden cabinet, as shown below. The floor of the student’s bedroom is designed to hold 50 lb. per sq. ft. of load. The empty aquarium and cabinet weigh 30 lb. and 80 lb., respectively. One hundred gallons of water weighs 831 lb.
Calculate the total load exerted on the floor by the cabinet and the aquarium filled with water. Show your calculations and include units in your answer.
Total Load = 80 lbs + 30 lbs + 831 lbs = 941 lbs
Total Load = 80 lbs + 30 = 110 lbs
Total Load = 831 lbs
A student wants to place a 100 gal. aquarium on a 6 ft. 1.5 ft. 2.5 ft. wooden cabinet, as shown below. The floor of the student’s bedroom is designed to hold 50 lb. per sq. ft. of load. The empty aquarium and cabinet weigh 30 lb. and 80 lb., respectively. One hundred gallons of water weighs 831 lb.
Can the floor of the student’s bedroom safely support the filled aquarium? Show calculations with units to justify your answer.
Pressure = 431 lbs / (6 ft x 1.5 ft) = 48 lbs/sq.ft., yes the floor can support the aquarium because the pressure is less than the 50 lbs/sq.ft. load limit of the floor.
Pressure = 431 lbs, No the floor cannot support the aquarium because the pressure is more than the 50 lbs/sq.ft. load limit of the floor.
A student wants to place a 100 gal. aquarium on a 6 ft. 1.5 ft. 2.5 ft. wooden cabinet, as shown below. The floor of the student’s bedroom is designed to hold 50 lb. per sq. ft. of load. The empty aquarium and cabinet weigh 30 lb. and 80 lb., respectively. One hundred gallons of water weighs 831 lb.
Identify the type of load on the floor that the aquarium and cabinet represent. Explain your answer.
The type of load on the floor that the aquarium and cabinet represent are a live load because they can both be removed from the room.
The type of load on the floor that the aquarium and cabinet represent are a dead load because they cannot be removed from the room.
Which of the following represents the front view of the spacer block?
In many microwave ovens, a turntable slowly rotates food while the oven is in operation. The turntable, however, was not part of the original microwave oven design.
Which of the following statements is the most likely reason the turntable was added to the microwave oven?
Food did not cook evenly
The oven used too much power
Food did not receive enough energy
The oven became too hot during operation
A building contractor is reviewing architectural plans for a new deck. The scale of the plan is 1/2" = 1'. The width of the deck on the scaled drawing measures 5 1/2".
What length of decking material should be used to span the width of the deck with a single board while minimizing waste?
6'
10'
12'
16'
Many types of models are used throughout the design process to help engineers create, develop, test, evaluate, and explain solutions.
An automobile company is ready to test a new, full-size, fully operational model. This type of model is called a
mockup
prototype
scaled system
control system
Which of the following conclusions about the piece of equipment can be made from this diagram?
It has two holes
It has two types of material
It has the same length and width
It has strength in compression and tension
An engineer has just finished building a prototype of a lawn tractor that is powered by a hydrogen fuel cell. Which of the following should be the next step in the design process?
testing the prototype to evaluate its performance
asking for funding to build more copies of the prototype
building a second prototype that is different from the first
making modifications to the prototype that will increase its power
What is the thickness of the plant container wall?
3/4"
7/8"
7 1/4"
14 3/4"
During which of the following steps of the engineering design process would an engineer most likely use the Internet?
identifying the problem
constructing a prototype
researching the problem
selecting the best solution
What does W represent in the drawing?
pipelines
a staircase
ceiling tiles
a ventilation duct
What is the total combined area of the pool and the locker room?
2,700 sq. ft.
7,200 sq. ft.
12,000 sq. ft.
24,000 sq. ft.
A student has a drawing of the Federal Reserve Bank Building in Boston, Massachusetts. The building’s height in the drawing is 25 cm. The drawing has a scale of 1 cm = 7.5 m. What is the actual height of the building?
32.5 m
187.5 m
312.5 m
375 m
Which devices are required by the National Highway Traffic and Safety Administration to be installed in every new automobile sold in the United States to supplement the protection offered by seat belts?
airbags
antilock brakes
four-wheel drive systems
global positioning systems
Which drawing represents the front view of the chair?
A company is designing a new automobile brake system. After repeated testing of the brake system prototype, engineers presented a report to their company explaining that they discovered a major problem in the system. Which of the following should the engineers do next?
redesign the brake system
build a full-scale version of the brake system
identify the reasons for building the brake system
evaluate the quality of the report about the brake system
In the 1800s, inventors built a device that could be used to send and receive encoded messages through electrical wires. Later inventors modified this technology to create voice-transmitting devices such as the telephone. Which of the following is the original device upon which voice-transmitting devices were based?
the radio
the tape recorder
the telegraph
the television
Which of the following is an example of an isometric drawing?
Punch cards were physically inserted into a computer to deliver commands. After punch cards, the technology was improved so that commands could be delivered by keyboards, wired or wireless mice, styluses, and touch screens. Which of the following needs was the most likely cause for these improvements in technology?
the need to perform experiments with computers
the need to use computers in fast and simple ways
the need to allow for computers to store information
the need to make computers available for medical and business applications
Which diagram shows what the right side view of this part would look like on an engineering drawing?
Which of the following parts of the ship’s wheel has a 2 mm diameter?
arc
circle
rivet
nail
A company is thinking of developing a hydrogen-powered motorcycle. Based on the engineering design process, which of the following tasks should the company complete next?
Build a working prototype of the motorcycle
Produce engineering designs for the proposed motorcycle
Evaluate the efficiency of the proposed motorcycle’s engine
Conduct market research to find out if there is a need for the motorcycle
A drawing is scaled so that 1″ = 16′. A wall section in the scaled drawing measures 3 3/4″. What is the actual dimension of the wall?
30'
48'
54'
60'
Which of the following statements is supported by the diagram?
The green roof has more cubic feet of soil than gravel
The green roof adds no more than 6 in. of height to a structure
The green roof adds no more than 6 cu. in. of mass to a structure
The green roof has a drainage mat and a waterproof covering made out of the same material
Several college students want to design and build a solar-powered car. They have chosen a design. Which of the following should they do next to follow an engineering design process?
Build a prototype of the car
Sell the design to a car company
Research the demand for solar-powered cars
Use the design to mass-produce solar-powered cars
Sarah presented an idea for recycling used tires to an automotive company. If she followed the engineering design process, what was the first step in developing her idea?
communicating the results of her research
developing a prototype she wanted to make
selecting the best possible solution to her problem
identifying the specific problem she wanted to solve
Juan is going to design a kite for mass production. After doing research, Juan creates several different designs and selects the one he wants to use. What are the next two steps Juan should do in the design process?
Build a prototype of the kite and test it
Build and finish full-sized kites
Redesign the kite and evaluate it.
Patent the kite design and sell it to others
Which of the following orthographic projections best represents this part?
The development of computer simulations to model and test bridge designs has improved the safety of new bridges. Which of the following statements best explains why computer simulation has improved the safety of new bridges?
Materials can be tested for defects before being purchased.
Design flaws can be identified and corrected before construction.
Plans can be sent electronically to other engineers for their review.
Multiple types of building materials can be incorporated in one design.
What do the circled numbers on the drawing represent?
the size of the parts
the quantity of the parts
the order in which to assemble the parts
the order of importance of detailed parts
A group of students is going to design and build a new set of shelves for a school. Which of the following describes the first steps of the design process that the students need to do?
Draw a diagram of the shelf design on the computer, select the materials, and build the shelves.
Find out why the shelves are needed, research current options, and brainstorm possible solutions.
Measure the space for the shelves, select the possible materials, and get prices for the materials proposed for use.
Brainstorm some ideas for the shelves, use the computer to design the shelves, and find the strongest materials to build the shelves.
How many views are usually necessary in order to describe an object using an orthographic projection?
1 or 2
2 or 3
4 or 5
5 or 6
