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WorksheetsARDS
Total questions: 16
Worksheet time: 32mins
All of the following materials will be found in the alveoli of a patient with ARDS EXCEPT:
leukocytes
cellular debris
fibrin
hyaline membrane
A patient has a prolonged case of ARDS. What changes would be expected in the patient's alveolar cells?
Multiplication of the type I cells
Influx of macrophages
Hyperplasia and swelling of the type II cells
Development of emphysema
Which of the following pulmonary changes are associated with ARDS?
1. Abnormal surfactant
2. Interstitial edema
3. Decreased shunt
4. Narrowing of the alveolar-capillary membrane
1, 2
3, 4
1, 3
1, 2, 3
What is the reason for the elevated risk of developing ARDS associated with massive blood transfusions?
Shock (hypovolemia)
Fat emboli
Receiving the wrong blood type
Blockages in pulmonary blood vessels
ARDS can result from the inhalation of all of the following EXCEPT:
FIO2 >0.60 for prolonged exposure.
nitrogen dioxide
very dry air
chlorine gas
Which of the following are causes of ARDS?
1. Liver failure
2. Heroin abuse
3. Septicemia
4. Goodpasture's syndrome
1, 4
2, 3
2, 3, 4
All the above
Which of the following are recommended to treat alveolar consolidation and atelectasis associated with ARDS?
1. Aerosolized bronchodilator medications
2. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
3. Chest percussion and postural drainage
4. Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)
1, 2
4
1, 3
2, 4
Which of the following are current ventilatory strategies in the treatment of ARDS?
1. Large tidal volume
2. Small tidal volume
3. Rapid respiratory rates
4. Slow respiratory rates
2
3
1, 4
2, 3
What initial tidal volume setting on the ventilator would be recommended for a 70-kg adult male with ARDS?
350 mL
420 mL
560 mL
500 ml
700 mL
All of the following would be low–tidal volume ventilation goals in a patient with ARDS, EXCEPT:
decrease barotrauma
maintain plateau pressure >30 cm H2O
decrease high transpulmonary pressures.
reduce overdistention of the lungs
Breath sounds associated with ARDS include:
1. vesicular.
2. bronchovesicular.
3. crackles.
4. bronchial.
4
1, 2
3, 4
2, 3, 4
All the above
Which of the following clinical manifestations are associated with ARDS?
1. Normal or decreased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP)
2. Increased CVP
3. Intercostal retractions
4. Cyanosis
1, 2
3, 4
2, 3, 4
2, 4
All the above
The chest radiograph finding indicative of severe ARDS is:
"ground-glass" appearance of the lungs
pleural effusion
bilateral hyperinflation of the lungs
tracheal deviation
All the above
According to the Berlin definition of ARDS, what does a PaO2/FIO2 ratio of 150 mm Hg indicate for a patient on mechanical ventilation with a PEEP of 10 cm H2O?
Normal lungs
Mild ARDS
Moderate ARDS
Severe ARDS
What is the most common cause of ARDS?
Sepsis
Fat embolism
Oxygen toxicity
Terrible pulmonary MD
Aspiration of gastric contents
When would symptoms of ARDS associated with a fat embolism from a long bone fracture be most likely to develop?
2 to 4 hours following the fracture
4 to 12 hours following the fracture
12 to 48 hours following the fracture
48 to 96 hours following the fracture
All the above
