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Urbanization, Industrialization, Immigration Unit Exam

Total questions: 58

Worksheet time: 1hrs 14mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
In public schools, immigrant children learned English and were taught about American history and culture, a process known as
a)
Americanization
b)
assimilation.
c)
industrialization.
d)
urbanization.
2.
Political machines provided new city dwellers with necessities such as jobs, housing, and police protection in exchange for
a)
 graft.
b)
votes.
c)
kickbacks.
d)
wages.
3.

The vast majority of European immigrants arriving on the East Coast passed through a processing center located where?

a)
Angel Island
b)
Ellis Island
c)
Staten Island
d)
Long Island
4.
Most urban working-class families lived in multifamily apartment buildings called
a)
suburbs.
b)
skyscrapers.
c)
tenements.
d)
work houses
5.
An extreme dislike for foreigners by native-born people
a)
nativism
b)
tenement
c)
individualism
d)
Social Darwinism
6.

He believed wealthy Americans should use their wealth to help people help themselves. 

a)
Andrew Carnegie
b)
James A. Garfield
c)
Thomas Eakins
d)
Booker T. Washington
7.
Which best describes the living conditions of most immigrants during the Industrial Revolution? 
a)
Most immigrants lived in rural areas with few other people around
b)
Most immigrants lived in cities in extremely crowded buildings
c)
Most immigrants lived in single-family homes
d)
Most immigrants lived in homeless shelters year-round
8.
Which best describes the working conditions of most immigrants during the Industrial Revolution? 
a)
Most immigrants worked long hours in low-paying industrial jobs
b)
Most immigrants worked as farmers in rural areas
c)
Most immigrants worked as bookkeepers or other professional jobs
d)
Most immigrants worked as tailors or other skilled jobs
9.
How did the Industrial Revolution affect the cities?
a)
Made the crime rate decrease
b)
Led to an increase in farm workers
c)
Make the cities cleaner and safer
d)
Led to an increase in population in the cities
10.

What was the Bessemer Process?

a)

To inject air into molten iron to remove the carbon & other impurities to create steel

b)

To inject air into molten iron to remove the carbon & other impurities to create diamonds

c)

To remove air from iron to create aluminum

d)

A process to create tungsten

11.

A title given to cruel, ruthless business owners who exploited their workers to turn high profits.

a)

robber barons

b)

captains of industry

c)

philanthropists

d)

Mr. Menard

12.

Thomas Edison created the world's first _________ in Menlo Park, New Jersey

a)

research lab

b)

recycling plant

c)

steel factory

d)

typewriter

13.
Which one is NOT a reason why people tend to enjoy urban areas?
a)
more jobs
b)
entertaininment 
c)
public transportation 
d)
peace and quiet  
14.

Subway systems were first developed to

a)

transport people away from cities.

b)

carry people from one city to another

c)

relieve congestion on city streets.

d)

eliminate polluted air in the cities.

15.

What was the process in which immigrant children became knowledgeable about American culture at public schools?

a)

Americanization

b)

Social darwinism

c)

nativism

d)

individualism

16.

The American "melting pot" refers to

a)

the process of assimilation experienced

by immigrants

b)

the method used by Henry Bessemer to

strengthen steel

c)

the massive industrial output of the

American nation

d)

the active volcanoes located on the

continental United States

17.

People moving from the rural areas to cities is called...

a)

Ruralization

b)

Urbanization

c)

Colonization

d)

None of these

18.
What factors allowed the US business to grow after the Civil War? 
a)
available workers, capital, and new technology
b)
available workers, less capital, and no technology
c)
the Civil War was over and less capital
d)
stock, bonds, and people
19.
Process where a labor union and management of a business negotiate a contract or working terms is
a)
stockholder
b)
strike
c)
union
d)
collective bargaining
20.
Process of making large quantities of a product quickly and cheaply is called...
a)
stock
b)
business
c)
assembly line
d)
mass production
21.

What is a main benefit of belonging to a trade union?

a)
You are able to take longer breaks.
b)

It increases the chances of management to listen to your concerns because there are more people.

c)
You are able to get everything you want at your job.
d)
It is harder to get fired from your job.
22.
All of the following were problems in the factories EXCEPT...
a)
poor safety conditions
b)
child labor
c)
good working conditions
d)
low pay
23.
Business owners sell ___________________ or shares in their companies to investors.
a)
corporations
b)
names
c)
stocks
24.
Laissez-faire is a policy that 
a)
allowed labor to set working conditions based on votes.
b)
let owners of industry set working conditions without government interference.
c)
created committees to set working standards without interference from industry owners. 
d)
taught owners of industry how to set working conditions based on government standards. 
25.
To refuse to work until your demands are met is called a...
a)
collective bargaining
b)
strike
c)
stock
d)
stock market
26.

When a company buys up competing businesses in a similar industry:

a)

horizontal integration

b)

vertical integration

27.

Andrew Carnegie mainly used ____________ integration to expand his business

a)

vertical

b)

horizontal

28.
_____ practiced horizontal integration with his company, Standard Oil. 
a)
Carnegie 
b)
Rockefeller 
c)
Bessemer 
d)
Bell 
29.

Rockefeller mainly used ________ integration to expand his business

a)

vertical

b)

horizontal

30.

These were created to protect workers' rights

a)

unions

b)

strikes

c)

robber barons

d)

strikebreakers

31.

Why would child labor be used in the textile business?

a)

A child's hands were smaller for machine work and had a much lower labor cost

b)

Children didn't complain as much as other workers

c)

Children needed a break from their parents

d)

Children would get higher wages than other workers

32.

Due to Industrialism,

a)

more people moved to cities (urbanization)

b)

more people moved away from cities

c)

more land was used for farming

d)

the US entered WWI

33.

If you are a philanthropist, what does that mean?

a)

You amass great wealth

b)

You use your wealth to help people

c)

You use your wealth to buy stock

d)

You use your wealth to buy competing businesses

34.
Urbanization refers to the:
a)
expansion of suburbs around the cities.
b)
the large labor pool available for cheap employment.
c)
the upward and outward growth of cities.
d)
increasing loss of agricultural land as a result of industrialization.
35.
As a result of industrialization, the gap between the rich and the poor:
a)
decreased.
b)
increased.
c)
remained unchanged.
36.
The philosophy of Social Darwinism applied Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution to
a)
biblical accounts of creation.
b)
human society and competition.
c)
political and economic issues.
d)
the social reform movement.
37.
If Wendy's buys KFC & McDonalds, it has grown:
a)
vertically.
b)
horizontally.
c)
into a Trust.
d)
into a Pool.
38.
Workers of the industrial era faced problems primarily because:
a)
few labor unions succeeded in having their demands met.
b)
the influx of immigrants drove wages down.
c)
they were viewed as 'unfit' by those of the upper class.
d)
all of the above. 
39.
True or False: Americans who left their farms for jobs in the city were called urban-to-rural migrants.
a)
True
b)
False
40.
___ is the process of a company buying up different businesses necessary to producing its good or service.
a)
horizontal integration 
b)
vertical integration 
c)
trust 
d)
pool
41.

What grew around factories?

a)

Mold

b)

Grass

c)

Cities

d)

Farmland

42.
___ practiced vertical integration at his steel company with his steel company in Pittsburgh. 
a)
Carnegie 
b)
Rockefeller 
c)
Bessemer 
d)
Bell 
43.
Which was a goal of many early labor unions?
a)
8 hour work day
b)
health insurance 
c)
minimum wage
d)
women’s rights
44.
Which of the following are ways that owners fought unions?
a)
lockouts  
b)
blacklists 
c)
hire strikebreakers
d)
all of the above 
45.

Who wrote ‘How The Other Half Lives’, though mainly know for his photograph collection?

a)
Jacob Riis
b)
Alexander Bell
c)
Upton Sinclair
d)
Theodore Roosevelt
46.

Elisha Otis invented what (it allowed for skyscrapers to be built)?

a)
The telephone
b)
The modern rocket
c)
electricity
d)
The elevator
47.
Who created the Standard Oil Company?
a)
Andrew Carnegie
b)
John D. Rockefeller
c)
Henry Bessemer
d)
Chester Arthur
48.

With long work hours and the harshness of city life, most immigrants found that their move to America had not improved their standard of living.

a)

True

b)

False

49.

Immigrants who failed a medical inspection upon arrival in the United States might be separated from their families and returned to Europe.

a)

True

b)

False

50.

Thomas Nast was the party boss of Tammany Hall during the 1860s and 1870s and was convicted of fraud and extortion in 1874.

a)

True

b)

False

51.

By the 1890s, immigrants made up significant percentages of some of the country’s largest________________.

a)

plantations

b)

cities

c)

farms

d)

suburbs

52.

The processing center for the majority of immigrants arriving on the East Coast was called______________.

a)

Angel Island

b)

Staten Island

c)

Ellis Island

d)

Long Island

53.

____________was the philosophy that wealthy Americans were gifted by God and therefore bore the responsibility of using their great fortunes to further social progress.

a)

Social Darwinism

b)

Gospel of Wealth

c)

Realism

d)

Redistribution of Wealth

54.

Analyze this political cartoon by listing 3 items of importance AND their meaning. Moreover, what do you think the artist was trying to explain? (10 points)

4 lines
55.

Explain the TWO main parts of the Gospel of Wealth (as defined by Andrew Carnegie). 4 points

4 lines
56.

From the immigrant perspective - what were two benefits and two drawbacks of the big city political machines? 6 points

4 lines
57.

List THREE services provided to immigrants at the Hull House in the southside of Chicago. (3 points)

4 lines
58.

Do you consider the late 1800s industrialists to be Robber Barons or Captains of Industry? Explain your response with TWO items of support. (5 points)

4 lines

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