This act made racial, religious, and sex discrimination by employers illegal and gave the government the power to enforce all laws governing civil rights, including desegregation of schools and public places.

The 10th Circuit Court of Appeals found "undisputed evidence that Spanish surnamed students do not reach the achievement levels attained by their Anglo counterparts." The court ordered the schools to design an educational plan that addressed national origin minority students' needs by:

-implementing a bilingual and bicultural curriculum

-reviewing testing procedures to assess achievement in that curriculum

-recruiting and hiring bilingual school personnel.

In 1982; Children of illegal immigrants can have access to free education and it is unlawful to:

-deny undocumented students admission to school

-treat undocumented students differently

-require students or parents to disclose or document their immigration status

-require social security numbers of all students, as it may expose the undocumented status of students or parents.

A landmark 1896 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the “separate but equal” doctrine.

School districts receiving federal financial assistance may not, on the basis of race, color, or national origin:

provide services, financial aid, or other benefits that are different or provide them in a different manner;restrict an individual's enjoyment of an advantage or privilege enjoyed by others;deny an individual the right to participate in federally assisted programs; and defeat or substantially impair the objectives of federally assisted programs.