a narrow strait in Turkey that connects the Mediterranean Sea with the Black Sea

a river between Israel and Jordan that empties into the Dead Sea

the saltiest lake and lowest point on Earth; located on the border between Israel and Jordan and fed by the Jordan River

a desert in Southwest Asia covering much of the Arabian Peninsula between the Mediterranean coast and the Euphrates River

the largest city in Turkey; formerly known as Constantinople

the capital of Jordan

the separation of religion and government

the scattering of the Jewish population outside of Israel

the capital of Israel; it contains holy sites of Judaism

a nationalist movement that began in the late 1800s and called for Jews to reestablish a Jewish state in their original homeland

a term used to refer to Jewish dietary laws; it means "acceptable" in Hebrew

in Israel, a large farm where people share everything in common

a city in southwestern Israel on the Mediterranean Sea

a strait between the Aegean Sea and the Sea of Marmara; part of a waterway that connects the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea

the capital of Syria

the capital of Lebanon

Arabic-speaking nomads that live mostly in the deserts of Southwest Asia

the capital of Jordan