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WorksheetsGenetics Study Guide
Total questions: 39
Worksheet time: 40mins
Which of the following shows the correct order of the Linnaean classification system, from the broadest classification to the most specific classification?
phylum → order → species → genus → kingdom → class → family
kingdom → class → family → phylum → order → genus → species
kingdom → phylum → class → order → family → genus → species
class → species → genus → phylum → family → order → kingdom
What kind of cell has no nucleus and no membrane bound organelles?
eukariotic
prokaryotic
a plant or animal
dead cell
While playing basketball, Alex scrapes his knee. How does skin heal after being cut?
Skin cells make sugar.
Skin cells make proteins.
Skin cells swell to form new skin cells.
Skin cells divide to make new skin cells.
The table lists the composition of chromosomes in five individuals. Which of the individuals are males?
2, 3, 4, and 5
1, 2, 3, and 5
5, only
1, only
A cross between a pea plant with alleles YY for yellow seeds is crossed with a pea plant with alleles yy for green seeds produces offspring with yellow seeds. Which of the following statements is true?
Both the alleles y and Y are dominant for seed color.
Both the alleles y and Y are recessive for seed color.
The allele y is dominant over the allele Y for seed color.
The allele Y is dominant over the allele y for seed color.
Which of the following best describes the difference between selective breeding and natural selection?
Selective breeding is the process of creating entirely new species, while natural selection modifies currently living species.
Selective breeding is performed by humans to achieve desired traits, while natural selection occurs without human involvement.
Selective breeding is performed by humans to change a trait in a currently living species, while natural selection is performed to change future offspring.
Selective breeding is a type of breeding that organisms in the wild carry out, while natural selection is a type of breeding that domestic organisms carry out.
In a laboratory, several labels on the mouse cages were removed. The scientist who worked in the laboratory needed to determine which mice were clones and which were not in order to replace the labels correctly. What investigation would allow the scientist to determine which mice were clones?
sequencing the DNA of the mice
finding out what food the mice prefer
breeding the mice to see traits the offspring have
determining whether the mice can learn to complete a maze
Which of the following is a true description of sexual and asexual reproduction?
Sexual reproduction involves a transfer of genetic information, but asexual reproduction does not.
Asexual reproduction involves meiosis, but sexual reproduction does not.
Sexual reproduction involves two parent organisms, but asexual reproduction does not.
Asexual reproduction produces new organisms, but sexual reproduction does not.
Plants that have either two dominant or two recessive alleles are classified as
asexual
cross-pollinating
homozygous
heterozygous
Which of the following is an example of genetic engineering?
manipulating potato genes to improve nutritional value, growth and flavor
creating a new identical mouse from the single cell of another mouse
a trait that is not advantageous disappearing over multiple generations
breeding two fast racehorses to produce offspring that have superior skills
Select three types of animals that have been selectively bred.
cattle
bears
lions
goats
pigs
The process of choosing a specific organism to breed based on producing desired traits is called
selective breeding
natural selection
natural breeding
selective evolution
Which statement best describes why a peanut plant farmer would NOT use selective breeding?
to change his current peanut plants to be resistant to insects
to produce new peanut plants with bitter peanuts
to eliminate diseases from his current peanut plants
to produce new peanut plants with desirable traits
Which of the following defines heredity?
the study of how behaviors are passed on from parent to offspring
the manipulated changing of a trait in an organism
the passage of genetic instructions from one generation to the next
the ability of organisms to adapt to their environment
What is a dominant gene?
A gene that is identical in most of the world's population.
A gene that does not change from generation to generation.
A gene with a mutation that affects the surrounding genes.
A gene that is stronger than the gene it is paired with.
What is a phenotype?
the initial combination of genes in a zygote
the physical appearance of an organism
organisms' specific sequence of genes
two alleles that are dominant for a trait
The picture shows six cats. Although they are all members of the cat family, what best explains why they look different from each other?
They are living in different environments.
They chose to have different traits at birth.
They inherited genes from different parents.
They are at different stages of development.
Edward and Dalitso are about to have a baby girl. They are excited to meet the baby and see what she looks like. They live in an area of the world where brown eyes are the most common, and blue eyes are the least common. Edward has blue eyes and Dalitso has brown eyes.
What color eyes will the baby most likely have?
Brown
Blue
Green
Where are genetic materials, chromosomes, and genes located?
In a cell's membrane
In a cell's nucleus
In the brain, only
In the blood, only
Which organelle may often be referred to as the "gate keeper" because it controls what goes in and out of the cell?
cytoplasm
nucleus
cell membrane
mitochondrion
Which organelle is responsible for taking in nutrients, breaking them down, and creating energy rich molecules?
mitochondrion
Golgi apparatus
nucleus
vacuole
What are M and O?
M is a chloroplast, and O is a mitochondria.
M is the nucleus, and O is the cytoplasm.
M is a mitochondria, and O is a chloroplast.
M is the cytoplasm, and O is the nucleus.
Which describes a function of structure X?
controls what can enter and exit the cell
collects and releases wastes for the cell
creates and distributes energy for the cell
contains the genetic information of the cell
What is formed by organized groups of cells with similar structures and a common purpose?
organ
digestion
circulation
tissue
What are the four levels of organization in the human body from the lowest level to highest level?
cells → tissues → organs → organ systems
cells → tissues → organelles → organ systems
cells → organs → tissues → body systems
cells → organelles → tissues → organ systems
The human body creates more carbon dioxide while exercising than when it is at rest. Which of the following best explains how the systems in the human body work together to maintain homeostasis and remove excess carbon dioxide?
The respiratory system takes in more oxygen, and the blood transports the oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the tissues.
The circulatory system takes in less carbon dioxide, and the lungs transport more oxygen to and from the tissues.
The respiratory system takes in less carbon dioxide, and the heart pumps more oxygen to and from the tissues.
The circulatory system takes in more oxygen, and the skin transports the oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the tissues.
Which of the following make up the central nervous system?
brain and spinal cord
nerves and ganglia
brain and peripheral nerves
tracts and spinal cord
After entering the body, food is transformed by enzymes into nutrients. Anything remaining is released as waste to maintain homeostasis. Which two systems are involved in this process?
digestive and excretory
respiratory and immune
reproductive and nervous
circulatory and skeletal
What is the main function of the immune system?
to stimulate the transmission of disease-fighting enzymes
to recognize and attack disease-causing organisms
to alert other systems in the body of foreign cells
to maintain a constant flow of blood to wounds
Red blood cells are produced in the body and travel through arteries and veins to all of the major organs. The circulatory system is able to maintain a relatively constant amount of
red blood cells because red blood cells are regularly produced by
the lymph of the circulatory system.
the neurons of the nervous system.
the glands of the endocrine system.
the bones of the skeletal system.
Which of the following is NOT a reason that scientists classify organisms?
to organize organisms
to easily identify organisms
to determine the age of organisms
to ensure the use of a common language
Soo Hwan found a flowering plant at school and used a classification key to help him classify the plant. The flowers of the plant are not clustered, and they have a deep brown
center. What type of plant did Soo Hwan find?
hibiscus
black-eyed Susan
silkweed
goldenrod
Solange found a bird that fell out of its nest. She used a dichotomous key to help her decide what type of food it eats. She concluded that the bird she found eats grub worms. What information about the bird led her to this conclusion?
The bird has talons and a short, pointed beak.
The bird has webbed feet and a throat pouch.
The bird has webbed feet and a short, round beak.
The bird has talons and a long, pointed beak.
Which pair of microscope views represents a eukaryotic cell and a prokaryotic cell?
Which of the following is the broadest taxonomic category?
phylum
class
genus
domain
hemlock
palm
spruce
maple
The pecan tree farmer wants to grow new pecan trees that produce a high number of nut clusters and have rich, buttery flavored nuts. Which two parent pecan trees should be bred to produce these desirable traits in the offspring?
pecan tree 1 and pecan tree 2
pecan tree 2 and pecan tree 3
pecan tree 3 and pecan tree 4
pecan tree 1 and pecan tree 4
Read the passage "Dimples" below.
DIMPLES
Delray has dimples, and his wife does not. Delray has a homozygous dominant genotype for dimples, and his wife has a homozygous recessive genotype for no dimples.
If Delray and his wife decide to have children, then which Punnett square correctly shows the probability of them having a child with dimples?
The diagram above is of a Punnett square for the cross between two heterozygous flowers, Rr and Rr.
Assuming the flowers in this cross display complete dominance, and the allele, R, is dominant for a red pigment and the allele, r, is recessive for a white pigment, what percent of the offspring will have red flowers?
25%
50%
75%
100%
